imputation
imputation — 名詞
- imputationsingular
- imputationsplural
1. A claim, often made without solid evidence, that someone has done something wron
指責；歸咎
無確鑿證據的指控
A claim, often made without solid evidence, that someone has done something wrong or has a bad personal quality.
The journalist denied the imputation that she had invented the story for money.
那名記者否認了有關她為了錢編造故事的指責。
imputation + that-clause for rejected accusation
Tomás faced an imputation of theft from his neighbours after the window was broken.
Tomás 因窗戶被打破而面臨鄰居對他偷竊的指責。
imputation of [crime/bad quality]
An imputation of laziness spread through the office after Bao's report arrived three days late.
Bao 的報告遲交三天後，辦公室裡開始流傳他懶惰的指責。
Jisoo's colleagues made unfair imputations about her work without checking the facts first.
Jisoo 的同事未經查證事實就對她的工作做出了不公平的指責。
The committee rejected any imputation that its members had acted with dishonesty.
委員會拒絕了對其成員行事不誠實的任何指責。
- accusation
more general; an imputation is a type of accusation but suggests less direct or provable blame
- insinuation
emphasises an indirect or subtle suggestion, while imputation can be more direct
文法句型
imputation + of + noun phrase
imputation + that-clause
用法筆記
Frequently used in negative or defensive contexts (reject, deny, face, unfair imputation). The word itself carries a tone of unfairness — an imputation is typically an accusation made without proof.
常見錯誤
2. The act of believing or stating that a particular quality, event, or work comes
歸因；歸於
將事物歸因於某來源
The act of believing or stating that a particular quality, event, or work comes from a specific person, place, or cause.
The historian's imputation of the painting to a French artist from the 1600s was widely accepted.
這位歷史學家將這幅畫歸因於一位十七世紀的法國藝術家，此說法廣為接受。
imputation of [work] to [creator]
Scholars still argue about the imputation of this unsigned poem to the writer Emily Dickinson.
學者們仍在爭論這首未署名詩作是否應歸於作家 Emily Dickinson。
In tax law, the imputation of company profits to individual owners can affect how much they pay.
在稅法中，將公司利潤歸於個別業主可能影響他們的納稅金額。
There was a clear imputation of blame to the night guard in the official accident report.
官方的事故報告中，責任明確被歸於那名夜班警衛。
The judge rejected the imputation of responsibility to the driver, since the road was badly lit.
法官拒絕將責任歸於司機，因為那條道路照明不良。
- attribution
near-synonym; more common in everyday academic writing, while imputation is slightly more formal and often implies an external assessment
- ascription
very close synonym, also used in philosophy and theology; slightly less common
文法句型
imputation + of + noun + to + noun
imputation + to + noun
用法筆記
Most common in academic, legal, and formal writing. Often appears in the pattern 'imputation of X to Y' where X is a quality or work and Y is the attributed source. This sense is distinct from sense 1 because it is neutral — the attribution may be true or false, but the word does not carry the same 'unfair accusation' tone.