solids
solids — 形容詞
- solidspositive
- more solidscomparative
- most solidssuperlative
1. describing a material or object that keeps its own shape because it does not ben
堅硬；固態
不易變形或壓扁的
describing a material or object that keeps its own shape because it does not bend or change form when you press or squeeze it.
The ice on the lake was solid enough for people to walk on safely.
湖面上的冰層非常堅硬，人可以安全地在上面行走。
describing frozen water as a solid surface
Sari sat on the solid wooden bench near the fountain, glad it did not wobble.
Sari 坐在噴泉旁邊那張堅硬的木頭長椅上，很開心椅子不會搖晃。
The builders used solid concrete blocks for the school's foundation so it would not shift over time.
工人用堅固的水泥磚建造學校的地基，這樣地基才不會隨著時間推移而移位。
collocation: solid concrete / solid wood / solid stone
A tofu block looks solid but breaks apart quite easily when you cut it.
豆腐塊看起來很硬，但一切下去就很容易碎掉。
- solid ground
- solid surface
- solid wood
- solid concrete
- solid rock
用法筆記
This sense contrasts with soft, liquid, or flexible materials. A solid object does not change shape when touched, but it may break under enough force.
常見錯誤
2. existing in a physical state that keeps a fixed shape and volume, unlike a liqui
固體的
物質三態中非液態、非氣態
existing in a physical state that keeps a fixed shape and volume, unlike a liquid that flows or a gas that spreads out in the air.
Water becomes solid when the temperature drops below zero degrees Celsius.
當溫度降到攝氏零度以下，水就會變成固體。
science context: states of matter
In science class, Leo learned that a rock is solid but steam is a gas.
在自然課上，Leo 學到石頭是固體，而水蒸氣是氣體。
Butter is solid when it comes out of the fridge, but it melts into a liquid in a warm pan.
奶油從冰箱拿出來時是固體的，但放進熱鍋裡就會融化成液體。
Paraffin wax is a solid at room temperature but turns into a clear liquid when you heat it up.
石蠟在室溫下是固體，但加熱後就會變成清澈的液體。
state change of a familiar household substance
- solid state
- solid form
- solid matter
- solid substance
- frozen
restricted to substances that freeze; only applies when the solid is formed by cooling a liquid
用法筆記
This is the scientific or general-descriptive use of 'solid' as one of the three basic states of matter. It is different from sense 1 (hard/firm) — a soft solid like clay is still a solid, not a liquid or gas, even though it can be pressed into a new shape.
常見錯誤
3. strong, dependable, or well-made, so that you feel confident trusting it as a ba
可靠；穩固
可以信賴或作為堅實基礎的
strong, dependable, or well-made, so that you feel confident trusting it as a basis for decisions, opinions, or physical support.
Hyun has built a solid reputation as a fair and honest manager over the past ten years.
Hyun 在過去十年間建立了公正誠實經理的好名聲，信譽非常可靠。
collocation: solid reputation
The company presented a solid business plan that convinced the bank to approve the loan.
這家公司提出了一個扎實的商業計畫，說服銀行核准了貸款。
Ada gave her students solid advice about how to prepare for the exam without panicking.
Ada 給學生們提供了可靠的建議，告訴他們如何在不慌張的情況下準備考試。
The old wooden bridge is surprisingly solid and can support heavy farm vehicles.
那座舊木橋出乎意料地穩固，可以承受重型農用車輛的重量。
physical sense of strong construction
- solid reputation
- solid evidence
- solid plan
- solid advice
- solid foundation
- solid understanding
- reliable
focuses on trustworthiness; a reliable person does what they promise
- strong
more general; a strong argument is persuasive, while a solid argument is well-founded and dependable
- sound
formal; 'sound advice' is based on good judgment and careful thought
- dependable
can be counted on in difficult situations; a dependable friend never lets you down
- weak
lacks strength or evidence; a weak argument is easy to disprove
- unreliable
cannot be trusted; unreliable information leads to wrong conclusions
用法筆記
This sense covers both physical durability ('a solid table') and abstract reliability ('solid evidence', 'solid argument'). The subject is typically a plan, reputation, relationship, evidence, or piece of advice.
常見錯誤
4. having no empty space or gaps inside an object; filled completely through the wh
實心的
內部沒有空洞的
having no empty space or gaps inside an object; filled completely through the whole body of the thing.
The old tree trunk looked solid, but inside it was completely empty and rotten.
那棵老樹幹外表看起來是實心的，但裡面已經完全蛀空腐爛了。
contrast between solid (filled) and hollow (empty)
Rafael prefers a solid chocolate egg over a hollow one because it feels heavier and richer.
Rafael 比較喜歡實心巧克力蛋，而不是空心的，因為實心的拿起來更重、味道更濃。
The wall was built with solid bricks, not the lightweight hollow kind used for inside rooms.
那面牆用的是實心磚塊，而不是室內隔間用的那種輕質空心磚。
collocation: solid brick vs hollow brick
Eli tapped the metal pipe and heard a ringing sound, which meant it was hollow and not solid.
Eli 敲了敲那根金屬管，聽見響亮的聲音，這表示它是空心的而不是實心的。
- solid brick
- solid bar
- solid cylinder
- solid ball
- dense
more scientific; 'dense' emphasises mass per volume rather than absence of holes
用法筆記
Frequently used in contrast with 'hollow' or 'filled with air'. Objects can be described as 'solid' in this sense even if they contain small bubbles, as long as there is no large empty cavity.
5. describing food that is eaten in a firm, non-liquid form, especially when a baby
固體食物的
非流質、需要咀嚼的
describing food that is eaten in a firm, non-liquid form, especially when a baby starts eating things other than milk, or when a sick person returns to normal eating.
The doctor said the patient could start eating solid food again after two days of soup.
醫生說病人喝了兩天湯之後，可以開始吃固體食物了。
medical/health context
Dylan's baby just turned six months old and is beginning to try solid foods like mashed banana.
Dylan 的寶寶剛滿六個月，開始嘗試吃像香蕉泥這類的固體食物。
After the surgery, Lakshmi could only drink liquids for a week before moving to soft solid foods.
手術後，Lakshmi 只能喝流質食物一個禮拜，之後才改吃軟質固體食物。
The hospital menu offers both liquid meals and solid options for patients at different recovery stages.
醫院的菜單同時提供流質餐點和固體餐點，供不同恢復階段的病人選擇。
contrast: liquid meals vs solid options
- solid food
- solid meal
- solid diet
- eat solid foods
- regular food
less common; 'regular food' contrasts with baby food or hospital liquids
用法筆記
Almost always used in contrast with 'liquid' or in the phrase 'solid food(s)' as a category. This sense is closely related to noun sense 3 and is common in medical, parenting, and dietary contexts.
常見錯誤
6. happening or lasting without any breaks or pauses for a long period of time.
連續的
不間斷地持續一段時間
happening or lasting without any breaks or pauses for a long period of time.
Mathieu studied for three solid hours without checking his phone once.
Mathieu 連續唸了整整三個小時的書，完全沒看手機。
pattern: [number] + solid + [time unit]
The rain fell for three solid days without stopping, flooding the streets of the old town.
雨連續下了整整三天沒有停過，淹沒了舊城區的街道。
After a solid week of rain, the streets in the old part of town were completely flooded.
連續下了一整星期的雨之後，舊城區的街道全淹水了。
Sari drove for a solid ten hours to reach her grandmother's house before dark.
Sari 連續開了整整十個小時車，才在天黑前趕到奶奶家。
- solid hour
- solid day
- solid week
- solid year
- solid block of time
- non-stop
less formal; 'a non-stop flight' continues without any scheduled stops
- uninterrupted
more formal; 'uninterrupted sleep' means no one woke you up
- continuous
neutral register; 'continuous rainfall' fell without stopping
- broken
interrupted by pauses; broken sleep means you woke up several times
用法筆記
Always appears before a time expression: 'a solid [time period]' or '[number] solid [time unit]'. The meaning is 'non-stop for that entire duration'. Do not confuse with sense 3 — 'solid week of work' means continuous work for a week, not high-quality work.
常見錯誤
7. describing a metal made of one single substance without other metals mixed in, o
純質；單色
沒有攙雜其他物質或花紋
describing a metal made of one single substance without other metals mixed in, or a colour that is the same all over with no pattern or second colour.
Ingrid bought a necklace made of solid silver, not just silver-plated copper.
Ingrid 買了一條純銀項鍊，不是鍍銀的銅鍊。
collocation: solid silver / solid gold
The artist painted the wall in a solid blue colour with no lines or decorations.
藝術家把牆壁漆成純藍色，沒有任何線條或裝飾。
Adisa chose a solid gold ring for the wedding because it would last longer than gold-plated jewellery.
Adisa 為婚禮挑選了一只純金戒指，因為它比鍍金首飾更耐用。
The company logo uses a solid red circle without any outline or text inside it.
公司的標誌使用了一個純紅色圓形，沒有任何輪廓或文字在裡面。
solid colour meaning uniform and unbroken
- solid gold
- solid silver
- solid colour
- solid copper
- pure
more general; 'pure gold' can mean 24-carat, while 'solid gold' emphasises the object is gold all through, not just on the surface
- unmixed
describes a colour or substance that has no other colour or ingredient
- unbroken colour
specific to surface colour; a solid colour has no pattern or texture
- mixed
contains different substances; mixed metals contain several types of ore blended together
用法筆記
When describing metals, 'solid' means the entire object is made of the same metal throughout, not just coated. For colours, 'solid' means a single uniform shade across the whole surface.
常見錯誤
8. relating to objects or shapes that have length, width, and height, rather than f
立體的
具有長寬高三個維度的
relating to objects or shapes that have length, width, and height, rather than flat two-dimensional figures.
In geometry class, the students learned to calculate the volume of solid shapes like cubes and spheres.
在幾何課上，學生們學習計算立方體和球體等立體形狀的體積。
math context: solid shapes = 3D figures
A cylinder is a solid figure because it has a circular base on top and bottom with height between them.
圓柱體是立體圖形，因為它上下有圓形底座，中間還有高度。
Eli used modelling clay to build a solid pyramid for his school project on ancient Egypt.
Eli 用黏土做了一個立體金字塔，作為學校古埃及主題作業的作品。
The maths textbook shows both flat shapes and solid figures with their surface areas and volumes.
數學課本同時介紹了平面圖形和立體圖形，以及它們的表面積和體積。
contrast: flat shapes vs solid figures
- solid figure
- solid shape
- solid geometry
- solid object
- three-dimensional
more technical and explicit; 'three-dimensional shapes include cubes, spheres, and pyramids'
- volumetric
very technical; rarely used in everyday language
- flat
having only two dimensions; a flat drawing on paper is not a solid shape
- two-dimensional
having only length and width, no height; a square is two-dimensional
用法筆記
Mainly used in mathematics and geometry. A 'solid figure' or 'solid shape' occupies three-dimensional space, unlike a 'plane figure' (2D) such as a triangle or circle. This sense is distinct from the general 'hard/firm' meaning.
solids — 副詞
1. in a way that is firm, strong, or complete; without any weakness or gaps.
牢固；扎實
以堅固或完整的方式
in a way that is firm, strong, or complete; without any weakness or gaps.
The shelves were fixed solidly to the wall so that nothing would fall off during an earthquake.
那些架子被牢固地固定在牆上，這樣地震時才不會掉下來。
adverb form 'solidly' modifying a verb
Leo can speak Spanish solidly after living in Madrid for three years.
Leo 在馬德里住了三年後，西班牙語說得相當扎實。
The archery team performed solidly in every round, hitting the centre of the target more often than their rivals.
射箭隊在每一輪比賽中都表現得非常穩定，命中靶心的次數比對手更多。
Lakshmi stood solidly behind her decision to move abroad, even when her family had doubts.
Lakshmi 堅定地支持自己出國的決定，即使家人有所疑慮。
figurative use: stand solidly behind = firmly support
- solidly built
- solidly fixed
- stand solidly
- play solidly
- solidly behind
用法筆記
The adverb 'solidly' is the word used in this sense, not 'solid'. It can modify verbs of physical attachment (fix, build, stand) as well as abstract actions (support, perform, argue). The comparative form is 'more solidly'.
常見錯誤
solids — 名詞
- solidssingular
- solidsesplural
1. matter that exists in a firm state with a fixed shape, rather than flowing like
固體
非液體非氣體的物質狀態
matter that exists in a firm state with a fixed shape, rather than flowing like a liquid or spreading freely like a gas.
When you freeze water, it changes from a liquid into a solid that you can hold in your hand.
把水冷凍的時候，它會從液體變成可以握在手中的固體。
state change: liquid → solid
The chemist explained that iron is a solid at room temperature, while mercury is a liquid.
化學家解釋說，鐵在室溫下是固體，而汞是液體。
The waste treatment plant separates solids from the water before releasing it into the river.
汙水處理廠在把水排放到河裡之前，先把固體物從水中分離出來。
collocation: separate solids from liquids
Ingrid poured the liquid through a filter and watched the small solids collect on top of the paper.
Ingrid 把液體倒進濾網，看著細小的固體顆粒留在濾紙上。
- solid waste
- solid particles
- solid matter
- solid fuel
- solid state
用法筆記
As a countable noun (a solid / solids), it refers to individual items or types of solid matter. As an uncountable noun, it refers to the category of solid substances in general ('solid turns to liquid when heated'). In scientific contexts, 'solids' is one of the three states of matter.
常見錯誤
2. a shape that has length, width, and height — like cubes, spheres and pyramids —
立體圖形
具有長寬高三個維度的形狀
a shape that has length, width, and height — like cubes, spheres and pyramids — rather than being flat like a square or circle drawn on paper.
The teacher asked the children to bring empty boxes and tubes to build different solids for the art project.
老師請孩子們帶空盒子和空管子到學校，用這些材料製作不同的立體圖形參加美術創作。
classroom context: building solids from everyday objects
A cube and a sphere are both geometric solids, but a triangle drawn on paper is not.
立方體和球體都是幾何立體圖形，但畫在紙上的三角形則不是。
In geometry class, Mei-Lin drew a rectangular prism and labelled each face, edge, and corner of the solid.
在幾何課上，Mei-Lin 畫了一個長方體，並標出這個立體圖形的每一個面、邊和角。
Salma counted the edges and corners on each solid she built with her geometry set at school.
Salma 數了數她在學校用幾何教具組裝的每一個立體圖形的邊和角。
- geometric solid
- solid figure
- regular solid
- Platonic solid
- three-dimensional figure
more formal mathematical term; used in textbooks
- solid figure
synonymous; 'solid figure' is slightly more precise in geometry lessons
- plane figure
a flat two-dimensional shape like a triangle or circle
用法筆記
In mathematics, 'solids' (plural) often refers to a category of 3D figures studied as a group. The singular 'solid' refers to one such shape. This sense is distinct from noun sense 1 (physical matter) — here the focus is on the geometric form, not the material.
3. food that is firm and needs to be chewed, rather than being in liquid form like
固體食物
非流質、需要咀嚼的食物
food that is firm and needs to be chewed, rather than being in liquid form like soup or juice.
The baby's mother started introducing solids when he was six months old, beginning with mashed vegetables.
寶寶六個月大時，媽媽開始讓他吃固體食物，先從蔬菜泥開始。
baby weaning context
After two days of only drinking broth, the patient was eager to eat real solids again.
連續兩天只喝清湯之後，病人非常渴望能再吃到真正的固體食物。
Eli packed both liquids and solids for the camping trip — juice boxes for drinks and granola bars to eat.
Eli 為露營準備了飲料和固體食物——果汁盒用來喝，燕麥棒用來吃。
contrast: liquids vs solids in a packing context
The paediatrician gave the parents a chart showing which solids are safe for babies under twelve months.
小兒科醫師給了家長一張圖表，列出十二個月以下嬰兒安全的固體食物。
- eat solids
- start solids
- introduce solids
- tolerate solids
- solids and liquids
- solid food
the full phrase; 'solids' is a shortened form used in medical and parenting contexts
- liquids
drinks and other fluid foods; patients on a liquid diet cannot have solids
用法筆記
Used mainly in the plural 'solids' to refer to the category of non-liquid foods. Commonly appears in medical advice about babies starting to eat, or in dietary guidelines for patients recovering from surgery. 'Solids' in this sense is always plural — you cannot say 'a solid' to mean a piece of food.
常見錯誤
同根字
- solid形容詞A2
- solid名詞B1
- solidly副詞B2
- solidity名詞C1
- solidify動詞B2
- solidification名詞C2
- consolidate動詞B2
- consolidation名詞C1
常見搭配
名詞搭配
- solid ground
- solid foundation
- solid surface
- solid evidence
- solid waste
副詞搭配
- completely solid
- perfectly solid
- fairly solid
- reasonably solid
常用片語
- solid as a rock
- on solid ground
介系詞搭配
- solid as (a rock)
- solid of