superiors
superiors — 形容詞
- superiorspositive
- more superiorscomparative
- most superiorssuperlative
1. of a noticeably higher quality or standard than what is usual or than another th
優質
品質或表現比一般更好的
of a noticeably higher quality or standard than what is usual or than another thing of the same kind — so significantly better that it stands out from the rest.
The furniture at the hotel was made of superior materials that lasted for years.
飯店的家具使用優質材料製作，使用了許多年都不壞。
superior + materials / quality / workmanship
Sophia thought her design was superior to the ones her classmates had submitted.
Sophia 認為她的設計比同學們提交的作品更優質。
superior to + noun phrase
Tanvi earned a superior rating on her performance review and got a bonus.
Tanvi 在績效考核中獲得優質評等，並拿到了獎金。
The supermarket claims its own brand is superior to the national brands.
這家超市聲稱自有品牌的產品比全國性品牌更優質。
Hiro chose the university because of its superior reputation in engineering.
Hiro 選擇這所大學是因為它在工程領域擁有優質的聲譽。
- better
more general and common; 'superior' is more formal and strongly implies top quality
- excellent
focuses on very high quality; 'superior' adds the idea of being better than others, not just good on its own
- first-rate
informal alternative; same meaning but less formal in tone
文法句型
superior + noun
superior to + noun/pronoun
用法筆記
Commonly followed by 'to' when making a comparison: 'X is superior to Y'. Unlike 'better than', 'superior to' is never used with 'than'.
常見錯誤
2. showing by words or behaviour that you regard yourself as above, more important,
高傲
自認高人一等而態度傲慢的
showing by words or behaviour that you regard yourself as above, more important, or cleverer than those around you — typically in an unpleasant, condescending way that makes others feel small.
The new manager spoke to the staff in a superior tone that annoyed everyone.
新經理用高傲的語氣對員工說話，惹惱了辦公室裡的每一個人。
superior tone / manner / attitude
David tried to hide his superior smile when he heard about his colleague's mistake.
David 聽到同事犯錯時，試圖藏起臉上高傲的笑容。
Eli did not want to sound superior, so he praised the other teams after winning.
Eli 不想讓自己聽起來高傲，所以即使贏了比賽，他還是稱讚了其他隊伍。
The customer's superior attitude made the shop assistant feel uncomfortable and angry.
那位顧客高傲的態度讓店員感到不自在且生氣。
- condescending
stronger focus on talking down to others, more formal
- snobbish
implies looking down on people of lower social status
- haughty
more literary; suggests proud and disdainful behaviour
文法句型
superior + noun (manner/attitude/smile)
feel/sound/act superior
用法筆記
This sense always carries a negative judgement. Unlike sense 1 (BETTER THAN AVERAGE) which describes objective quality, this sense describes a personality flaw or condescending behaviour.
常見錯誤
3. having a higher position, level, or authority within an organisation, system, or
上級
職位或級別比他人高的
having a higher position, level, or authority within an organisation, system, or hierarchy — used of people, courts, military ranks, or administrative bodies.
Isabela reported directly to her superior officer at the military base.
Isabela 在軍事基地直接向她的上級軍官報告。
superior officer
The court of appeal has superior authority over the lower district courts.
上訴法院對下級地方法院擁有上級管轄權。
superior authority / court / body
In the company structure, a regional director is superior to a branch manager.
在公司的架構中，區域總監的職位高於分公司經理。
Stephanie had to follow the instructions from a superior judge in the same courthouse.
Stephanie 必須遵從同一法院內一位上級法官的指示。
The sergeant saluted when his superior entered the room during the ceremony.
中士在典禮中向上級軍官敬禮。
- higher-ranking
more explicit about hierarchy, less formal
- senior
common in workplace contexts; can also refer to age or experience
- higher
simpler but less precise; used in compound nouns like 'higher court'
- junior
lower in rank or position within an organisation
- subordinate
under the authority of someone else
文法句型
superior + noun (officer/court/authority)
superior to + person/institution
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (BETTER THAN AVERAGE): this sense is about position in a hierarchy, not about quality. A 'superior officer' is someone of higher rank, not necessarily a better officer.
常見錯誤
4. located nearer to the top of the body, the head, or a reference point — used esp
上方的
位於身體上部或靠近頭部的
located nearer to the top of the body, the head, or a reference point — used especially in medical or anatomical descriptions of body parts and their positions.
The superior vena cava carries blood from the upper body back to the heart.
上腔靜脈將血液從身體上半部輸送回心臟。
superior vena cava (major vein)
The fracture was located on the superior edge of the patient's left shoulder blade.
骨折發生在病人左側肩胛骨的上方邊緣。
superior edge / surface / part
Doctors discovered a small tumour in the superior lobe of the right lung.
醫生在右肺上方的肺葉發現了一顆小腫瘤。
The superior portion of the spinal cord connects directly to the brain stem.
脊髓的上方部分直接連接腦幹。
- inferior
anatomical term meaning lower or towards the feet
文法句型
superior + anatomical noun
用法筆記
In medical contexts, 'superior' is the opposite of 'inferior'. It is a standard directional term used in anatomy, nursing, and veterinary science. Not commonly used in everyday conversation.
常見錯誤
5. not affected or controlled by something unpleasant or negative — such as threats
不受影響
不受威脅批評等負面事物影響
not affected or controlled by something unpleasant or negative — such as threats, criticism, pain, or temptation — because you are strong enough or confident enough to rise above it.
The old judge was superior to the threats and continued the trial without fear.
那位老法官不受威脅所影響，毫無畏懼地繼續審理案件。
superior to + threats / criticism / pressure
Obi stayed calm and was superior to the petty insults from the audience.
Obi 保持冷靜，不受觀眾那些低劣的侮辱所影響。
Noor remained superior to the temptation of checking social media during the exam.
Noor 在考試期間不受查看社群媒體的誘惑影響。
The villagers proved superior to the hardship and rebuilt their homes after the flood.
村民們不受困境影響，在洪水過後重建了家園。
- above
more common in everyday speech; 'above the criticism' is simpler
- immune to
suggests complete protection; 'superior to' implies active strength of character
- unaffected by
more neutral; lacks the implication of moral strength
- susceptible to
easily affected or harmed by something
- vulnerable to
open to being hurt or influenced
文法句型
superior to + noun (threats/criticism/pressure)
用法筆記
Always used with 'to' followed by a noun referring to something negative (threats, criticism, temptation, hardship, pain). The subject is typically a person or group showing resilience. This is a fairly formal usage.
常見錯誤
superiors — 名詞
1. a person who holds a higher rank, position, or level of authority than you withi
上級；長官
職位或地位比自己高的人
a person who holds a higher rank, position, or level of authority than you within an organisation — someone you report to or receive orders from, such as a boss, manager, or commanding officer.
Tanvi asked her superior for a day off to attend her sister's wedding in Osaka.
Tanvi 向上級請假一天，去大阪參加妹妹的婚禮。
ask / report to / consult one's superior
The factory workers presented their safety concerns directly to their superiors at the meeting.
工廠工人在會議中直接向他們的上級提出了安全方面的顧慮。
David was a kind superior who always listened to his team before making decisions.
David 是一位友善的長官，在做決定前總是會聽取團隊的意見。
After her promotion, Isabela had to manage her former colleagues as their superior.
Isabela 升職後必須管理以前的同事，成為他們的上級。
The army has a strict rule that soldiers must salute their superiors at all times.
軍隊有嚴格的規定，士兵必須隨時向長官敬禮。
- boss
more informal and common in everyday conversation
- manager
focuses on the role of directing people's work
- supervisor
someone who watches over the work of others; closer in meaning but often used for lower-level management
- subordinate
a person who is under the authority of another
- junior
a person with a lower rank or position
文法句型
possessive + superior
one's superior
the superior of + person
用法筆記
In the plural form 'superiors', this is often used generally to refer to the management or higher-ranking staff in an organisation. The singular 'superior' is common in military and formal workplace contexts. 'Boss' is more informal and common in everyday speech.