unsoundness
/ˌʌnˈsaʊndnəs/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌʌnˈsaʊndnəs/ (ame, ipa) · /ˌən-ˈsau̇n(d)-nəs/ (ame, mw)
unsoundness — 名詞
1. the quality of having serious faults, weak reasoning, or views that should not b
不健全
論點、制度等有嚴重缺失而不可信
the quality of having serious faults, weak reasoning, or views that should not be accepted or trusted
The judge pointed to the unsoundness of the witness's changing story.
法官指出那名證人前後說法站不住腳的地方。
pattern: the unsoundness of [argument / story / plan]
Investors soon saw the unsoundness of a plan built on borrowed money.
投資人很快就看出那套靠借款支撐的計畫有多不健全。
Her essay exposed the unsoundness of the old rule in schools.
她的文章揭露了學校舊規定的不健全。
Years later, the committee admitted the unsoundness of its original advice.
多年後，委員會承認自己最初建議的不健全。
The article explains the unsoundness of treating one small study as proof.
那篇文章說明了把一項小型研究當成證明有多站不住腳。
- weakness
broader and less formal; can describe many kinds of problems
- flaw
usually one specific defect rather than the overall poor quality
- unreliability
focuses more narrowly on not being dependable
- soundness
the quality of being reasonable, dependable, or acceptable
用法筆記
Usually used for arguments, plans, rules, theories, and decisions rather than for physical damage. Distinguish from sense 3, which is about a structure or object being weak or decayed.
常見錯誤
2. a condition in which mental illness seriously affects a person's judgment and se
精神失常
因精神疾病而失去正常判斷或控制力
a condition in which mental illness seriously affects a person's judgment and self-control
The doctors disagreed about the prisoner's unsoundness after the attack.
醫師們對那名囚犯在攻擊事件後是否精神失常看法不一。
formal pattern: unsoundness after an incident or evaluation
His family sought treatment when his unsoundness became impossible to hide.
當他的精神失常變得再也藏不住時，家人便開始替他求醫。
The court had to decide whether her unsoundness affected her confession.
法院必須判定她的精神失常是否影響了她的供詞。
Friends noticed signs of unsoundness when Omar stopped sleeping for days.
當 Omar 一連好幾天都不睡覺時，朋友們注意到了精神失常的跡象。
A medical report described the man's unsoundness as severe and long-lasting.
一份醫療報告把那名男子的精神失常描述為嚴重且持久。
- madness
less formal and often broader in everyday use
- insanity
close in meaning, especially in legal or medical contexts
- instability
weaker; may suggest mental or emotional weakness without full illness
- sanity
the state of having normal judgment and mental balance
用法筆記
A formal word, often found in medical or legal discussion. It usually suggests a condition serious enough to affect judgment or responsibility, not an ordinary bad mood.
常見錯誤
3. the condition of being weak, damaged, or beginning to decay, especially in a str
損壞；腐壞
建物或物體因受損或腐朽而不牢固
the condition of being weak, damaged, or beginning to decay, especially in a structure or solid object
The survey found unsoundness in the roof above the village hall.
勘查發現村民活動中心上方的屋頂有損壞情況。
pattern: unsoundness in [roof / wall / beam]
Years of rain had caused unsoundness in the old wooden bridge.
多年的雨水讓那座老木橋出現了腐壞。
Engineers warned that hidden unsoundness in the wall could spread fast.
工程師警告說，牆內隱藏的損壞可能很快擴大。
The builder tapped each floorboard for unsoundness before the museum reopened.
博物館重新開放前，工人敲了每一塊地板來檢查有無損壞。
Workers replaced the beam after unsoundness appeared around the base.
底部一出現腐壞，工人們就把那根樑換掉了。
- solidity
focuses on firm and dependable physical condition
用法筆記
Most often used for buildings, bridges, walls, timber, or other solid materials. Distinguish from sense 1, which is about faulty ideas or advice rather than physical weakness.