approbation
approbation — 名詞
1. praise and public approval that is shown toward someone or something, especially
讚許；認可
正式的讚揚或同意
praise and public approval that is shown toward someone or something, especially when it comes from an official body, a group of experts, or people in positions of authority.
The board voted to express its approbation of the new marketing plan.
董事會投票對新的行銷計劃表示認可。
express + approbation of [plan/proposal]
Shirin smiled with pride at the approbation in her teacher's voice.
Shirin 聽到老師語氣中的讚許，自豪地笑了。
approbation in someone's voice/tone
Kenji's proposal won the approbation of the entire committee after a long debate.
Kenji 的提案經過長時間辯論後，獲得了整個委員會的認可。
The audience showed their approbation with loud applause and cheering.
觀眾以熱烈的掌聲和歡呼表達讚許。
Mira waited nervously for the approbation of the review panel before publishing her research.
Mira 在發表研究之前，緊張地等待審查小組的認可。
- approval
less formal than approbation; the everyday word for expressing that something is accepted or satisfactory
- praise
focuses on spoken or written admiration rather than formal endorsement
- acclaim
stronger and more public than approbation; often used for artistic or popular achievements
- commendation
similar register to approbation; often refers to a formal statement of praise
- disapproval
the opposite of approval; a negative judgment
- criticism
a negative evaluation rather than the absence of praise
- condemnation
much stronger; a public statement that someone or something is wrong or bad
用法筆記
Frequently used in formal written contexts — in everyday conversation, 'approval' or 'praise' is far more common. The word often appears with a noun or noun phrase specifying the source of authority (board, committee, panel, supervisor).