bench
/bentʃ/ (bre, ipa) · [bˈɛntʃ] /bentʃ/ (ame, ipa) · [bˈɛntʃ] /ˈbench/ (ame, mw)
bench — 動詞
- benchpresent simple I / you / we / they
- benches3rd person singular
- benching-ing form
- benchedpast simple
1. to push a weight upward from your chest while lying on a narrow exercise table,
臥推
躺臥推椅向上舉重
to push a weight upward from your chest while lying on a narrow exercise table, using both arms to lift it
Andrei benches 90 kilograms at the gym every Tuesday morning with a spotter nearby.
Andrei 每週二早上都在健身房臥推 90 公斤，旁邊有教練護著。
bench + [weight] for measurement of strength
After three months of training, Yumi could bench her own body weight for five reps.
經過三個月的訓練，Yumi 終於能臥推相當於自己體重的重量，連續做五下。
bench + [possessive] + own + body weight
Ramón benched 75 kilograms without stopping, which impressed everyone in the gym.
Ramón 不間斷地臥推了 75 公斤，讓健身房裡的所有人都印象深刻。
Felix prefers to bench with a spotter nearby so he can push harder without worry.
Felix 比較喜歡有人在旁邊護著時才臥推，這樣他才能放心地盡力推。
Tanvi benched 50 kilograms for ten repetitions during her morning workout session.
Tanvi 在早上的訓練中臥推了 50 公斤，連續做了十下。
- bench press
the noun form describing the exercise itself, not used as a verb in informal gym talk
文法句型
bench + [weight]
bench + [weight] + for + [number] + repetitions
用法筆記
The weight lifted is usually expressed in kilograms or pounds immediately after the verb. This sense belongs to gym and weightlifting vocabulary and is less common in everyday conversation outside fitness contexts.
常見錯誤
2. to stop a player from playing in a sports match, usually as punishment for break
換下場；禁賽
因犯規或受傷不讓選手出賽
to stop a player from playing in a sports match, usually as punishment for breaking a rule, because of injury, or due to poor performance
The manager benched Salma for the second half after she missed two easy catches.
總教練在 Salma 漏接兩次簡單的球之後，下半場就把她換下場了。
active: manager benched Salma — punishment for poor play
Because of an ankle injury, Chidi was benched for the whole season.
由於腳踝受傷，Chidi 整個賽季都坐冷板凳。
passive: was benched — injury as reason
The coach benched Ryan for arriving late to practice three times in one week.
Ryan 一週內練球遲到三次，教練因此不讓他上場比賽。
Trang got benched during the final match after the referee gave her a yellow card.
Trang 在決賽中因為吃了一张黃牌而被換下場。
The Tanaka family watched from the stands as their son was benched for arguing.
Tanaka 一家坐在看臺上，看著兒子因為爭吵而被換下場。
- play
to allow someone to take part in a game
文法句型
bench + [player]
be/get benched
用法筆記
Frequently used in the passive voice (get benched, was benched). The subject making the decision is usually a coach, manager, or team official. In American sports commentary, 'bench' is also used as a noun in phrases like 'benched for the game'.
常見錯誤
bench — 名詞
- benchsingular
- benchesplural
1. A narrow piece of furniture, shaped like a long plank and commonly built from wo
長凳
可供多人坐的長條形座位
A narrow piece of furniture, shaped like a long plank and commonly built from wood or metal, that several people can sit on side by side, typically found in parks, gardens, changing rooms, or other public places.
Rachel sat on a wooden bench in the park and watched the children play.
Rachel 坐在公園的長凳上，看著孩子們玩耍。
sit on a bench + location (park)
The old couple paused to rest on a bench near the fountain.
這對老夫妻在噴泉附近的長凳上坐下來休息。
rest on a bench — typical use for resting
Joaquín left his bag on the bench by the garden gate.
Joaquín 把包包留在花園門口旁的長凳上。
Several benches line the path through the city square.
沿著穿越市中心廣場的小徑，擺放了幾張長凳。
Aylin and Felix found an empty bench and sat down to eat their lunch.
Aylin 和 Felix 找到一張空的長凳，坐下來吃午餐。
文法句型
on a/the bench
2. A sturdy, flat table used for practical manual work such as carpentry, metalwork
工作檯
進行手工或維修用的堅固桌子
A sturdy, flat table used for practical manual work such as carpentry, metalwork, electrical repairs, or other hands-on tasks, usually found in a workshop, garage, or laboratory.
Lakshmi clamped the piece of wood to her workbench before cutting it.
Lakshmi 在切割前，把那塊木頭夾緊在她的工作檯上。
workbench — compound noun for carpentry use
The carpenter cleared his bench and began measuring the new shelf.
木匠清理了工作檯，然後開始測量新層板的尺寸。
Piotr spent the afternoon at his bench, fixing the old radio.
Piotr 整個下午都在他的工作檯前修理那臺舊收音機。
Dust covered every tool on the workbench after the project ended.
工程結束後，灰塵覆蓋了工作檯上的每一件工具。
Stephanie wiped the bench clean before starting the next repair.
Stephanie 在開始下一個維修前，先把工作檯擦乾淨。
- workbench
Interchangeable with 'bench' in this sense, slightly more specific
- workstation
Broader — can be a desk for computer work, not just manual work
文法句型
at a/the bench
workbench
用法筆記
Often combined with a noun describing the trade: 'workbench,' 'carpenter's bench,' 'lab bench.'
3. A padded, narrow table used in weight training, designed for a person to lie on
舉重凳
健身時平躺推舉槓鈴的長凳
A padded, narrow table used in weight training, designed for a person to lie on while pushing a barbell upward or doing other exercises.
Jin lay on the bench and pushed the barbell upward from his chest.
Jin 躺在舉重凳上，將槓鈴從胸前向上推舉。
lie on the bench + barbell — weight-training collocation
A row of weight benches stood in front of the mirrors at the gym.
健身房鏡子前擺了一排舉重凳。
weight bench — compound noun for gym equipment
Rachid adjusted the bench so it was flat before doing his exercises.
Rachid 在做運動前先把舉重凳調整成平的。
The trainer showed Xiu how to keep her feet on the bench while lifting.
教練告訴 Xiu 在舉重時要讓雙腳平放在舉重凳上。
Felix added more weight to the bar and lay back down on the bench.
Felix 又在槓鈴上加了一些重量，然後躺回舉重凳上。
- weight bench
More specific — emphasizes the purpose for weight training
文法句型
on a/the bench
bench + noun (bench press)
用法筆記
The verb 'bench' (to bench-press) and the compound 'bench press' both derive from this sense.
4. The seating area at a sports field or court where players who are not currently
候補席
運動場邊供替補球員坐的區域
The seating area at a sports field or court where players who are not currently in the game sit during the match; also used to refer to the group of reserve players kept as replacements for active team members.
Coach Ilan called two players from the bench to join the game.
Ilan 教練從候補席叫了兩名球員上場比賽。
call [someone] from the bench — coach's action
Xiu watched the match from the bench because her ankle still hurt.
Xiu 因為腳踝還在痛，所以坐在候補席看完整場比賽。
watch from the bench — player's perspective
The team's bench was deep with talented young substitutes this year.
今年這支球隊的候補席人才濟濟，擁有許多出色的年輕替補。
Lakan cheered loudly from the bench as his teammate scored the winning goal.
Lakan 在候補席大聲歡呼，因為他的隊友踢進了致勝的一球。
Stephanie spent most of the season on the bench, hoping for a chance to play.
Stephanie 大半個賽季都坐在候補席，等待上場的機會。
- substitutes' bench
More explicit about the role of the players seated there
- sidelines
Refers to the area outside the playing field, not the seating itself
文法句型
on the bench
from the bench
come off the bench
用法筆記
'On the bench' means a player is not currently playing. A reserve player who rarely gets into games is informally called a 'benchwarmer.'
常見錯誤
5. The official seat of a judge in a courtroom; also used to refer to the magistrat
法官席
法庭上法官的座位或司法機關
The official seat of a judge in a courtroom; also used to refer to the magistrate presiding over a legal proceeding, the court as an institution, or the legal system of a particular area.
The lawyer addressed the bench with a calm and respectful tone.
律師以平靜而尊敬的語氣向法官席陳述。
address the bench — formal courtroom expression
Judge Aylin had served on the bench for over fifteen years.
Aylin 法官在法官席上任職已超過十五年。
serve on the bench — duration of judicial service
The defense attorney bowed slightly toward the bench before beginning her argument.
辯護律師在開始陳述前，微微向法官席鞠躬。
A decision from the bench is expected later this afternoon.
預計今天下午就會有來自法官席的裁決。
Judge Felix was raised to the bench in 2010 after a long career as a lawyer.
Felix 法官在經歷了漫長的律師生涯後，於 2010 年被任命為法官。
- bar
The legal profession (lawyers) as opposed to the judges (the bench)
文法句型
the bench
address the bench
from the bench
常見錯誤
6. The work of acting as a judge by presiding over court cases, hearing evidence, a
擔任法官
審理案件、主審法庭的法官工作與經歷
The work of acting as a judge by presiding over court cases, hearing evidence, and making legal rulings; the period of time a person spends carrying out this judicial activity.
After twenty years on the bench, Judge Joaquín retired from the high court.
擔任法官二十年後，Joaquín 法官從高等法院退休了。
years on the bench — duration of judicial career
Judge Elena Vasquez's appointment to the bench was praised by legal experts across the country.
Elena Vasquez 法官獲任命為法官，受到全國法律專家的讚揚。
appointment to the bench — formal promotion
Piotr spent the last decade of his career on the bench in the family court.
Piotr 職業生涯的最後十年是在家事法庭擔任法官度過的。
Rachel was the youngest person ever appointed to the bench in that state.
Rachel 是該州有史以來最年輕的法官任命人選。
- judgeship
A formal term for the position, less common in everyday speech
文法句型
the bench
serve on the bench
appointment to the bench
用法筆記
Distinguish from the COURT sense (noun/5): that sense emphasises the physical seat, institution, or collective body of judges; this sense focuses on the day-to-day work and career experience of judging cases. Distinguish from JUDICIAL OFFICE (noun/7): this sense describes the work of presiding over court cases, while noun/7 refers to the rank or title attained through appointment.
7. The formal position, rank, or title of being a judge in a court of law, focusing
就任法官
被任命為法官的職位或頭銜
The formal position, rank, or title of being a judge in a court of law, focusing on the office itself rather than the judicial work performed in it.
After twenty years as a lawyer, Naoko was finally appointed to the bench.
當了二十年律師後，Naoko 終於就任法官了。
passive: be appointed to the bench
Many judges serve on the federal bench for decades before retiring.
許多法官在聯邦法院就任後，任職數十年才退休。
Aarav's reputation as a fair jurist earned him a place on the bench.
Aarav 以公正法律人著稱，因而獲得了就任法官的機會。
The governor appointed Quinn to the bench last spring.
州長去年春天任命 Quinn 就任法官。
文法句型
the bench
be appointed to / be raised to the bench
用法筆記
Often used with a definite article — 'the bench.' This sense describes the abstract office or title (e.g., being appointed to the bench), not the work of presiding over cases (noun/6).
常見錯誤
8. the moment when a judge enters a courtroom to begin official proceedings.
開庭
法官正式開始法庭程序
the moment when a judge enters a courtroom to begin official proceedings.
The judge took the bench promptly at nine o'clock.
法官在九點整準時開庭。
collocation: took the bench
Everyone in the courtroom stood when the judge took the bench.
法官開庭時，法庭內所有人都起立。
Femi watched nervously as the magistrate took the bench for the hearing.
Femi 緊張地看著治安法官開庭進行聽證。
The trial was delayed because the judge could not take the bench until noon.
審判延遲了，因為法官要到中午才能開庭。
- open court
can be used as a noun phrase for the same concept, but less specific to the judge's action
- call the court to order
a procedural alternative that focuses on formal announcement rather than sitting down
- adjourn
opposite direction — ending a court session rather than beginning it
文法句型
take the bench
用法筆記
Always used with the verb 'take' as object — 'take the bench.' Not used with other verbs such as 'sit on' or 'approach.'
常見錯誤
9. the seats where members of the UK Parliament sit; by extension, the group of pol
議員席位
英國國會議員的座位
the seats where members of the UK Parliament sit; by extension, the group of politicians who sit in a particular part of the chamber.
The government benches of the House of Commons were nearly full.
下議院的執政黨席位幾乎坐滿了。
collocation: government benches
The opposition benches erupted in loud applause after the speech.
演說結束後，反對黨席位爆出熱烈掌聲。
Lucía watched MPs argue from the public gallery above the benches.
Lucía 從席位上方的旁聽席觀看議員們辯論。
Backbench members rarely speak during major debates in Parliament.
後排議員在國會重大辯論中很少發言。
- seat
a more general term; 'bench' in this sense implies the political grouping of the member
- frontbench
specifically the front row seats reserved for party leaders and ministers
文法句型
the [position] benches
backbench / frontbench as modifier
用法筆記
Usually appears in a compound: 'government benches,' 'opposition benches,' 'backbench,' 'frontbench.' Capitalised in formal UK parliamentary writing.
常見錯誤
10. a narrow, flat area of land that breaks the slope of a hill or mountain, often f
台地；階地
山坡上平坦的狹長地帶
a narrow, flat area of land that breaks the slope of a hill or mountain, often formed by erosion or human excavation.
An ancient river bench ran along the side of the valley.
一條古老的河岸階地沿著山谷延伸。
collocation: river bench
Farmers built small walls to hold soil on a rocky bench.
農民砌起小牆來固定岩石台地上的土壤。
The hikers stopped to rest on a narrow bench of flat ground.
登山者在狹窄的平坦台地上停下來休息。
Mining crews cut a bench into the hillside to reach the coal seam.
礦工們在山坡上開鑿出一層階地以到達煤層。
A wide bench of grassland separated the vineyard from the river below.
一片寬闊的草地台地將葡萄園與下方的河流隔開。
文法句型
bench of [land/river/rock]
a river bench
用法筆記
A technical term used in geography, archaeology, and mining. Less common in everyday conversation.