off
off — 動詞
1. to take the life of a person on purpose, usually as part of a violent or crimina
幹掉；殺掉
故意把某人殺死的俚語說法
to take the life of a person on purpose, usually as part of a violent or criminal act.
In the final scene, the masked villain offs the detective with a single shot.
在最後一幕，蒙面反派一槍幹掉了那名警探。
off + somebody for killing in a story
The gang offed two rival members behind an old warehouse near the docks.
那個幫派在碼頭附近的舊倉庫後面殺掉了兩名敵對成員。
transitive: off + person object
Detective Ramos believed the boss had ordered someone to off the witness before the trial.
Ramos 警探相信老大已經下令在開庭前幹掉那名證人。
Marcus joked that his brother would off him if the secret ever got out.
Marcus 開玩笑說，如果秘密被洩漏出去，他哥哥會殺了他。
Two characters get offed in the very first chapter of the novel.
小說的第一章就有兩個角色被幹掉了。
文法句型
off + somebody
用法筆記
Strongly informal and slang; common in crime fiction, films, and casual speech but inappropriate in formal or news writing. Object is almost always a person, and the killing is usually deliberate.
常見錯誤
off — 名詞
1. the moment when a person or vehicle sets out and leaves a place, often used to t
出發
啟程離開的瞬間
the moment when a person or vehicle sets out and leaves a place, often used to talk about beginning a journey.
Sophie waved from the door as the coach made its off toward London.
蘇菲站在門口揮手，遊覽車隨即出發前往倫敦。
preceded by 'the'; refers to a departure moment
The taxi driver checked the map one last time before the off.
計程車司機在出發前再看一次地圖。
fixed pattern: 'before the off'
Grandpa hugged each child tightly just before the off to the airport.
前往機場出發前，爺爺緊緊抱了每個孫子。
Ready for the off, Marcus loaded his suitcase into the boot.
馬可斯準備出發，把行李箱放進後車廂。
- arrival
the moment of reaching a place rather than leaving one
文法句型
the off
用法筆記
Almost always appears as 'the off' with a definite article. Common in British English in phrases like 'ready for the off' or 'before the off'.
常見錯誤
2. the very start of a race, game, or activity, especially used in the phrase 'from
一開始
比賽或活動最開頭的那一刻
the very start of a race, game, or activity, especially used in the phrase 'from the off' to mean right from the moment something begins.
Lina took the lead from the off and never let any rival catch her.
莉娜從一開始就領先，沒讓任何對手追上。
fixed phrase: 'from the off' = from the very start
The horses were nervous and one bolted just before the off.
馬匹很緊張，其中一隻在起跑前就衝了出去。
racing context: 'before the off' = before the starting signal
From the off, the new manager pushed his players to train harder each day.
新教練從一開始就要求球員每天更努力訓練。
Diego struggled with the language from the off but improved by the second month.
迪亞哥一開始很不適應語言，但第二個月就有進步。
- finish
the closing moment rather than the opening one
文法句型
from the off
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this sense centres on the starting point of a contest or activity, while sense 1 centres on physical leaving. Most common in 'from the off'.
常見錯誤
3. in the sport of cricket, the half of the playing area that lies in front of the
攻擊側
板球場上打者面前的那一側
in the sport of cricket, the half of the playing area that lies in front of the batter as they stand ready to hit the ball; the side opposite the leg side.
The young batter drove the ball cleanly through the off for a boundary.
年輕打者把球乾淨利落地擊向攻擊側，得到一次邊界分。
collocation: 'through the off'
Captain Patel placed two fielders deep on the off to stop easy runs.
派特爾隊長在攻擊側深處安排兩名外野手，防止輕鬆得分。
collocation: 'on the off'
Most of his shots that afternoon went to the off rather than the leg side.
他那天下午多數的擊球都落在攻擊側，而不是防守側。
The bowler aimed each delivery just outside the off to tempt a wild swing.
投球手每次都把球瞄向攻擊側外緣，引誘打者亂揮。
- off side
fuller form of the same cricket term; interchangeable in match commentary
文法句型
on the off
用法筆記
Cricket-specific term, almost always uncountable and used with 'the'. The mirror-image side is called the 'leg' or 'leg side'. The exact location flips depending on whether the batter is right- or left-handed.
常見錯誤
off — 形容詞
1. used after a verb to say that a planned meeting, match, party, or similar event
取消的
原本安排的活動已不舉行
used after a verb to say that a planned meeting, match, party, or similar event will no longer take place because someone has decided to cancel it.
Élise told the guests that the wedding was off because the bride had changed her mind.
Élise 告訴賓客，新娘改變心意，所以婚禮取消了。
predicative: be off after a verb of communication
The football match between the two schools is off after heavy snow buried the pitch.
兩所學校之間的足球賽因為大雪掩埋了球場而取消。
subject = an arranged event (match)
Linda phoned at lunchtime to tell me that our trip to Kyoto was off.
Linda 中午打來告訴我，我們的京都之旅取消了。
The deal between the two companies was suddenly off after the boss refused to sign.
兩家公司之間的協議在老闆拒絕簽字後突然喊停。
If the rain keeps falling, the village fair on Saturday will be off.
如果雨繼續下，週六的村莊園遊會就會取消。
- cancelled
more formal and used in writing; 'off' is the spoken everyday word
- called off
verb phrase that describes the action; 'off' as adjective describes the resulting state
- on
the natural opposite — 'the wedding is on' means it will go ahead as planned
文法句型
be off
the [event] is off
用法筆記
Subject is almost always a planned event (wedding, match, deal, party, trip). Used predicatively after 'be' or verbs of reporting like 'tell' or 'say'; never placed before a noun.
常見錯誤
2. used after words like 'well', 'badly', 'better', or 'worse' to describe how much
境況……的
金錢或處境上比別人好或差
used after words like 'well', 'badly', 'better', or 'worse' to describe how much money someone has, or how good their general situation is compared with other people.
The Patel family is quite well off and owns a large house near the lake.
Patel 一家相當富裕，在湖邊擁有一棟大房子。
well off = having plenty of money
Many older people are badly off because their pensions barely cover the rent.
許多年長者經濟拮据，因為退休金幾乎付不起房租。
badly off = short of money
Carla felt she was better off after she moved to a smaller flat in the suburbs.
Carla 搬到郊區較小的公寓後，覺得自己處境變好了。
Workers will be worse off if the new tax law passes next year.
如果新稅法明年通過，勞工的處境會變得更差。
How well off are the farmers in this valley compared with those by the coast?
這個山谷裡的農夫，跟海岸邊的相比，過得有多寬裕？
- well off / badly off
the two ends form their own internal opposition within this sense
文法句型
be well off
be badly off
be better off
be worse off
用法筆記
Always preceded by an adverb of degree like 'well', 'badly', 'better', 'worse', or 'how'. Without that adverb the meaning collapses, so this sense never appears bare. Distinguish from sense 1 (cancelled) by checking for that adverbial pair.
常見錯誤
3. less good than the level you usually reach or than what people expect — used abo
失常的
表現低於平常的水準
less good than the level you usually reach or than what people expect — used about a player's performance, a singer's voice, sales figures, or a person's general form on a particular day.
The goalkeeper was clearly off during Sunday's match and let in three easy shots.
守門員週日比賽明顯失常，被輕鬆射進三球。
subject = performer; predicative
Sales at the bakery have been off all winter, and the owner is worried about closing.
麵包店整個冬天的銷售都低迷，老闆擔心要關門。
subject = numbers / sales
Maya's serve was a little off in the third set, so she lost two break points.
Maya 在第三盤的發球有點走樣，因此丟了兩個破發點。
The pianist admitted that his timing felt off during the quiet middle section.
鋼琴家承認在安靜的中段，他的節奏有點不穩。
Attendance figures at the museum were noticeably off after the ticket price went up.
票價調漲後，博物館的入場人數明顯下滑。
- on form
performing at one's best — the natural opposite for a player or singer
文法句型
be off
[performance] is off
用法筆記
Subject is typically a performance, a skill, a number, or the person displaying that skill. Often softened with 'a bit', 'a little', or 'slightly'. Distinguish from sense 1 (cancelled): here the activity still happens, it just goes worse than usual.
常見錯誤
4. no longer safe or pleasant for someone to swallow, because the item has been kep
壞掉的
食物或飲料變質不能吃
no longer safe or pleasant for someone to swallow, because the item has been kept too long and has started to smell, taste, or look wrong.
Throw out that milk — it has been in the fridge for two weeks and is definitely off.
把那盒牛奶丟掉吧，它在冰箱裡放兩週，已經壞掉了。
predicative: be off; food subject
The chicken smelled off the moment Hana opened the packet, so she binned it.
Hana 一打開包裝，雞肉就有怪味，所以她把它丟了。
collocation: smell off
The yogurt tastes a bit off, but the date on the lid says it is still fine.
優格嚐起來有點怪，但蓋子上的日期說它還沒過期。
We poured the wine down the sink because it was clearly off after the long flight.
我們把酒倒進水槽，因為長途飛行後它顯然已經壞了。
If the eggs are off, you will know the second you crack one into the bowl.
如果蛋壞了，你一打進碗裡馬上就會發現。
- fresh
the everyday opposite for food and drink
文法句型
go off
be off
smell off
taste off
用法筆記
Subject must be food or drink. Frequently paired with sensory verbs like 'smell', 'taste', or 'look' as a copular complement. The phrase 'go off' is the dynamic version meaning the food turns bad over time.
常見錯誤
5. used about a dish on a restaurant menu when the kitchen has run out of it, so cu
賣完的
餐廳今日某道菜已售完
used about a dish on a restaurant menu when the kitchen has run out of it, so customers cannot order it for the rest of that day.
The waiter apologised and explained that the lamb stew was off this evening.
服務生道歉並解釋說，今晚的燉羊肉已經賣完了。
predicative; subject = menu dish
Sorry, the seafood pasta is off — would you like to choose something else from the menu?
抱歉，海鮮義大利麵賣完了，您要不要從菜單挑別的？
spoken pattern in a restaurant
Two of the desserts were already off by the time Daniel arrived for dinner at nine.
Daniel 九點到餐廳吃晚餐時，已經有兩道甜點賣完了。
Whenever the fresh tuna sells out, the chef writes a note saying that the dish is off.
新鮮鮪魚一賣光，主廚就會貼紙條說那道菜今天沒了。
I was looking forward to the duck, but the waitress said it was off tonight.
我本來想點鴨肉，但服務生說今晚已經賣完。
- sold out
very close; works in shops too, while 'off' in this sense lives mainly in restaurants
- unavailable
more formal and broader; restaurants prefer the short word 'off'
- available
general opposite; in a restaurant context 'on' is sometimes used informally
文法句型
be off
the [dish] is off
用法筆記
Subject is the name of a dish or menu item, not the restaurant or the customer. Distinguish from sense 4 (gone bad): sense 5 means the kitchen has none left, while sense 4 means the food itself is spoiled.
常見錯誤
6. behaving in a cold or unfriendly way that ignores how other people might feel —
失禮的
態度冷淡或不顧他人感受
behaving in a cold or unfriendly way that ignores how other people might feel — often used by British speakers about a remark or action that crosses the line of politeness.
The shop assistant was really off with Grandma when she asked for a refund on the kettle.
奶奶要求把水壺退錢時，店員的態度真的很差。
pattern: be off with someone
Cancelling the dinner by text two hours before was a bit off, in Olivia's opinion.
在 Olivia 看來，提前兩小時用簡訊取消晚餐有點失禮。
collocation: a bit off (about behaviour)
Tom thought it was off of his neighbour to play loud music at three in the morning.
Tom 認為鄰居凌晨三點放大聲音樂的行為很不妥。
Laughing at her accent in the meeting was off and several colleagues complained.
在會議上嘲笑她的口音是失禮的，好幾位同事都抱怨了。
Don't you think it was a little off to leave the party without thanking the host?
你不覺得離開派對時沒向主人道謝，有點失禮嗎？
- rude
stronger and more direct; 'off' is gentler British understatement
- unfriendly
close in tone; 'off' adds a sense that a polite line was crossed
- polite
natural opposite, especially in British social use
文法句型
be off with someone
[behaviour] is a bit off
用法筆記
Mainly British informal English. Often softened with 'a bit', 'a little', or 'rather'. Subject can be a person ('he was off with me') or a piece of behaviour ('that comment was off'). Distinguish from senses 4 and 5, which need a food subject.
常見錯誤
off — 縮寫
1. a written short form of the words 'office', 'officer', or 'official', used mainl
辦公室；官員
辦公室、官員或公務員的書面縮寫
a written short form of the words 'office', 'officer', or 'official', used mainly in directories, military lists, name plates, and government records to save space.
The directory listed Captain Singh as 'Comm. Off.' next to his unit number.
名冊上把 Singh 上尉登記為「Comm. Off.」，旁邊附上他的部隊編號。
abbreviation in a military directory entry
Maya saw 'Post Off.' printed above the door of the small village building.
Maya 看見村裡那棟小建築物的門上印著「Post Off.」。
abbreviation on a building sign
Each name plate in the corridor showed a title shortened to 'Off.' for space.
走廊上每塊名牌的職稱都縮寫成「Off.」以節省空間。
The school staff list wrote 'Att. Off.' beside Mr. Chen, the attendance officer.
學校的職員名單在陳老師旁邊寫著「Att. Off.」，意思是出席事務專員。
用法筆記
Almost always written, not spoken. Readers must rely on context (directory, sign, government list) to decide whether 'Off.' stands for 'office', 'officer', or 'official'.
常見錯誤
off — 副詞
1. moving or located some distance from a place, person, or moment in time, typical
離開；離去
從某地、某位置或某時刻往外移動
moving or located some distance from a place, person, or moment in time, typically leaving where you are now.
Marcus waved goodbye and ran off down the street to catch the bus.
Marcus 揮手道別，沿著街道跑開去趕公車。
verb + off + direction phrase
The Watanabe family is off to Kyoto next weekend for a short holiday.
Watanabe 一家下週末要去京都做短期旅行。
be + off + to + destination
Lina drove off before her sister could finish saying goodbye.
Lina 還沒等姐姐把再見說完就開車離開了。
The exam is still three weeks off, so there is plenty of time to study.
考試還有三週才到，所以還有很多時間可以複習。
Carlos hurried off to the station after he heard the siren.
Carlos 一聽到警報聲就趕緊往車站方向跑去了。
文法句型
verb + off
off + to + place
用法筆記
Often follows verbs of motion (run, drive, walk, hurry, set). With a time noun, the meaning shifts to 'in the future': 'two days off', 'a month off'.
常見錯誤
2. describing the action of taking one thing away from the surface of another, or o
脫下；剝落
把某物從另一物表面拿開或脫離
describing the action of taking one thing away from the surface of another, or of one thing coming loose from another.
Maya wiped the dust off with a damp cloth before painting the shelf.
Maya 在油漆架子前用濕布把灰塵擦掉。
wipe + off (clean by removal)
Please take your shoes off before you walk on the new carpet.
請先把鞋子脫掉，再走到新地毯上。
take + [clothing] + off
A button fell off Marcus's coat while he was running for the train.
Marcus 趕火車的時候，外套上掉了一顆鈕扣。
The old paint was peeling off the wooden window frame in long strips.
舊油漆從木頭窗框上一條一條地剝落下來。
Lina pulled the price tag off the new shirt and put it in the drawer.
Lina 把新襯衫的價格牌撕下來，然後放進抽屜裡。
- away
for separation, but less natural with clothing or labels
- on
the opposite for clothing and surfaces ('put it on' / 'take it off')
文法句型
verb + off
take/pull/wipe + something + off
用法筆記
Pairs with verbs like take, pull, wipe, peel, fall, come, scrape. The thing removed is the object; the surface it leaves is often introduced by a following 'off [the surface]' (sense overlaps with the preposition use).
常見錯誤
3. describing a machine, light, tap, or similar device that has been switched so th
關閉；停轉
機器、燈或開關處於不運作的狀態
describing a machine, light, tap, or similar device that has been switched so that it stops working or producing power.
Carlos turned the lights off before leaving the office for the night.
Carlos 晚上下班前把辦公室的燈都關掉了。
turn + something + off
The heating goes off automatically at eleven every night to save energy.
暖氣每晚十一點會自動關閉，以便節省能源。
go + off (= stop running)
Dr. Tanaka asked the children to switch their phones off during the lesson.
Tanaka 醫師請孩子們上課時把手機關機。
The tap was still off, so no water came out when Maya tried the sink.
水龍頭還是關著的，所以 Maya 試著用水槽時水沒流出來。
Please make sure the oven is off before you leave the kitchen.
離開廚房之前，請務必確認烤箱已經關了。
- out
used for fires and lights ('the fire is out'), not machines
- on
the standard opposite for devices, lights, and taps
文法句型
be + off
turn/switch + something + off
用法筆記
Often paired with 'turn / switch / shut'. Note: 'go off' in this sense means 'stop running'; with alarms or bombs it means 'start ringing' or 'explode' — context decides which.
常見錯誤
4. by an amount that is subtracted from what something normally costs, making it ch
減價；折扣
從原價中扣掉一定金額或比例
by an amount that is subtracted from what something normally costs, making it cheaper than the usual price.
The bookshop is offering twenty percent off all hardback novels this week.
這家書店本週所有精裝小說一律打八折。
[percent] + off + [item]
Lina got five dollars off the jacket because of a small mark on the sleeve.
因為袖子上有一個小污漬，Lina 買那件外套便宜了五美元。
get + [amount] + off + [item]
With this coupon you can take three euros off your next coffee order.
用這張優惠券，下一杯咖啡可以折抵三歐元。
The shop took ten pounds off the printer because it was the last one in stock.
因為是最後一台庫存，店家把那台印表機降了十英鎊。
Members of the gym get fifteen percent off all classes booked online.
健身房會員上網預約所有課程都享有八五折。
- discount
noun, used differently: 'a 20% discount' = '20% off'
文法句型
[amount] + off
[percent] + off
用法筆記
The amount comes before 'off' (10% off, $5 off), and the item or total comes after 'off'. Common with verbs 'get', 'take', 'have', and on signs in shops.
常見錯誤
5. during a period when you are not doing your job, usually because you are sick, o
休假；不上班
在不需要工作的時間裡
during a period when you are not doing your job, usually because you are sick, on holiday, or simply not scheduled.
Marcus has Friday off this week so he can drive his mother to the hospital.
Marcus 這週五休假，這樣他可以開車載媽媽去醫院。
have + [day] + off
Maya is taking two weeks off in August to visit her grandparents in Taipei.
Maya 八月要請兩週的假，回台北看祖父母。
take + [time] + off
Dr. Tanaka was off yesterday because she had a bad cold.
Tanaka 醫師昨天因為重感冒沒上班。
Most teachers get the whole summer off, but they often plan lessons at home.
大部分老師整個暑假都不用上班，但常常在家備課。
Carlos asked his boss for the afternoon off to attend his daughter's school play.
Carlos 向老闆請了一個下午的假，去看女兒的學校話劇。
- away
softer; can also mean physically not present (travelling)
- on
informal: 'I'm on tomorrow' = scheduled to work
文法句型
have + [time] + off
take + [time] + off
be + off
用法筆記
Pattern: '[time period] + off'. Often used with 'have', 'take', 'get', 'be'. The time can be a day, week, afternoon, or longer holiday.
常見錯誤
6. in a way that divides one part from another or keeps something apart, often usin
隔開；分隔
用線、牆或其他界線把某區隔開
in a way that divides one part from another or keeps something apart, often using a wall, rope, line, or barrier.
The police roped off the corner where the accident happened so traffic could pass.
警察用繩子把車禍發生的轉角圍起來，好讓其他車輛通行。
rope + off + area
A low wooden fence sections off the children's play area from the main garden.
一道矮木欄把兒童遊戲區與主花園隔開來。
section + off + area
Maya cut a small piece off the cake and gave it to her younger brother.
Maya 從蛋糕上切了一小塊，分給弟弟吃。
The gardener marked off a square of soil where the new tomatoes would grow.
園丁在土上劃出一塊方形區域，準備種新的番茄。
Workers walled off the back room while they painted the rest of the cafe.
工人把咖啡廳後面的房間圍起來，先粉刷其他區域。
- apart
describes the result; 'off' describes the action of separating
文法句型
verb + off
block/wall/fence + off
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2 (REMOVED): sense 2 means a thing comes away from a surface; sense 6 means a region or piece is set apart from a larger whole, usually as a deliberate division. Common with rope, fence, wall, mark, cut, section, block.
常見錯誤
7. to the point where nothing is left, because every bit has been used, eaten, sold
用盡；殆盡
把某物用光、吃光或使其全部消滅
to the point where nothing is left, because every bit has been used, eaten, sold, or because every living thing has died.
The hungry kids polished off three large pizzas in under twenty minutes.
幾個餓壞的孩子在二十分鐘內就把三個大披薩吃個精光。
polish + off: finish food completely
A long drought killed off most of the apple trees in Grandpa's orchard.
長期的乾旱讓爺爺果園裡大部分的蘋果樹全都枯死了。
kill + off: wipe out a population entirely
Maya finally paid off her student loan after eight years of saving.
Maya 存了八年錢，終於把學貸完全還清。
The bakery sold off the last six loaves at half price before closing.
麵包店打烊前以半價把最後六條吐司全部出清。
Cold winters had wiped off the small fishing village by the year 1850.
寒冷的冬天在 1850 年前讓那座小漁村徹底消失。
文法句型
verb + off (resultative, often after kill, finish, eat, drink, sell, pay)
用法筆記
Almost always glued to a verb (polish off, finish off, kill off, pay off, sell off) rather than standing alone. Distinguish from sense 6 (SEPARATED): here the object is consumed or eliminated, not detached.
常見錯誤
8. in a way that pushes something unwanted away from yourself — a worry, a cold, a
擺脫；甩掉
把令自己困擾的東西推開或除掉
in a way that pushes something unwanted away from yourself — a worry, a cold, a habit, or even an old item — so it no longer affects you.
Lina shook off the bad mood by going for a long walk in the park.
Lina 到公園長走一段路，把壞心情甩掉了。
shake + off: rid yourself of a feeling
Marcus tried to sleep off his headache before the evening meeting.
Marcus 想在晚上開會前睡一覺把頭痛趕走。
sleep + off: get rid of an ailment by sleeping
The runner could not throw off the cough she had picked up in March.
那位跑者怎麼也擺脫不了三月得到的咳嗽。
After the divorce, Aunt Rosa cast off her old wedding photos and started fresh.
離婚後，Rosa 阿姨丟掉了舊的婚紗照，重新開始生活。
A hot shower helped Carlos work off the stress of the long shift.
洗個熱水澡幫 Carlos 紓解了長班的壓力。
- away
'away' as in 'wish away', 'walk away from' — also signals removal, but 'off' implies the thing was clinging to you.
文法句型
verb + off + object (e.g. throw off, shake off, cast off, sleep off)
用法筆記
Subject is the person bothered by the unwanted thing; object is the thing being shed (a feeling, illness, debt-like burden, or possession). Distinguish from sense 7: sense 7 finishes things by using them up, while sense 8 pushes things away because they bother you.
常見錯誤
9. tacked onto an everyday activity verb to spontaneously coin the name of a one-of
尬；PK
臨時造詞用的玩鬧對尬後綴
tacked onto an everyday activity verb to spontaneously coin the name of a one-off, informal showdown between specific rivals — usually playful and invented on the spot, like a sing-off between two friends or a rap-off at a party.
The two food bloggers settled their argument with a noodle-off at Saturday's street fair.
兩位美食部落客在週六的街頭市集以一場麵食對尬化解爭吵。
ad-hoc coinage: noodle-off invented for one occasion
Maya and her cousin staged a sing-off in the kitchen after their grandmother dared them.
祖母一聲挑釁後，Maya 和她表妹在廚房來了一場歌唱 PK。
playful nonce-form: sing-off between named rivals
Carlos and Daniel turned a quiet evening into a chess-off that lasted past midnight.
Carlos 和 Daniel 把一個安靜的夜晚變成一場熬到半夜的西洋棋對尬。
Whenever Lina visits, she and her uncle have a karaoke-off in the living room.
Lina 每次回來，都會和叔叔在客廳來一場卡拉 OK 大尬唱。
The two cousins ended every family party with a rap-off near the speakers.
兩個堂兄弟每次家族聚會結束前，都會在喇叭旁來一場饒舌對尬。
文法句型
noun + -off (e.g. cook-off, dance-off, bake-off, run-off)
用法筆記
Productive nonce-suffix attached to a fresh activity verb to coin a one-time, informal contest between named rivals (sing-off, rap-off, karaoke-off, noodle-off). Distinguish from noun combining form/1, which covers the small set of fully established, dictionary-listed -off nouns (play-off, run-off, face-off, tip-off). Use this sense when the formation is invented on the spot for a specific occasion rather than referring to a standard event.
常見錯誤
off — 名詞構詞成分
1. the second piece of a small set of standard, dictionary-listed compound nouns th
賽；決賽
字典收錄的固定賽事複合詞詞尾
the second piece of a small set of standard, dictionary-listed compound nouns that name a recognised type of organised contest — for example, a play-off in sports, a run-off in elections, a face-off in ice hockey, or a tip-off at the start of a basketball game.
The Lakers reached the play-offs after winning their final two regular-season games.
湖人隊在例行賽最後兩場比賽都贏球，順利打進季後賽。
lexicalized compound: play-off as standard sports term
Neither candidate won a majority, so the state scheduled a run-off for next month.
兩位候選人都未過半，這個州下個月要舉辦第二輪決選。
lexicalized compound: run-off as standard election term
The referee dropped the puck for the face-off at centre ice.
裁判在中場圈把冰球丟下，比賽正式開球。
Marcus glanced at the clock just as the tip-off began at the basketball arena.
Marcus 看了一眼時鐘，籃球館裡的開球剛好開始。
The newspaper ran a long preview of Sunday's stand-off between the two top teams.
報紙花了很長篇幅預覽週日兩支頂尖球隊的對峙戰。
- contest
general noun for any competition; '-off' compounds are a specific type
- showdown
informal; emphasises a final, decisive clash between rivals
- tie-breaker
narrower — only the extra round used to settle a draw
文法句型
[noun/verb] + -off
用法筆記
Use this sense for the established, dictionary-entry compound nouns — play-off, run-off, face-off, tip-off, stand-off. These are fixed terminology in sports, politics, or military contexts and are not invented on the spot. Distinguish from adverb/9, which covers fresh, playful, one-off coinages (sing-off, rap-off, karaoke-off) made up for a specific occasion. If the compound appears as a headword in a standard dictionary, it belongs here.
常見錯誤
off — 介系詞
1. leaving the surface, vehicle, road, or location that something or someone was on
從…離開；下
離開原本接觸的表面、車輛或地點
leaving the surface, vehicle, road, or location that something or someone was on, in, or at.
Maya stepped off the train and waved at her grandmother on the platform.
Maya 走下火車，向月台上的祖母揮手。
step off + vehicle
The cat jumped off the kitchen counter when Marcus opened a tin of tuna.
Marcus 一打開鮪魚罐頭，那隻貓就從廚房流理台上跳了下來。
jump off + surface
Please keep off the grass while the gardeners are planting new flowers.
園丁正在種新花，請勿踩踏草坪。
The lorry skidded off the motorway during the heavy snowstorm last night.
昨晚大雪中，那輛卡車打滑衝出高速公路。
Lina took two days off school after her piano exam in March.
三月鋼琴檢定後，Lina 向學校請了兩天假。
文法句型
off + noun (place / surface / vehicle)
用法筆記
Subject is usually a person, vehicle, or object that was previously on or attached to something physical. Distinguish from sense 2: sense 1 emphasises the location someone leaves, while sense 2 emphasises the action of removing.
常見錯誤
2. showing the source from which something is taken, removed, bought, or stolen — t
從…取下
標示某物被取走、買到或拿走的來源
showing the source from which something is taken, removed, bought, or stolen — that is, the person, place, or thing it was attached to or belonged to.
Carlos cut a small branch off the apple tree for his school project.
Carlos 從蘋果樹上剪下一小段樹枝，要拿去做學校的作業。
cut + thing + off + source
I bought this leather jacket off a friend at the night market last Saturday.
上週六我在夜市向一個朋友買了這件皮夾克。
buy + thing + off + person (informal)
The waiter wiped the spilled juice off Mei-ling's blue silk dress.
服務生把灑出來的果汁從美玲的藍色絲質洋裝上擦掉。
Someone had stolen the wheels off Daniel's bicycle outside the library.
有人把 Daniel 腳踏車的輪子從圖書館外給偷走了。
Grandma peeled the skin off the mango before slicing it into the salad.
外婆把芒果皮削掉後，再把果肉切進沙拉裡。
- from
more formal; preferred in writing for 'borrow / buy / receive from someone'
- onto
the opposite direction of attachment
文法句型
take/buy/borrow + something + off + person/place
用法筆記
Often replaces 'from' in spoken English when the source is a person you got something from ('I borrowed this off my brother'). In writing, 'from' is safer. Distinguish from sense 1: here the focus is on what is removed, not on who or what is moving.
常見錯誤
3. no longer wanting, eating, drinking, or using something that you used to enjoy o
戒掉；不碰
不再吃、喝、用或喜歡某事物
no longer wanting, eating, drinking, or using something that you used to enjoy or depend on, often because you have lost interest, feel ill, or are trying to stop.
Aunt Rosa has been off coffee for three weeks because of her stomach problems.
Rosa 阿姨因為胃不舒服，已經三個禮拜沒喝咖啡了。
be off + food/drink (after illness)
Marcus is finally off cigarettes after smoking a pack a day for ten years.
Marcus 抽了十年、一天一包菸，終於把菸戒掉了。
be off + addictive substance
The toddler has gone off broccoli ever since he tried it at nursery.
那個小男孩自從在幼兒園吃過花椰菜後，就再也不肯吃了。
I think Sophie is off her ex-boyfriend now that she has met someone kinder.
我覺得 Sophie 認識了更體貼的人後，已經對前男友不再有感覺了。
The doctor said Grandpa should stay off salty food until his blood pressure drops.
醫生說在血壓降下來之前，外公應該繼續忌口鹹的食物。
文法句型
be off + noun (food / drug / activity)
go off + noun
用法筆記
Mostly used after 'be', 'go', 'stay', or 'come'. Object is something previously consumed, taken, or liked — food, drink, drugs, or sometimes a person. Common in British English; American speakers often say 'off of' or 'not into' instead.
常見錯誤
4. very close to but not exactly on a road, coast, or main area — usually a short d
在…旁
靠近但稍偏離某條路或主要地點
very close to but not exactly on a road, coast, or main area — usually a short distance to one side of it.
Their tiny bakery sits just off the main square in the old town.
他們的小烘焙坊就位在舊城區主廣場旁的巷子裡。
just off + landmark
The fishing village lies a few kilometres off the southern coast of Taiwan.
那個漁村位於台灣南方海岸外幾公里的地方。
off + coast (small distance from)
Dr. Tanaka's clinic is on a quiet lane right off Zhongshan Road.
田中醫師的診所就在中山路旁一條安靜的小巷裡。
Sailors spotted three small islands off the eastern shore at dawn.
水手們在黎明時看到東岸外有三座小島。
Grandpa's farmhouse is set back off the highway, hidden behind tall pine trees.
外公的農舍離公路有些距離，藏在一排高大的松樹後面。
- on
directly on the road or main line itself
文法句型
just/right off + place noun
用法筆記
Often paired with 'just', 'right', or a measurement ('two miles off'). Works best with roads, coasts, squares, or other linear or large-area landmarks. Don't use for small objects or rooms.