bust
/bʌst/ (bre, ipa) · /bʌst/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈbəst/ (ame, mw)
bust — 名詞
1. the front part of a woman's body where the breasts are, or the distance around h
胸圍；胸部
女性胸部及其圍度測量
the front part of a woman's body where the breasts are, or the distance around her body at that level, used especially when buying clothes.
The tailor measured Sophia's bust before cutting the silk dress.
裁縫師在裁剪那件絲質洋裝之前，先量了 Sophia 的胸圍。
measure + bust collocation
Lina has a 36-inch bust, so she usually orders a medium top.
Lina 的胸圍是 36 吋，所以她通常都買 M 號上衣。
[number]-inch bust pattern
The vintage gown was too tight across the bust for Mei to zip up.
那件復古長禮服在胸部太緊，Mei 拉不上拉鍊。
Most jackets in this shop are made for a smaller bust.
這家店的外套大部分都是給胸圍較小的人穿的。
Aunt Rosa pinned the blouse near the bust to make it fit better.
Aunt Rosa 在胸部附近用別針把襯衫別緊一點，讓它合身。
文法句型
a [number]-inch bust
用法筆記
Used mainly in fashion, tailoring, and clothing-size contexts. Compare with sense noun/2 (sculpture) — same spelling, completely different meaning.
常見錯誤
2. a statue showing only a person's head, neck, and the top of the chest — for exam
半身像；胸像
頭部與肩膀的雕塑作品
a statue showing only a person's head, neck, and the top of the chest — for example, a marble bust of a Roman emperor displayed in a museum.
A marble bust of Beethoven sat on the piano in the music room.
音樂室裡的鋼琴上擺著一座 Beethoven 的大理石半身像。
bust of [famous person] collocation
The museum bought a bronze bust of the queen for two million pounds.
博物館花了兩百萬英鎊買下女王的青銅半身像。
Marcus carved a small clay bust of his grandfather from memory.
Marcus 憑記憶捏出一座祖父的小型陶土半身像。
Dust had gathered on the bust standing beside the library window.
圖書館窗邊那座半身像上已經積了灰塵。
Roman emperors often had busts placed in every public square.
羅馬皇帝常常在每個公共廣場都擺放半身像。
- full-length statue
shows the entire body
文法句型
a bust of [person]
用法筆記
Often paired with the material (marble, bronze, plaster, clay) and the named subject. Distinguish from a full statue, which shows the whole body.
常見錯誤
3. a sudden visit by the police to catch criminals or seize illegal goods, often dr
突擊搜捕
警方臨檢逮捕的單次行動
a sudden visit by the police to catch criminals or seize illegal goods, often drugs — for example, when officers storm a flat at dawn and arrest the people inside.
The drug bust at the warehouse led to thirty arrests overnight.
倉庫的那次毒品搜捕一夜之間逮捕了三十個人。
drug bust collocation
Detective Wu has run more than fifty busts in the south district.
Wu 警官在南區已經帶隊執行過五十多次搜捕行動。
Reporters arrived just after the bust to film the seized cash.
記者在搜捕行動結束後立刻趕到，拍攝被查扣的現金。
The bust uncovered weapons hidden behind a false wall in the basement.
那次搜捕行動在地下室的假牆後查出了一批藏匿的武器。
A small bust at the nightclub turned into a major investigation.
夜店的一場小型臨檢，最後演變成一次大型調查行動。
文法句型
a drug bust
a bust on/at [place]
用法筆記
Informal; common in news headlines and crime reporting. Almost always preceded by an adjective naming the target (drug, gun, gambling, fraud).
常見錯誤
4. something that fails badly and disappoints everyone involved, especially a proje
失敗；泡湯
計畫或活動完全沒成功
something that fails badly and disappoints everyone involved, especially a project, party, or trip that did not work out as hoped.
The Lins' beach holiday was a complete bust because it rained for six days.
Lin 一家的海邊度假整個泡湯，因為連下了六天的雨。
be a (complete) bust pattern
The new dating app turned out to be a total bust for Marcus.
對 Marcus 來說，那個新的交友 App 完全是個失敗。
Sales were so low that the spring launch was a bust.
銷量低到春季新品發表會根本就是一場失敗。
Lina's birthday party was a bust — only three guests showed up.
Lina 的生日派對徹底失敗，只有三個客人出現。
The fishing trip was a bust because the lake had frozen overnight.
那次釣魚之旅泡湯了，因為湖面一夜之間結冰。
文法句型
be a (total/complete) bust
用法筆記
Almost always with the verb 'be' and an adjective like 'total', 'complete', or 'real'. Subject is an event, plan, product, or trip — not a person.
常見錯誤
bust — 動詞
1. to damage or split something by pushing, hitting, or pulling it with force, so t
弄壞；摔破
用力把東西弄到壞掉或裂開
to damage or split something by pushing, hitting, or pulling it with force, so that it stops working or comes apart.
Marcus busted the lock on the shed with a heavy hammer.
Marcus 用一支重鎚把工具棚上的鎖砸壞了。
bust + physical object
Be careful — Lina just busted the screen of her new phone.
小心點──Lina 才剛把她新手機的螢幕弄壞。
The firefighters busted the door open to reach the trapped child.
消防員把門撞開，才能救出受困的孩子。
Sara fell off her bike and busted her front tooth on the pavement.
Sara 從腳踏車上摔下來，把門牙撞斷在人行道上。
Don't let the kids bust the swing by jumping on it together.
別讓孩子們一起跳，把鞦韆給弄壞了。
文法句型
bust + object
bust + open/up
用法筆記
Informal alternative to 'break'. Past tense is usually 'busted' in American English; 'bust' as past form is dialectal. Often paired with particles like 'open' or 'up'.
常見錯誤
2. if police bust someone, they catch and arrest that person, especially for drugs;
突襲查緝
警方突襲並當場逮人
if police bust someone, they catch and arrest that person, especially for drugs; if they bust a place, they enter it suddenly to find evidence and seize the people inside.
Officer Tanaka busted three teenagers for selling cannabis behind the school.
Tanaka 警官在學校後面當場逮到三個賣大麻的青少年。
bust + person + for + offence
Federal agents busted a gambling den hidden above a noodle shop.
聯邦探員突襲了藏在麵店樓上的賭場。
bust + place
Carlos was busted at the airport with two kilos of cocaine in his suitcase.
Carlos 在機場被查到行李箱裡藏著兩公斤古柯鹼，當場被逮。
The drug squad busted the warehouse just before sunrise on Friday.
緝毒小組在週五日出前突襲了那座倉庫。
Lina was scared of getting busted for drinking under age.
Lina 很怕因為未成年喝酒被抓到。
- release
to let someone go free
文法句型
bust + person
bust + place
be busted for + offence
用法筆記
Subject must be police, agents, or another law-enforcement body. Frequently passive: 'get/be busted for + offence'. Compare noun/3, the noun form of the same event.
常見錯誤
3. to punish a soldier or police officer by moving them down to a junior rank or a
降級懲處
把人降到較低軍階以示處罰
to punish a soldier or police officer by moving them down to a junior rank or a smaller role, often after a serious mistake.
The colonel busted Sergeant Lopez to private after the missing-rifle incident.
在步槍遺失事件之後，上校把 Lopez 中士降為二等兵。
bust + person + to + lower rank
Captain Reyes was busted down to lieutenant for insulting a senior officer.
Reyes 上尉因為侮辱長官，被降階為中尉。
passive + 'down to' particle
If you fall asleep on watch one more time, the major will bust you.
你再值班睡著一次，少校就會把你降階。
Two corporals were busted last month for taking bribes from suppliers.
上個月有兩名下士因為收受供應商賄賂被降階。
The chief threatened to bust any officer caught lying in the report.
局長威脅說，任何在報告裡撒謊的警員都會被降級。
- promote
to move someone up to a higher rank
文法句型
bust + somebody + to + lower rank
用法筆記
Used mostly in American military and police settings. The new rank often follows with 'to' or 'down to'. Distinguish from verb/2 — that one means to arrest a civilian, this one means to punish a junior by lowering their rank.
常見錯誤
4. to strike someone with your fist, often on the face or jaw, as a quick and force
揍；猛打
用拳頭重重打人
to strike someone with your fist, often on the face or jaw, as a quick and forceful punch.
Marcus busted the burglar on the jaw and ran for the phone.
Marcus 朝小偷下巴揍了一拳，然後跑去打電話。
bust + person + on + body part
Carlos almost busted his cousin in the nose during the argument.
Carlos 在爭吵中差點朝堂哥的鼻子揍下去。
The boxer busted his rival with a clean right hook in round three.
拳擊手在第三回合用一記乾淨的右勾拳重擊對手。
If you say that again, I'll bust you in the mouth.
你再說一次那句話，我就朝你嘴巴揍下去。
Lina's brother got busted in the eye during the bar fight.
Lina 的哥哥在那場酒吧鬥毆中眼睛被揍到。
文法句型
bust + somebody + on/in + body part
用法筆記
Slangy and aggressive; common in fight scenes, sports talk, and informal threats. Often followed by 'on' or 'in' plus a body part (jaw, nose, mouth, lip).
常見錯誤
bust — 形容詞
1. having no more money to pay debts, so that a business has to shut down or a pers
破產；倒閉
因錢用光而被迫關門
having no more money to pay debts, so that a business has to shut down or a person can no longer afford anything.
The small bakery on Pine Street went bust after only one year.
Pine 街上的那家小麵包店開了一年就倒閉了。
go bust pattern (idiomatic)
Three airlines have gone bust since fuel prices rose last winter.
自從去年冬天油價上漲之後，已經有三家航空公司倒閉。
By the end of the holiday, Marcus was completely bust and had to call his dad.
假期結束時，Marcus 已經完全沒錢，只好打給他爸爸。
The factory owners worried that one more bad season would leave them bust.
工廠老闆擔心再來一個壞季就會讓公司破產。
Lina's startup nearly went bust before a new investor stepped in.
Lina 的新創公司差點倒閉，幸好新的投資人及時出手。
文法句型
go bust
be bust
用法筆記
Predicative only — used after verbs like 'go', 'be', 'leave somebody'. You cannot say 'a bust company'; say 'a company that has gone bust' instead.
常見錯誤
2. of a machine, gadget, or part of the body: damaged so that it no longer works or
壞掉；故障
機器或身體部位無法運作
of a machine, gadget, or part of the body: damaged so that it no longer works or functions normally.
The kettle is bust again — I'll boil water in a saucepan.
熱水壺又壞了──我用平底鍋燒水好了。
be bust = broken (predicative)
Sara's laptop screen has been bust since the train ride.
Sara 的筆電螢幕從那次坐火車之後就一直是壞的。
Marcus thinks his ankle is bust after the football match.
Marcus 覺得自己的腳踝在那場足球賽後扭壞了。
Don't sit on that chair — one of the legs is bust.
別坐那張椅子──其中一隻腳已經壞了。
The coffee machine in the staffroom has been bust for a week.
員工休息室的咖啡機已經壞了一個禮拜了。
- broken
neutral; works in any register and position
- out of order
for public machines and equipment
文法句型
be bust
用法筆記
Predicative only and very informal. In American English, 'busted' is more common in this meaning. Distinguish from adj/1 — this sense is about objects or body parts not working, not about money.