crusading
crusading — 名詞
1. a group of religious military actions that European Christian armies carried out
十字軍東征
中世紀基督教對穆斯林的戰爭
a group of religious military actions that European Christian armies carried out during medieval times to try to seize the Holy Land from Muslim control
Professor Wei's medieval history seminar examined how the Crusades shifted the silk-and-spice trade between Europe and Asia.
魏教授的中世紀歷史研討課探討了十字軍東征如何改變了歐洲與亞洲之間的絲綢與香料貿易路線。
Diego read that thousands of French and English knights left their villages to join the Crusades in the winter of 1147.
Diego 讀到，上千名法國與英國騎士在1147年冬天離開家鄉加入十字軍東征。
the Crusades (plural, historical proper noun)
The British Museum displayed iron broadswords and wooden shields from the Crusades in its 2023 exhibition.
大英博物館在2023年的展覽中展示了十字軍東征時期的鐵製闊劍與木製盾牌。
Ama's high-school textbook described the Crusades as eight major wars driven by religious faith and European power struggles.
Ama 的高中教科書將十字軍東征描述為八場由宗教信仰與歐洲權力鬥爭驅動的重大戰爭。
- holy war
broader term for any war fought for religious reasons, not specific to the medieval Crusades
- military expedition
formal term focusing on the armed journey aspect, used in academic writing
文法句型
the Crusades
a crusade
the crusades
用法筆記
The historical sense is typically capitalised (the Crusades) and used in the plural. Frequently modified by numbers (the First Crusade, the Third Crusade) to refer to specific campaigns.
常見錯誤
2. a determined effort that continues for a long time because the person leading it
長期奮鬥；改革運動
為理念進行的長期奮鬥
a determined effort that continues for a long time because the person leading it cares deeply about the cause
Fatima started a crusade against plastic waste after the local beach became covered in trash.
Fatima 在海灘被垃圾覆蓋後，發起了一場反對塑膠廢棄物的長期奮鬥。
Senator Elena Vasquez's crusade for fairer healthcare funding won support from over 2,000 families in three southern states.
Elena Vasquez 參議員為更公平的醫療經費所發起的長期奮鬥，獲得了南方三州超過兩千個家庭的支持。
crusade for [cause]
Kwame's personal crusade to bring clean water to his village attracted donations from around the world.
Kwame 為家鄉帶來乾淨用水的個人長期奮鬥，吸引了來自世界各地的捐款。
Sophie joined a crusade to save the old library when the city council announced its closure.
Sophie 在市議會宣布關閉老圖書館後，加入了一場拯救圖書館的運動。
Noam published a book in 2022 about his mother's twenty-year crusade for girls' education in rural Kenyan villages.
Noam 在2022年出版了一本關於母親在肯亞農村為女孩教育奮鬥二十年的書。
文法句型
a crusade for [cause]
a crusade against [problem]
a personal crusade
用法筆記
When the cause is positive the pattern is a crusade for [something]; when opposing something use a crusade against [something]. A crusade to [verb] is common with both positive and negative causes. The word suggests strong personal commitment, not just casual support.
常見錯誤
crusading — 動詞
- crusadingpresent simple I / you / we / they
- crusadings3rd person singular
- crusadinging-ing form
- crusadingedpast simple
1. to work hard over a long period of time to achieve a goal that you feel is very
致力推動
長期努力爭取理念
to work hard over a long period of time to achieve a goal that you feel is very important, especially one related to fairness or moral beliefs
Arun crusaded for nearly six years to get the Yamuna River cleaned up after the textile factory closed in 2019.
Arun 花了將近六年的時間致力整治亞穆納河，直到那家紡織廠在2019年關閉為止。
crusaded for [time period]
Reverend Deepa crusaded against child labor and helped send over a hundred children back to school.
Deepa 牧師致力打擊童工問題，幫助超過一百名兒童重返學校。
crusaded against [social problem]
Indian journalist Rosa Nair crusaded for press freedom after the government shut down four independent newspapers in 2021.
印度記者 Rosa Nair 在政府於2021年關閉四家獨立報社後，致力捍衛新聞自由。
Linh crusaded for better street lighting after the accident on that dark corner last winter.
Linh 在那個昏暗的街角發生事故後，致力爭取改善路燈照明。
Lukas crusaded against racial discrimination in housing for five years before Chicago passed the Fair Housing Act in 1968.
Lukas 致力對抗住房歧視長達五年，直到芝加哥於1968年通過公平住房法為止。
文法句型
crusade for [cause]
crusade against [problem]
用法筆記
Intransitive only — always followed by for (positive goal) or against (problem). Not used with a direct object: you crusade for something, not crusade something. The present participle crusading is often used as an adjective before a noun (a crusading journalist, a crusading lawyer).