decentralization
/ˌdiːˌsentrəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌdiːˌsentrələˈzeɪʃn/ (ame, ipa) · /(ˌ)dē-ˌsen-trə-lə-ˈzā-shən/ (ame, mw)
decentralization — 名詞
1. a system or process in which a large organization, government, or company gives
權力下放
中央將權力分配給地方單位
a system or process in which a large organization, government, or company gives some of its authority to make decisions to smaller local groups or regional offices, instead of keeping all control in one central place
After Dr. Okonkwo took over the district health office, decentralization gave her team the power to buy medicine locally.
Dr. Okonkwo 接管地區衛生辦公室後，權力下放讓她的團隊可以自行購買藥品。
decentralization as subject of 'give'
The decentralization of the national railway system allowed each region to set its own ticket prices.
國家鐵路系統的權力下放讓每個地區都能自行制定票價。
decentralization + of + noun phrase
Many voters supported the candidate's promise of decentralization for the country's education system.
許多選民支持候選人對教育體系實施權力下放的承諾。
The company's decentralization meant that branch managers could now decide which products to sell in their stores.
公司的權力下放意味著各分店經理可以自行決定店內要販售哪些商品。
After decentralization, Principal Okafor decided which books her school would buy.
權力下放後，Okafor 校長為學校決定要購買哪些書。
- delegation
focuses on the act of giving tasks to others, rather than a systemic restructuring
- devolution
usually refers to government power being transferred to regional bodies; more formal
- distribution
broader term that can apply to resources, not just authority
- centralization
the opposite process of concentrating power in one place
文法句型
decentralization + of + noun
用法筆記
Usually uncountable. This is the more common sense; when used without context, decentralization typically refers to the sharing of authority rather than geographic movement.
常見錯誤
2. the movement of people, jobs, and businesses away from the central area of a cit
分散遷移
人口與產業從都市往郊區移動
the movement of people, jobs, and businesses away from the central area of a city toward suburbs, smaller towns, or rural regions
The decentralization of factories from the capital to smaller cities created new jobs in those areas.
工廠從首都分散遷移到較小的城市，為那些地區創造了新的就業機會。
decentralization + of + industry/business as subject
Urban decentralization led to the growth of suburbs around many major cities in the 1960s.
1960 年代，都市分散遷移促使許多大城市的郊區不斷擴張。
urban decentralization as modifier + noun
The Watanabe family moved to the suburbs during the decentralization of industry that followed the war.
Watanabe 一家在戰後產業分散遷移的期間搬到了郊區。
The city's plan encouraged the decentralization of businesses by offering lower taxes in outlying districts.
該市的計畫透過在偏遠地區提供較低的稅率來鼓勵企業分散遷移。
Decentralization led the Guo family to leave Taipei and settle in the suburbs.
分散遷移讓 Guo 一家離開台北，搬到郊區定居。
- dispersal
describes the spreading out of people or things; more general
- suburbanization
specifically refers to movement to suburbs
- outward migration
focuses on the population aspect of the movement
- urbanization
the process of population moving into cities
- concentration
opposite of geographic dispersion
文法句型
decentralization + of + noun
用法筆記
In geography and urban studies, this sense is often paired with 'suburbanization'. Distinguish from sense 1 (SHIFT POWER): sense 2 describes a physical movement of people and things, not the sharing of authority.