excl
excl — 縮寫
1. a written short form for 'excluding', 'excluded', or 'exclude' — used in prices,
不含；不包括
書面縮寫，表示不包含在內
a written short form for 'excluding', 'excluded', or 'exclude' — used in prices, lists, invoices, and official documents to show that a particular person or thing is not counted or included in a total
The hotel room costs NT$3,200 per night, excl. breakfast.
這間飯店房間每晚新臺幣3200元，不含早餐。
pattern: [price] excl. [item], showing what is not included
All prices shown on the website are excl. VAT and delivery charges.
網站上顯示的所有價格皆不含增值稅和運費。
passive: prices are excl. [charge]
Excl. the bonus payment, her annual salary comes to NT$900,000.
不含獎金的話，她的年薪為新臺幣90萬元。
initial position: Excl. + noun phrase at start of sentence
The committee has 12 voting members, excl. the chairperson and the secretary.
委員會共有12名有投票權的成員，不含主席和秘書。
Attendance at the conference was 450 people, excl. the exhibition staff.
會議的出席人數為450人，不含展場工作人員。
- excl. tax / VAT / GST
- excl. shipping / delivery / postage
- excl. breakfast / meals
- prices are excl. [item]
- excl. the [role/person]
- excluding
the full word, used in both spoken and written English
- exclusive of
more formal, often used in legal or financial documents
- not including
neutral and clear, common in everyday writing
- not counting
informal, used in casual contexts
- incl.
the opposite abbreviation, meaning 'including' or 'inclusive'
文法句型
[amount/noun] excl. [noun phrase]
Excl. [noun phrase], [clause]
用法筆記
Common in price lists, invoices, meeting notes, and statistical reports. The abbreviation is usually followed by a period (excl.) in formal writing, though the period may be omitted in tables or lists where space is tight. Do not use this abbreviation in spoken English — say the full word 'excluding' instead.