fettered
fettered — 動詞
- fetteredpresent simple I / you / we / they
- fettereds3rd person singular
- fettereding-ing form
- fetterededpast simple
1. to place serious limits on what a person, group, or activity can do, so that pro
束縛；限制
讓人或事的發展受到嚴重限制
to place serious limits on what a person, group, or activity can do, so that progress, freedom, or growth is held back.
Strict new regulations have fettered small bakeries across Kyoto, slowing their growth.
嚴格的新法規束縛了京都各地的小型麵包店，使其發展變慢。
passive-ish active: have fettered + [businesses]
Gabriel felt fettered by family expectations whenever he tried to change careers.
每次想轉換職涯，Gabriel 都覺得自己被家人的期待所束縛。
be fettered by + [abstract noun]
Heavy debt fettered the young farmers in Oaxaca for nearly a decade.
沉重的債務束縛了 Oaxaca 的年輕農民將近十年。
The reporter argued that vague laws fetter free speech more than open censorship.
那位記者主張，模糊的法律對言論自由的束縛比公開審查更嚴重。
Amelia refused to let old fears fetter her plans for the new gallery.
Amelia 不願讓過去的恐懼束縛她對新畫廊的計畫。
文法句型
fetter + noun
be fettered by + noun
用法筆記
Subject is usually an abstract force (rules, laws, debt, fear); object is a person, group, or activity. Most often passive ('be fettered by'). Distinguish from sense 2, which is the literal chain meaning.
常見錯誤
2. to fasten chains or metal rings around a prisoner's ankles so that the person ca
上腳鐐
在腳踝套上鐵鏈以防逃走
to fasten chains or metal rings around a prisoner's ankles so that the person cannot walk away from a place.
The medieval guards fettered the prisoners to a stone wall inside the dungeon.
中世紀的守衛將囚犯上腳鐐並鎖在地牢的石牆上。
fetter + [person] + to + [place]
Captured sailors were fettered below deck during the long voyage to Lisbon.
在前往里斯本的漫長航程中，被擄的水手都被上腳鐐關在甲板下。
passive: be fettered + [location adverbial]
Charlotte read how enslaved workers had been fettered each night in the mine.
Charlotte 讀到被奴役的勞工每晚都會在礦坑裡被上腳鐐。
Caleb described a museum painting in which a Roman captive was fettered at the ankles.
Caleb 描述一幅博物館畫作，其中一名羅馬戰俘的腳踝被上了腳鐐。
文法句型
fetter + [person]
fetter [person] to + [place]
用法筆記
Object is a person under detention; the chains are around the ankles, not the wrists. Almost always in historical, literary, or museum-description contexts; use 'handcuff' or 'chain up' for modern scenes.
常見錯誤
fettered — 名詞
1. a heavy metal ring or chain placed around a prisoner's ankles, used to stop the
腳鐐
套在囚犯腳踝上的鐵環或鐵鏈
a heavy metal ring or chain placed around a prisoner's ankles, used to stop the prisoner from walking away.
Iron fetters from the 1700s are still on display in the Bristol harbour museum.
1700 年代的鐵製腳鐐至今仍陳列在布里斯托的港口博物館。
plural: iron fetters
Hana sketched a captive whose fetters had rubbed his ankles raw.
Hana 畫了一名俘虜，他的腳鐐已將腳踝磨破。
fetters had rubbed + [body part]
The escaped servant filed off his fetters with a kitchen knife near the river.
那名逃跑的僕人在河邊用一把廚刀將腳鐐銼斷。
Roman soldiers placed heavy fetters around the captured general's ankles.
羅馬士兵在被擄將軍的腳踝套上沉重的腳鐐。
文法句型
fetters around + [body part]
in fetters
用法筆記
Almost always plural ('fetters'); a single chain on a single ankle is rare. Mostly historical, literary, or museum descriptions; modern equivalents are 'handcuffs', 'leg irons', or 'shackles'.
常見錯誤
2. something — usually a rule, custom, fear, or duty — that holds a person or group
束縛；桎梏
比喻使人無法自由行動的力量
something — usually a rule, custom, fear, or duty — that holds a person or group back from acting freely or growing.
Many young writers in Seoul long to break free from the fetters of tradition.
首爾許多年輕作家渴望掙脫傳統的束縛。
break free from the fetters of + [abstract]
The new mayor promised to remove the fetters of red tape on small businesses.
新任市長承諾要去除繁文縟節加在小型企業身上的束縛。
remove the fetters of + [abstract]
Élise spoke about the fetters of fear that had kept her silent for years.
Élise 談到多年來讓她沉默不語的恐懼束縛。
Strict family rules became the fetters that held Niran back from studying abroad.
嚴格的家規成了束縛 Niran 出國求學的桎梏。
- constraints
everyday formal; same meaning, neutral tone
- shackles
stronger metaphor; suggests violent restriction
- freedom
the state once the fetters are removed
文法句型
the fetters of + [abstract noun]
break free from the fetters of
用法筆記
Almost always plural, and almost always with 'the fetters of + [abstract noun]' or as the object of 'break', 'remove', or 'throw off'. Distinguish from sense 1 (literal chain): if you can replace it with 'limits' or 'restrictions', this is sense 2.