reinforcements
reinforcements — 名詞
1. people, equipment, or supplies sent to support and increase the combat power of
增援部隊
為增強軍事力量而派遣的人員和物資
people, equipment, or supplies sent to support and increase the combat power of a military unit that is already fighting.
Colonel Dario radioed headquarters to request reinforcements as enemy forces advanced on the hill.
Dario 上校發現敵軍逼近山丘，趕緊用無線電向指揮部請求增援。
request reinforcements — ask for military backup
Without fresh reinforcements, Esteban knew his squad could not hold the bridge much longer.
若無新的增援部隊到來，Esteban 知道他的班無法堅守那座橋太久。
The navy sent reinforcements to the damaged warship before the second attack began.
海軍在第二次攻擊開始前向受損軍艦派出了增援部隊。
An armored convoy carrying reinforcements was delayed by a landslide on the mountain road.
一支載滿增援部隊的裝甲車隊因山區道路坍方而延誤。
The general ordered three battalions of reinforcements to move to the front line at dawn.
將軍下令三個營的增援部隊於黎明時分開往前線。
- backup
more general, used in both military and civilian contexts
- support
broader meaning, can refer to any kind of help
- additional troops
specifically about soldiers rather than supplies or equipment
文法句型
reinforcements + verb (plural)
send/call for/request reinforcements
用法筆記
Always used in the plural form when referring to troops, supplies, or equipment sent to support a military force. The singular 'reinforcement' is reserved for senses 2, 3, and 4 (the process or an item that strengthens).
常見錯誤
2. the process of making something stronger, more powerful, or more effective by ad
加強；強化
使事物更強大或更有效的過程
the process of making something stronger, more powerful, or more effective by adding extra support.
Weight training at the gym gives slow but steady reinforcement of your core muscles over several weeks.
在健身房進行重量訓練，能讓你的核心肌群在數週內逐漸獲得強化。
reinforcement of muscles — strengthening through exercise
Brian believes that regular reinforcement of good study habits leads to better exam results.
Brian 認為定期強化良好的讀書習慣能帶來更好的考試成績。
Daily practice provides steady reinforcement of the piano skills you learn each week.
每天練習能持續強化你每週在鋼琴課上學到的技巧。
Playing chess regularly offers excellent reinforcement of strategic thinking skills for players at any level.
定期下棋能有效強化各程度棋手的策略思考能力。
- strengthening
more general, less technical
- consolidation
suggests making something more solid or stable
- weakening
the opposite process, making something less strong
文法句型
reinforcement of + noun
用法筆記
Used in general contexts for the strengthening of physical abilities, skills, habits, or structures through repeated effort or added support. The technical psychology sense of 'positive/negative reinforcement' belongs to sense 5.
常見錯誤
3. something that makes an idea, opinion, or behavior stronger so that it is more l
佐證
用於鞏固想法或行為的事物
something that makes an idea, opinion, or behavior stronger so that it is more likely to continue.
Customer feedback provided strong reinforcement for the store's decision to stay open later.
顧客意見回饋為這家商店延長營業時間的決定提供了有力的佐證。
reinforcement for a decision — evidence supporting a choice
Hiro found powerful reinforcement for his views in a recent study on sleep and memory.
Hiro 發現近期一項關於睡眠與記憶的研究為他的觀點提供了有力的佐證。
The growing sales figures acted as reinforcement for the team's new marketing approach.
持續成長的銷售數字為團隊的新行銷策略提供了佐證。
Ada considered her friend's success story a welcome reinforcement of her own career goals.
Ada 覺得朋友的奮鬥成功故事為她自己的職涯目標提供了有力的佐證。
- confirmation
implies that something is shown to be true or correct
- support
broader, includes emotional and material help
- undermining
weakening or damaging an idea or belief
文法句型
reinforcement for + noun
act as reinforcement
serve as reinforcement
用法筆記
Use the preposition 'for' when the reinforcement supports a decision or opinion, and 'of' when it strengthens a state or quality. The count noun form (as in 'a reinforcement') is less common than the uncountable use in sense 2.
4. a material or part added to a structure or object to prevent damage at a point w
加固材料
增加結構強度的輔助材料
a material or part added to a structure or object to prevent damage at a point where it might break or fail.
Omar checked the steel reinforcement inside the concrete pillars before the pour began.
Omar 在澆灌混凝土之前檢查了柱子內部的鋼筋加固材料。
steel reinforcement — metal bars inside concrete
The old wooden shelf needed metal reinforcement at the corners to hold the heavy books.
那座舊木書架的角落需要加裝金屬加固件才能承載厚重的書籍。
Ife inspected the fiberglass reinforcement on the boat hull before the long voyage.
Ife 在長途航行前檢查了船體的玻璃纖維加固層。
Workers added steel reinforcement bars to the bridge columns to meet the new safety rules.
工人們在橋樑支柱上加裝鋼筋加固條，以符合新的安全規範。
文法句型
steel/concrete/fiberglass reinforcement
reinforcement bar/mesh
用法筆記
Often used with a preceding material noun (steel reinforcement, fiberglass reinforcement). In construction contexts, 'rebar' (short for reinforcing bar) is a common alternative for steel reinforcement bars.
常見錯誤
5. in psychology, a reward or punishment that follows a behavior and makes that beh
增強作用
影響行為重複可能性的刺激
in psychology, a reward or punishment that follows a behavior and makes that behavior more likely or less likely to happen again.
Min used sticker charts as positive reinforcement to help her son finish homework daily.
Min 用集點貼紙表作為正向增強工具，幫助她兒子每天完成作業。
positive reinforcement — reward to encourage desired behavior
In the experiment, rats received food as reinforcement each time they pressed a bar.
在實驗中，老鼠每次按壓控制桿就會獲得食物作為增強。
Sivan studied how negative reinforcement can reduce disruptive behavior in elementary classrooms.
Sivan 研究了負向增強如何能減少國小教室中的干擾行為。
Jessica noticed that social media likes acted as a powerful reinforcement for her posting habits.
Jessica 發現社群媒體的按讚對她的發文習慣產生了強大的增強作用。
- punishment
a consequence designed to decrease a behavior, not increase it
文法句型
positive/negative reinforcement
reinforcement + verb (shapes/increases/decreases)
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2: sense 2 describes the general process of strengthening anything, while sense 5 is a specific technical term in psychology. Psychologists classify two main types: positive reinforcement (adding a pleasant consequence) and negative reinforcement (removing an unpleasant condition). This is NOT the same as punishment, which aims to decrease a behavior.