shoulder
shoulder — 名詞
- shouldersingular
- shouldersplural
1. each of the two joints on either side of your neck that connect your arm to the
肩膀
連接手臂與軀幹的身體部位
each of the two joints on either side of your neck that connect your arm to the main part of your body.
Yara gently touched Daichi's shoulder to get her attention.
Yara 輕輕碰了 Daichi 的肩膀，想引起她的注意。
The doctor asked Christopher to roll his left shoulder forward during the exam.
醫生請 Christopher 在檢查時將左肩向前轉動。
collocation: roll / rotate one's shoulder
Quinn carries her heavy backpack on both shoulders so the weight is even.
Quinn 把沉重的背包分擔在雙肩上，讓重量平均。
After the volleyball match, Heloísa felt a sharp pain in her right shoulder.
排球賽結束後，Heloísa 感到右肩一陣劇痛。
- broad shoulders
- right / left shoulder
- shoulder injury
- shrug one's shoulders
- dislocated shoulder
常見錯誤
2. the part of your back that sits below your neck and lies between your two should
肩背
背部靠近肩膀的上半部分
the part of your back that sits below your neck and lies between your two shoulder blades.
Femi looked back over his shoulder to check if anyone was following.
Femi 回頭越過肩膀看了看有沒有人跟著他。
phrase: look over one's shoulder
A young mother carried the sleeping child high on her shoulder.
一位年輕的母親把睡著的孩子高高扛在肩上。
The rain soaked through the shoulders of Andrew's cotton shirt.
雨水浸濕了 Andrew 棉質襯衫的整個肩背部。
Daichi draped a towel over his bare shoulders after swimming.
Daichi 游完泳後把毛巾披在赤裸的肩背上。
- over one's shoulder
用法筆記
Often used with 'over one's shoulder' to describe looking backward. The plural form 'shoulders' is more common in this sense than the singular.
3. the section on any garment designed to sit on or lie across your shoulder area.
肩部；肩線
衣物覆蓋肩膀的部位
the section on any garment designed to sit on or lie across your shoulder area.
The jacket has padded shoulders that give it a more formal shape.
這件夾克有墊肩，讓整體線條更正式。
collocation: padded shoulders
Nikhil grabbed the shoulders of Élise's coat to help him stand up.
Nikhil 抓住 Élise 外套的肩部，幫他站起來。
These shirt shoulders are cut too narrow for someone with a broad frame.
這件襯衫的肩線對身材寬闊的人來說剪裁太窄了。
The tailor adjusted the shoulder seam so the dress would fit perfectly.
裁縫師調整了洋裝的肩縫，讓它合身。
- shoulder seam
- shoulder pad
- padded shoulders
用法筆記
Often used in tailoring contexts. 'Shoulder seam' and 'shoulder pad' are common compound terms.
4. the curved area on a bottle or similar container where the narrow neck widens in
瓶肩
瓶頸與瓶身之間的弧形部分
the curved area on a bottle or similar container where the narrow neck widens into the main body.
A wine bottle should be filled up to the shoulders for proper storage.
葡萄酒瓶應該裝到瓶肩的位置，才能妥善儲存。
collocation: bottle shoulder / up to the shoulders
The glass bottle has a narrow neck that widens into rounded shoulders.
這個玻璃瓶的細窄瓶頸在瓶肩處逐漸變寬。
Paloma gripped the bottle by its shoulders to pour the olive oil steadily.
Paloma 握住瓶肩，平穩地倒出橄欖油。
The chemist designed the flask with gently sloping shoulders for easier pouring.
化學家設計的燒瓶帶有平緩傾斜的瓶肩，方便倒出液體。
- bottle shoulder
- wine bottle shoulder
用法筆記
A specialised term used mostly in manufacturing, packaging, or wine storage contexts. Learners are more likely to encounter this in product descriptions than in conversation.
5. the burden of responsibility, blame, or duty that someone carries — used in phra
責任
某人所承擔的責任或壓力
the burden of responsibility, blame, or duty that someone carries — used in phrases such as 'on someone's shoulders'.
The success of the school project rests on the shoulders of just two students.
這項學校企劃的成功，落在僅僅兩名學生的肩上。
phrase: rest on sb's shoulders
After the scandal, the manager took the blame on his own shoulders.
醜聞發生後，經理把過錯一肩扛起。
The financial burden of the wedding fell on the shoulders of Ari's parents.
婚禮的財務負擔落在了 Ari 父母身上。
Too much pressure has been placed on the shoulders of young athletes.
年輕運動員肩上承受了太大的壓力。
- on sb's shoulders
- rest on sb's shoulders
- fall on sb's shoulders
- weight on one's shoulders
用法筆記
Almost always used in fixed prepositional phrases ('on someone's shoulders', 'upon someone's shoulders'). The singular 'shoulder' is rare in this sense — the plural 'shoulders' is the standard form.
常見錯誤
6. meat taken from the top portion of the foreleg of an animal, usually prepared as
肩肉
動物前腿上部切下的肉塊
meat taken from the top portion of the foreleg of an animal, usually prepared as a roast or cooked slowly.
We slow-roasted a lamb shoulder for the holiday dinner with herbs and garlic.
我們用香草和大蒜慢烤了一隻羊肩，作為假日晚餐。
collocation: lamb shoulder / pork shoulder / beef shoulder
Pork shoulder is ideal for pulled pork because the meat becomes very tender.
豬肩肉非常適合做手撕豬肉，因為肉質會變得非常軟嫩。
The butcher wrapped the beef shoulder in brown paper and tied it with string.
肉販用棕色紙包好牛肩肉，再用細繩綁緊。
Andrew seasoned the chicken shoulder pieces with salt and pepper before cooking.
Andrew 在烹調前將雞肩肉塊撒上鹽和胡椒調味。
- lamb shoulder
- pork shoulder
- shoulder roast
- shoulder of pork
用法筆記
Commonly paired with animal names: 'lamb shoulder', 'pork shoulder', 'beef shoulder'. Often sold as a roast and associated with slow-cooking methods.
7. the strip beside the traffic lanes on a highway, available for drivers who must
路肩
公路旁供緊急停車的地帶
the strip beside the traffic lanes on a highway, available for drivers who must pull off suddenly when something goes wrong.
When the engine started smoking, Daichi pulled over onto the shoulder safely.
引擎開始冒煙時，Daichi 安全地把車停到路肩上。
phrase: pull over onto the shoulder
Élise parked on the hard shoulder and turned on her hazard lights.
Élise 將車停在硬路肩上，並打開了雙黃燈。
collocation: hard shoulder
Drivers should never stop on the shoulder unless it is an emergency.
除非發生緊急狀況，否則駕駛人不應在路肩停車。
The bicycle lane runs next to the shoulder of the highway for a few miles.
自行車道沿著高速公路的路肩綿延了好幾英里。
- hard shoulder
- soft shoulder
- pull onto the shoulder
- road shoulder
用法筆記
In British English, 'hard shoulder' specifically refers to a paved emergency lane on a motorway. In American English, 'shoulder' is more general and may be unpaved.
cold shoulder
idiombehaviour that is deliberately unfriendly or rude towards someone, as if ignoring them on purpose.
冷落；冷淡對待
After their argument, Quinn gave Nikhil the cold shoulder for the rest of the week.
The new intern felt hurt when the senior staff turned a cold shoulder to her suggestions.
an angry or bitter attitude caused by believing that you have been treated unfairly in the past.
心懷怨恨；記恨
Femi still has a chip on his shoulder about not getting the promotion last year.
Priya still carries a chip on her shoulder because of how the coach treated her during tryouts.
a shoulder to cry on
idioma person who listens to your problems and gives you sympathy and emotional support.
可以傾訴的對象；依靠
When Heloísa's cat died, her sister Yara was a shoulder to cry on.
Everyone needs a shoulder to cry on when life gets difficult.
shoulder to shoulder
idiomphysically very close together, or working together as a united group towards a shared goal.
肩並肩；團結一致
The passengers stood shoulder to shoulder on the crowded morning train.
The nurses worked shoulder to shoulder with the doctors during the emergency.
to feel worried or anxious that something bad might happen to you, especially that someone might be trying to harm you.
提心吊膽；擔心有人找麻煩
After the burglary, Andrew kept looking over his shoulder whenever he came home at night.
The witness has been looking over her shoulder ever since she gave her statement to the police.
to start working very hard and with a lot of effort at a difficult task.
全力以赴；埋頭苦幹
If we all put our shoulders to the wheel, we can finish the roof before the rain comes.
The team put their shoulders to the wheel and completed the project two days early.
rub shoulders with
idiomto meet and spend time with someone, especially someone famous or important, in a social or professional setting.
與（名人）往來；結交
At the film festival, Quinn got to rub shoulders with several well-known directors.
In her job as a journalist, Paloma often rubs shoulders with politicians and diplomats.
in a very direct, honest, and frank manner, even if what is said is critical or unpleasant.
直言不諱；開門見山
The manager told him straight from the shoulder that his work was not good enough.
I appreciate it when a friend speaks straight from the shoulder instead of hiding the truth.
To be clearly much better than someone or something else.
遠勝於
Maya's essay stood head and shoulders above the others in class.
In terms of skill, Diego is head and shoulders above his teammates.
To feel worried that something bad might happen to you.
提心吊膽
After the threat, Brian was looking over his shoulder all week.
Why are you always looking over your shoulder? No one is following you.
To deliberately ignore or be unfriendly to someone.
冷落
Sara gave me the cold shoulder after our argument last week.
Why did you give your cousin the cold shoulder at the party?
To feel angry and offended because of something unfair that happened to you in the past.
心懷怨恨
Min has a chip on his shoulder about not getting the promotion.
She still has a chip on her shoulder from being teased as a child.
To be a sensible and intelligent person.
頭腦清楚
Aiden has a good head on his shoulders and makes wise decisions.
Despite her youth, Maya has a good head on her shoulders.
Used to describe a young person who behaves in a wise and mature way.
少年老成
At just twelve, she has an old head on young shoulders.
Diego is only fifteen but has an old head on young shoulders.
If responsibility or blame is on someone's shoulders, they must accept it.
由某人承擔
The success of the project rests on your shoulders.
The blame for the accident fell on the driver's shoulders.
To meet and spend time with famous or important people.
與名人交往
At the film festival, she rubbed shoulders with famous actors.
Brian rubbed shoulders with several politicians at the charity event.
Standing very close together, often in a line or group.
肩並肩
The fans stood shoulder to shoulder in the crowded stadium.
Soldiers marched shoulder to shoulder down the main street.
shoulder — 動詞
- shoulderpresent simple I / you / we / they
- shoulders3rd person singular
- shouldering-ing form
- shoulderedpast simple
1. to accept or take on a difficult duty, blame, or responsibility, often one that
承擔；肩負
接受困難的責任或責難
to accept or take on a difficult duty, blame, or responsibility, often one that is heavy or unwanted.
As team leader, Heloísa shouldered the blame for the project's failure without complaint.
身為團隊領導，Heloísa 毫無怨言地扛下了專案失敗的責任。
collocation: shoulder the blame
Andrew shoulders the responsibility of caring for his elderly mother and two young children.
Andrew 肩負起照顧年邁母親和兩個年幼孩子的責任。
collocation: shoulder the responsibility
The company agreed to shoulder the full cost of the environmental cleanup.
該公司同意全額負擔環境清理的費用。
collocation: shoulder the cost
No single parent should have to shoulder such a heavy financial burden alone.
沒有任何單親家長應該獨自背負如此沉重的經濟負擔。
- shoulder the blame
- shoulder the responsibility
- shoulder the cost
- shoulder the burden
文法句型
shoulder + noun (responsibility / blame / cost / burden)
用法筆記
This is the most common verb sense of 'shoulder'. It is formal and figurative — you do not literally lift anything. Typical objects are 'blame', 'responsibility', 'cost', 'burden', 'duty'.
常見錯誤
2. to lift and carry something by placing it on one or both of your shoulders.
扛；肩挑
把物品放在肩膀上搬運
to lift and carry something by placing it on one or both of your shoulders.
Quinn shouldered his duffel bag and walked across the platform to catch the train.
Quinn 把行李袋甩到肩上，走過月台去趕火車。
collocation: shoulder a bag / backpack / load
The farmer shouldered a heavy sack of rice and carried it to the waiting truck.
農夫扛起一袋沈重的米，搬到等候的卡車上。
Yara shouldered her camera bag before hiking up the steep mountain trail.
Yara 把相機包掛在肩上，開始攀登陡峭的山路。
A porter at the station shouldered their suitcases and led them to the taxi stand.
車站的搬運工把他們的行李箱扛上肩，帶他們走向計程車招呼站。
- shoulder a bag
- shoulder a load
- shoulder a backpack
文法句型
shoulder + noun (bag / pack / load)
用法筆記
Literal, physical sense — unlike sense 1. Common with luggage, bags, tools, or food sacks. The object is typically something with a strap or a shape that can balance on the shoulder.
3. to push something or someone using your shoulder, especially to force a way thro
推擠；用肩撞
用肩膀推開障礙或穿過人群
to push something or someone using your shoulder, especially to force a way through a crowd or past an obstacle.
Femi shouldered his way through the crowded market to reach the exit.
Femi 用肩膀擠過擁擠的市場，來到出口。
pattern: shoulder one's way through
Ari shouldered the heavy wooden door open and stepped into the dark room.
Ari 用肩膀頂開厚重的木門，走進漆黑的房間。
Eli shouldered past the other passengers, trying not to miss his connecting flight.
Eli 從其他乘客身旁擠過去，深怕錯過轉機航班。
Christopher shouldered the crate aside so that the delivery truck could get through.
Christopher 用肩膀把板條箱推到一旁，讓貨車得以通過。
- shoulder one's way
- shoulder past
- shoulder through
- shoulder aside
文法句型
shoulder + reflexive / way / past / through
shoulder + door / person / object
用法筆記
Often used with a reflexive or directional expression ('shoulder one's way through', 'shoulder past', 'shoulder aside'). The object can be a person, a door, or an obstacle.
shoulder aside
phrasal verbto push someone out of your way using your shoulder, often in a forceful or rude manner.
用肩膀撞開；擠開
A man in a suit shouldered aside an elderly woman to get on the bus first.
The reporter shouldered aside a bystander and ran toward the politician.
shoulder through
phrasal verbto move forward through a crowd or tight space by pushing with your shoulders.
擠過；穿越（人群或狹窄空間）
The paramedics shouldered through the crowd to reach the injured man.
Nikhil shouldered through the narrow doorway carrying a large box.
同根字
- shouldered形容詞B2
- shouldering名詞C1
- broad-shouldered形容詞B2