substantiation

IPA/səbˌstænʃiˈeɪʃn/
KK[səbstˌæntʃiˈeʃən]IPA/səbˌstænʃiˈeɪʃn/

substantiation — 名詞

1. the act of providing facts, evidence, or clear reasoning to show that something

1.名詞C1
釋義

證實

證明某事為真的行為

the act of providing facts, evidence, or clear reasoning to show that something is true or that a claim is valid

例句

The research team offered clear substantiation of their new theory in the published paper.

該研究團隊在發表的論文中，清楚提供了對其新理論的證實。

substantiation + of + noun phrase

The lawyer demanded substantiation for the serious allegations before the hearing began.

聽證會開始前，律師要求對這幾項嚴重的指控提出證實。

demand substantiation for [claim]

同義詞
  • validation

    more general; can refer to confirming correctness rather than proving truth

  • verification

    often used for checking facts or data against a standard

  • corroboration

    specifically means supporting a statement with additional evidence

反義詞

文法句型

substantiation + of + noun

substantiation + for + noun

用法筆記

Almost always uncountable; the plural form substantiations is extremely rare and avoided in formal writing.

常見錯誤

❌The report needs substantiations for all claims.
✅The report needs substantiation for all claims.
💡substantiation is an uncountable noun, so it has no plural form.

2. facts, documents, or other evidence that show a statement or claim to be reliabl

2.名詞C1
釋義

佐證

支持主張的事實或證據

facts, documents, or other evidence that show a statement or claim to be reliable and accurate

例句

The police found no physical substantiation for the witness's account of the robbery.

警方找不到任何具體的佐證來支持目擊者對搶劫案的说法。

find + no + substantiation + for

Amira submitted medical substantiation to support her application for extended sick leave.

Amira 提交了醫療佐證，以支持她的延長病假申請。

medical substantiation

同義詞
  • evidence

    broader and more common in everyday use; substantiation implies formal or documented proof

  • proof

    stronger and more conclusive; substantiation suggests supporting evidence rather than absolute certainty

  • documentation

    focuses on written or recorded materials specifically

文法句型

substantiation + of + noun

substantiation + for + noun

用法筆記

Commonly modified by adjectives such as documentary, medical, historical, physical, or statistical to specify the type of evidence.

常見錯誤

❌Can you show me a substantiation?
✅Can you show me the substantiation?
💡as an uncountable noun, substantiation does not take the indefinite article a.