trained
/treɪnd/ (bre, ipa) · [trˈend] /treɪnd/ (ame, ipa) · [trˈend] /ˈtrān How to pronounce train (audio)/ (ame, mw)
trained — 形容詞
- trainedpositive
- trainedercomparative
- trainedestsuperlative
1. having learned the skills and gained the knowledge needed to perform a specific
受過訓練的
經過學習與練習而具備某種技能或知識的
having learned the skills and gained the knowledge needed to perform a specific type of work or take part in a sport, typically through instruction and repeated practice
The clinic only employs fully trained nurses with at least three years of hospital experience.
這間診所只雇用受過完整訓練的護理師，他們至少有三年醫院經驗。
fully trained + noun (professional role)
A trained eye can spot the difference between a real painting and a copy within seconds.
受過訓練的眼睛能在幾秒鐘內分辨出真畫與複製品之間的差異。
trained eye/nose/ear — body part metaphor for skill
Nkechi adopted a trained dog that could guide people with vision problems.
Nkechi 領養了一隻受過訓練的狗，可以為視力有問題的人帶路。
After six months of classes, Marco is now a trained electrician working for a local company.
經過六個月的課程，Marco 現在是一名受過訓練的電工，在當地一家公司工作。
The rescue team includes specially trained firefighters who know how to handle dangerous materials.
這支救援隊包含受過特殊訓練的消防員，懂得如何處理危險物質。
- qualified
more official — having passed exams or gained a certificate
- experienced
emphasises practical knowledge from doing the work, not just instruction
- skilled
focuses on the ability to do something well, not how the skill was obtained
- untrained
lacking the necessary instruction or practice
- inexperienced
having little practical knowledge of the work
用法筆記
Adjective sense of the past participle; a person who is trained has completed the learning process. Compare with 'in training' (still learning).
常見錯誤
2. in computing, referring to an artificial-intelligence system that has been given
經過訓練的
指人工智慧系統已用大量資料學習過的
in computing, referring to an artificial-intelligence system that has been given a large set of data to learn from so that it can recognise patterns or make decisions on its own
Dr. Sade used a trained model to scan chest X-rays and flag any that showed signs of pneumonia within seconds.
Sade 醫師使用經過訓練的模型掃描胸部 X 光片，在幾秒鐘內標記出任何有肺炎跡象的影像。
trained model — standard ML collocation; concrete medical scenario
The team used a trained algorithm to sort through thousands of customer reviews and find common complaints.
團隊使用經過訓練的演算法來分類數千筆顧客評論，找出常見的抱怨內容。
Emre uploaded new data so the trained system could learn to recognise different bird species by their calls.
Emre 上傳了新資料，讓這個經過訓練的系統可以學習辨識不同鳥種的叫聲。
The trained spam filter kept deleting real customer orders because it had only learned from personal emails, not business messages.
這個經過訓練的垃圾郵件過濾器不斷刪除真正的顧客訂單，因為它只學過個人郵件，而不是商業訊息。
- untrained
an ML system that has not yet been given data to learn from
用法筆記
Common in technical discussions of artificial intelligence and data science. The opposite is 'untrained model' (one not yet fed with learning data).
常見錯誤
trained — 名詞
1. a group of connected carriages or wagons that move along metal tracks, pulled by
火車；列車
在鐵軌上行駛的交通工具，由車廂連結而成
a group of connected carriages or wagons that move along metal tracks, pulled by an engine, used for carrying people or goods
The train from Taipei to Kaohsiung takes about ninety minutes on the high-speed line.
從台北到高雄的火車搭乘高速鐵路大約需要九十分鐘。
train + from [place] to [place]
Aoi missed the last train home and had to take a taxi instead.
Aoi 錯過了最後一班回家的火車，只好改搭計程車。
Freight trains carry coal, grain, and other heavy goods across the country every day.
貨運列車每天載運煤炭、穀物和其他沉重貨物穿越全國。
The children waved excitedly as the toy train circled the track in the park.
孩子們興奮地揮手，看著玩具火車在公園裡的軌道上繞圈。
Passengers are asked to stand behind the yellow line until the train has stopped at the platform.
乘客請站在黃線後方，等候列車完全停靠在月臺。
用法筆記
The most common sense of 'train' as a noun. In British English, the engine is called a 'locomotive'; in American English, 'train' can also refer to the entire railway service.
常見錯誤
2. a line of people, vehicles, or animals moving slowly one behind the other, often
行列；隊伍
人或車輛等一個接一個緩慢前進的行列
a line of people, vehicles, or animals moving slowly one behind the other, often as part of a ceremony or formal occasion
A long train of cars followed the hearse to the cemetery on the morning of the funeral.
葬禮當天早上，一長列的車隊跟在靈車後方前往墓地。
train of [cars/vehicles/people] — procession pattern
The wedding train wound through the old town, with guests throwing flower petals at the couple.
婚禮隊伍蜿蜒穿過舊城區，賓客們向新人撒著花瓣。
A train of camels crossed the desert, each animal carrying heavy bags of salt.
一列駱駝隊伍穿越沙漠，每隻動物都背負著沉重的鹽袋。
Tourists stood on both sides of the street to watch the carnival train pass by.
遊客們站在街道兩旁，觀看嘉年華遊行隊伍經過。
- procession
more general — any formal moving line, not necessarily stretched out
- cortege
formal, used specifically for a funeral procession
- cavalcade
a procession of riders or vehicles, often celebratory
用法筆記
Often used with 'of' to specify what is moving in the line. The word 'cortege' is a formal synonym for a funeral train.
3. a long section of a piece of clothing, a comet, or another object that hangs dow
拖裙；尾部
衣物或彗星等物體向後垂墜或延伸的部分
a long section of a piece of clothing, a comet, or another object that hangs down or stretches out behind it as it moves
The bride's dress had a long white train that stretched four metres behind her as she walked down the aisle.
新娘的禮服有一道長長的白色拖裙，在她步向紅毯時向後延伸了四公尺。
the train of a dress/gown — clothing context
The comet's bright train of gas and dust became visible as it passed near the sun.
彗星明亮的氣體與塵埃尾部在靠近太陽時變得清晰可見。
train of a comet — astronomy context
Lotte asked her friend to hold the train of her evening gown so it would not touch the muddy ground.
Lotte 請朋友幫她提起晚禮服的裙擺，以免沾到泥濘的地面。
The peacock spread its feathers, and the long blue train behind it shimmered in the sunlight.
孔雀展開羽毛，身後長長的藍色尾屏在陽光下閃閃發光。
用法筆記
When referring to clothing, 'train' is most common for wedding dresses and formal gowns. Comet trains are also called 'tails'.
4. a connected sequence of events, actions, or thoughts that follow one after anoth
一連串；系列
連續發生的事件、行動或思緒
a connected sequence of events, actions, or thoughts that follow one after another, often leading to a final result
The accident was caused by a whole train of events that started with a missed safety check.
這場事故是由一連串的事件所引起的，而這串事件始於一次被忽略的安全檢查。
train of events — fixed collocation
Iris could not follow the train of thought in the lecture because the professor jumped between topics.
Iris 無法跟上課堂上的思路，因為教授一直在不同的話題之間跳來跳去。
train of thought — fixed collocation
A train of angry phone calls followed the company's decision to close the local factory.
公司關閉當地工廠的決定引發了一連串憤怒的電話抗議。
The novel describes a train of misfortunes that eventually push the main character to leave her home.
這本小說描述了一連串的不幸，最終迫使主角離開她的家鄉。
Rafael lost his train of thought when someone suddenly knocked on the office door.
有人突然敲辦公室的門，Rafael 的思路就被打斷了。
用法筆記
Very commonly used in the fixed phrases 'train of thought' (the direction of someone's thinking) and 'train of events' (a connected series of happenings). The idea is one thing leading naturally to the next.
常見錯誤
5. a set of linked machine components like wheels, pulleys, or cogs that work toget
齒輪系
一組相連的機械零件，用以傳遞動力或運動
a set of linked machine components like wheels, pulleys, or cogs that work together to carry movement from one section of a device to another
The gear train in this bicycle allows the rider to change speed easily when going up a hill.
這輛自行車的齒輪系讓騎士在上坡時可以輕鬆變速。
gear train — standard engineering term
Minho carefully oiled the train of gears inside the old clock to keep it running smoothly.
Minho 仔細地在舊時鐘內部的齒輪系上油，讓它保持順暢運轉。
A simple train of three pulleys can lift heavy boxes with much less effort than doing it by hand.
由三個滑輪組成的簡單滑輪系可以用比徒手搬運少得多的力氣抬起沉重的箱子。
The engineer designed a new gear train that transfers power from the engine to the wheels more efficiently.
工程師設計了一套新的齒輪系，能更有效率地將動力從引擎傳遞到車輪。
- gear system
less precise — any arrangement of gears
- transmission
refers to the whole mechanism that changes speed and power in a vehicle
用法筆記
Technical term used in engineering and mechanics. Often preceded by a specifying word like 'gear train', 'pulley train', or 'planetary train'.
6. the group of vehicles, soldiers, equipment, and animals that carry food, weapons
輜重隊
為作戰部隊運送補給的人員、車輛與裝備
the group of vehicles, soldiers, equipment, and animals that carry food, weapons, and other supplies to support a fighting unit during military operations
The supply train followed a few kilometres behind the front line, carrying ammunition and food for the soldiers.
補給車隊跟在前線後方幾公里處，運送彈藥和食物給士兵。
supply train / baggage train — standard military term
During the war, the army's train of wagons was guarded by at least fifty armed soldiers day and night.
戰爭期間，軍隊的輜重車隊日夜都有至少五十名武裝士兵看守。
When the bridge was destroyed, the entire military train carrying medical supplies had to find another route.
橋梁被摧毀後，整支載運醫療物資的軍用補給車隊不得不另尋路線。
History books describe how the baggage train of the Roman army included carts for tents, food, and tools.
歷史書籍記載，羅馬軍團的輜重隊包含了運送帳篷、食物和工具的馬車。
- supply column
modern term for the same concept
- baggage train
historical term, specifically for personal equipment and supplies
- convoy
a group of vehicles travelling together for protection
用法筆記
Mostly found in historical or military writing. In modern armies, the same function is usually called a 'supply column' or 'logistics convoy'.
trained — 動詞
- trainedpresent simple I / you / we / they
- traineds3rd person singular
- traineding-ing form
- trainededpast simple
1. to teach a person or animal the skills, knowledge, or behaviour needed for a par
訓練；培訓
教導技能或知識，使其勝任特定工作或活動
to teach a person or animal the skills, knowledge, or behaviour needed for a particular job, sport, or activity through regular instruction and practice
Gabriela trains new employees to use the company's ordering system during their first week.
Gabriela 訓練新進員工在第一週內學會使用公司的訂貨系統。
train + object + to-infinitive
The dogs are trained to detect dangerous substances at airports and border crossings.
這些狗受過訓練，可以在機場和邊境檢查站偵測危險物質。
passive: be trained to + infinitive
Adisa has been training for the city marathon every morning since January.
Adisa 從一月開始每天早上都在為城市馬拉松做訓練。
Takeshi is training as a chef at a famous restaurant in Tokyo.
Takeshi 正在東京一家知名餐廳接受廚師訓練。
The coach trained the team six days a week until they won the national championship.
教練每週六天訓練這支隊伍，直到他們贏得全國冠軍。
- neglect
to fail to give someone the instruction they need
文法句型
train + object + to-infinitive
train + object + in/as/for
train (intransitive) + for
用法筆記
Can be used transitively (train someone) or intransitively (train for something). The transitive pattern 'train someone to do something' is the most common structure.
常見錯誤
2. to make a plant grow in a particular direction or into a particular shape by cut
引導生長
透過修剪、捆綁等方式使植物朝特定方向生長
to make a plant grow in a particular direction or into a particular shape by cutting, tying, or bending its stems and branches
Tanvi trained the rose bush to climb up the wooden fence beside her front door.
Tanvi 引導玫瑰叢沿著前門旁邊的木籬笆攀爬生長。
train + plant + to + direction/preposition
The gardener trained the ivy along the wall of the house, covering the bare bricks with green leaves.
園丁將長春藤沿著房子的牆壁引導生長，讓綠葉覆蓋裸露的磚牆。
Farmers train young grapevines over wire supports so the fruit gets plenty of sunlight.
農民將年輕的葡萄藤引導到鐵絲架上，讓果實獲得充足的陽光。
Tunde trained the bonsai tree into an elegant shape by carefully trimming its branches over several years.
Tunde 花了數年時間仔細修剪枝條，將這棵盆栽引導成優雅的形狀。
文法句型
train + plant + along/up/over/against
用法筆記
Primarily used in gardening and horticulture. The object is always a plant or part of a plant. Common prepositions: 'up', 'along', 'over', 'against', 'around'.
3. to point a gun, camera, light, or similar device directly at a target so that it
瞄準；對準
將槍械、相機或燈光等指向某個目標
to point a gun, camera, light, or similar device directly at a target so that it is aimed correctly
The photographer trained his camera on the eagle's nest and waited for the bird to return.
攝影師將相機對準鷹巢，等待鳥兒回來。
train + camera + on + target
Soldiers trained their rifles at the target during the early morning practice session.
士兵們在清晨的練習課中將步槍瞄準靶標。
Anya trained the torch beam on the dark path ahead so her friend could see where to step.
Anya 將手電筒光束照在黑暗的小徑上，讓朋友能看清腳下的路。
All three security cameras were trained on the entrance to the bank throughout the night.
整晚有三台監視攝影機對準銀行的入口。
文法句型
train + weapon/camera + on/at/upon + target
用法筆記
The preposition 'on' is most common, though 'at' and 'upon' also appear. The passive form is frequent ('was trained on').
常見錯誤
4. to be pulled along behind something as it moves, or to cause something to hang d
拖曳；垂墜
被拖在後方或使物體垂落拖行
to be pulled along behind something as it moves, or to cause something to hang down and drag behind
The bride's long veil trained along the stone floor behind her as she walked to the altar.
新娘的長頭紗在她走向聖壇時沿著石地板拖曳。
train along [surface] — literary sense of dragging
The child's scarf came untied and trained through the mud behind his sled.
孩子的圍巾鬆脫了，在他雪橇後方的泥濘中拖行。
Apinya's silk scarf came loose and trained behind her in the wind as she rode her bicycle down the hill.
Apinya 的絲巾鬆脫了，在她騎腳踏車下山時隨風飄在身後。
A long purple scarf trained behind the little girl as she ran across the playground.
一條紫色長圍巾在小女孩跑過操場時，在她身後拖行。
文法句型
train + behind/along
用法筆記
A literary or old-fashioned sense in modern English. In everyday language, 'trail' or 'drag' is preferred. Most learners will encounter this sense in older novels or poetry.
5. to travel by railway train, usually to or from a particular place
搭火車
搭乘鐵路火車旅行
to travel by railway train, usually to or from a particular place
Adina trained from Manchester to Edinburgh every weekend to visit her elderly mother.
Adina 每週末從曼徹斯特搭火車到愛丁堡探望年邁的母親。
train + from [place] + to [place]
Devika and her husband trained across Europe for three weeks, stopping at a different city each day.
他們花了三週搭火車穿越歐洲，每天停留在不同的城市。
Eleni and her flatmate trained from Vienna to Salzburg for the weekend music festival.
Eleni 和她的室友從維也納搭火車到薩爾茨堡，去參加週末的音樂節。
Rather than flying, the family trained from Paris to Rome so the children could see the countryside.
與其搭飛機，這家人選擇從巴黎搭火車到羅馬，好讓孩子們能欣賞鄉間風景。
- travel by train
the more common and natural expression for most learners
- go by rail
more formal or old-fashioned
文法句型
train (intransitive) + to/from/out West
train it (dated)
用法筆記
Less common than 'travel by train' or 'take the train'. More frequent in British English than American. The noun phrase 'travel by train' is the preferred modern form for most learners.