untrained
/ˌʌnˈtreɪnd/ (bre, ipa) · [əntrˈend] /ˌʌnˈtreɪnd/ (ame, ipa) · [əntrˈend] /ˌən-ˈtrānd How to pronounce untrained (audio)/ (ame, mw)
untrained — 形容詞
- untrainedpositive
- more untrainedcomparative
- most untrainedsuperlative
1. describes a person who has not received any preparation or practice for a specif
未受訓
未具備特定工作所需技能
describes a person who has not received any preparation or practice for a specific type of work or activity
The hospital hired several untrained volunteers to help during the emergency.
這家醫院在緊急期間聘用了幾名未受訓的志願者來幫忙。
untrained + noun describing a person
An untrained driver should not attempt to park in such a tight space.
未受訓的駕駛不應該試圖在這麼窄的空間停車。
Xiu felt nervous about her first day because she was completely untrained for the job.
Xiu 第一天上班感到很緊張，因為她對這份工作完全未受訓。
The company refused to let untrained staff operate the heavy machinery.
公司拒絕讓未受訓的員工操作重型機械。
Without a qualified teacher the untrained students struggled to learn the basics.
沒有合格的老師，這些未受訓的學生很難學好基礎知識。
- unskilled
focuses more on lack of ability rather than lack of formal teaching
- inexperienced
emphasises limited time doing the work more than absence of instruction
- unqualified
stresses that the person does not meet the official requirements for a role
文法句型
be + untrained
untrained + noun
用法筆記
Frequently used attributively before job-related nouns such as worker, staff, volunteer, or driver.
常見錯誤
2. used about someone looking at or listening to something who lacks the practised
外行的
缺乏專業判斷能力的
used about someone looking at or listening to something who lacks the practised ability to make accurate judgements or notice fine details
To an untrained eye the two paintings are almost identical.
在外行人眼裡，這兩幅畫幾乎一模一樣。
phrase: to the untrained eye
The untrained observer could not tell that the garden had been carefully redesigned.
外行的觀察者看不出來這座花園經過了精心改造。
Reema missed the wrong note because of her untrained ear for classical music.
Reema 因為對古典音樂缺乏訓練過的耳朵，而沒聽出那個錯音。
What looks like an ordinary knot to an untrained person requires great skill to tie.
在一個外行人看來很普通的繩結，需要高超的技巧才能打好。
Vinícius tried to repair the watch himself but his untrained hands caused more damage.
Vinícius 試圖自己修理手錶，但他未經訓練的手反而造成了更多損壞。
- expert
having the deep knowledge that comes from training and experience
- professional
working at a level that requires formal training
文法句型
the untrained + noun
to the untrained + noun
用法筆記
Most common in the fixed phrase to the untrained eye or an untrained observer. Often paired with body-part nouns such as eye, ear, or hand.
常見錯誤
3. refers to an animal that has not learned the behaviours expected for living alon
未馴的
動物未經生活規矩訓練
refers to an animal that has not learned the behaviours expected for living alongside people or for performing useful tasks
The untrained puppy chewed through three pairs of shoes in one week.
那隻未經訓練的小狗一週內咬壞了三雙鞋。
untrained + domestic animal
Rescuing an untrained horse requires patience and a gentle approach.
馴服一匹未經訓練的馬需要耐心和溫柔的引導。
Untrained dogs often pull on the lead because they have never learned to walk calmly.
未經訓練的狗經常拉扯牽繩，因為牠們從未學過如何冷靜地走路。
The farmer could not use the untrained ox for plowing the fields.
農夫無法用那頭未經訓練的牛來犁田。
Mira adopted an untrained kitten and taught it to use the litter box.
Mira 領養了一隻未經訓練的小貓，並教牠使用貓砂盆。
- undisciplined
focuses on the animal's behaviour rather than its lack of instruction
- unhousebroken
specifically about toilet training for dogs and cats
- house-trained
specifically about indoor toilet habits
- trained
taught commands or tasks
文法句型
untrained + noun (animal)
用法筆記
Typically describes domestic animals (dogs, horses, cats) that have not been house-trained or taught basic commands. Carries a connotation of temporary lack rather than permanent wildness.
常見錯誤
4. in computing describes an algorithm or model that has not yet been given example
未經訓練
機器學習中尚未學習的
in computing describes an algorithm or model that has not yet been given example data from which it can learn patterns
The untrained model produced random guesses before learning from any data.
這個未經訓練的模型在學習任何數據之前只會產生隨機猜測。
untrained + model (machine-learning context)
Yara uploaded the training images and started feeding them to the untrained system.
Yara 上傳了訓練圖片，並開始將它們輸入到這個未經訓練的系統。
An untrained algorithm simply picks random answers until it sees enough examples.
一個未經訓練的演算法只能隨機挑選答案，直到它看過足夠的範例。
Running an untrained neural network on real data will give you useless results.
在真實數據上執行未經訓練的神經網路，會得到毫無用處的結果。
The team prepared the untrained classifier and then loaded the labelled data set.
團隊準備好未經訓練的分類器，然後載入了有標籤的數據集。
- uninitialised
a narrower term; refers to a system whose parameters have not been set at all
- unfitted
suggests the model has no prior weights or parameters
- trained
having learned from data and ready for inference
- fine-tuned
further adjusted after initial training
文法句型
untrained + noun (computing model/algorithm/system)
用法筆記
Primarily used in computing contexts such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and data science. Distinguish from sense 1: this sense applies only to software systems, not people.