trench
/trentʃ/ (bre, ipa) · /trentʃ/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈtrench/ (ame, mw)
trench — 名詞
- trenchsingular
- trenchesplural
1. a deep, narrow ditch made for soldiers to take cover during a battle, giving the
戰壕
士兵作戰時用來掩護的壕溝
a deep, narrow ditch made for soldiers to take cover during a battle, giving them a protected spot from which to fight
During the long winter, the soldiers lived in muddy trenches and rarely saw the sun.
在漫長的冬季裡，士兵生活在泥濘的戰壕中，幾乎看不到陽光。
typical context: trench warfare
Walid's grandfather fought from a trench in northern France during the First World War.
Walid 的祖父在第一次世界大戰期間曾在法國北部的戰壕中作戰。
The troops dug a zigzag network of trenches to protect the camp from enemy attacks.
部隊挖出一條曲折的戰壕網絡，以保護營地免受敵方攻擊。
The museum exhibit showed how soldiers ate, slept, and washed in the front-line trenches.
博物館的展覽介紹士兵如何在前線戰壕裡吃飯、睡覺與洗漱。
用法筆記
Often used in the plural (trenches) to name a connected system of defensive ditches. Most common in writing about the First and Second World Wars.
常見錯誤
2. a narrow channel cut into the earth that carries water away or marks where one p
排水溝
地面挖出的長窄溝，用於排水或分界
a narrow channel cut into the earth that carries water away or marks where one piece of land ends and another begins
Iris dug a shallow trench around the vegetable patch so the rainwater would reach the plants.
Iris 在菜圃四周挖了一條淺溝，好讓雨水能流到菜苗根部。
adjective collocation: shallow trench
Heavy rain filled the drainage trench behind the school, and a worker had to clear it by hand.
大雨灌滿了學校後方的排水溝，一位工人只好親自下手清理。
Farmers cut a long trench along the edge of the field to stop the soil from flooding.
農民沿著田地邊緣挖了一條長溝，避免土壤被淹。
A narrow trench between the two properties carried rainwater down to the street drain.
兩塊地之間的一條窄溝把雨水導向街道的排水口。
用法筆記
Distinguish from noun/1: this sense names civilian channels for water or boundaries, not military fortifications. Often paired with adjectives like shallow, narrow, or drainage.
常見錯誤
3. a long, very deep valley with steep sides on the floor of an ocean, usually form
海溝
海底狹長且陡峭的深谷
a long, very deep valley with steep sides on the floor of an ocean, usually formed where two of the earth's plates meet
The Mariana Trench is the deepest known point in the world's oceans.
馬里亞納海溝是目前已知世界海洋中最深的地方。
proper noun: Mariana Trench
Vikram's team discovered a new species of fish living at the bottom of the ocean trench.
Vikram 的團隊在海溝底部發現了一種新的魚類。
Some trenches on the sea floor are deeper than the tallest mountains rise above the land.
海床上的某些海溝比陸地上最高的山脈還要深。
The research ship lowered a camera into the trench to film its dark, freezing seabed.
研究船將攝影機放入海溝，拍下漆黑冰冷的海床畫面。
用法筆記
Nearly always refers to deep-sea geological formations. The most famous example is the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean.
trench — 動詞
- trenchpresent simple I / you / we / they
- trenches3rd person singular
- trenching-ing form
- trenchedpast simple
1. to dig a long, narrow channel into a piece of ground, usually so that water, pip
挖溝
在地面挖出長窄的水道或管道溝
to dig a long, narrow channel into a piece of ground, usually so that water, pipes, or cables can pass along it
Workers trenched the site before laying the pipes for the new water system.
工人在鋪設新水管系統之前，先在工地上挖好溝渠。
passive: trenched before laying pipes
Ramón trenched the hillside so that heavy rain would flow away from the young crops.
Ramón 在山坡上挖出溝渠，讓大雨能流走，不會淹到剛種下的作物。
Before the concrete was poured, the builders trenched the area to install drainage pipes.
在澆灌混凝土之前，建築工人先挖好溝以便安裝排水管。
Crews are trenching a path through the garden for the new irrigation system this week.
工程團隊本週正在花園裡挖一條溝，準備安裝新的灌溉系統。
文法句型
trench + noun phrase (the ground / an area)
用法筆記
Less common in everyday speech than the phrase 'dig a trench'. Often found in writing about construction, farming, or utility work.
常見錯誤
2. to cut a groove, line, or channel into the surface of something solid such as wo
刻槽；刻痕
在物體表面切出溝紋或凹線
to cut a groove, line, or channel into the surface of something solid such as wood, stone, or metal
Mizuki trenched fine lines into the wet clay to shape the figure's hair.
Mizuki 在濕潤的黏土上刻出細線，雕塑出人像的頭髮。
artistic context: trenching into clay
Years of wind and rain had trenched narrow grooves into the old stone wall.
多年的風吹雨打在舊石牆上留下了一道道狹窄的溝痕。
natural erosion: wind and rain trenched
The carpenter trenched a shallow channel along the wooden plank to fit the glass panel.
木匠沿著木板刻出一條淺槽，用來嵌入玻璃面板。
Running water had trenched small channels through the soft rock over thousands of years.
流水在數千年間於軟岩上沖刻出許多細小的渠道。
文法句型
trench + noun phrase (surface or material)
用法筆記
A formal or literary use. In everyday English, 'cut grooves into' or 'carve channels into' is far more common than this verb.
3. to defend or protect a place by digging trenches around it so that an attacking
築壕防禦
挖戰壕以加強陣地防禦
to defend or protect a place by digging trenches around it so that an attacking enemy finds it hard to advance
The army trenched the hilltop to make it harder for the enemy to capture the position.
軍隊在山頂挖掘戰壕，讓敵人更難攻下這個陣地。
active form: army trenched
Sirin reported that the camp was heavily trenched and protected by sandbags before the attack.
Sirin 回報說，營地在攻擊發起前已挖滿戰壕並以沙袋加固。
passive: heavily trenched
Engineers trenched the perimeter of the base, forming a long defensive line around it.
工兵在基地周圍挖出戰壕，沿著外圍形成一道長長的防線。
The ridge had been trenched so thoroughly that no enemy unit could take it by surprise.
那道山脊已經佈滿戰壕，沒有任何敵軍能突襲拿下它。
文法句型
trench + noun phrase (position / area)
用法筆記
Frequently found in the passive voice. The related verb 'entrench' (to fix something firmly in place) is far more common in modern English.
常見錯誤
4. to slowly move past an accepted limit and interfere with someone's rights, area
侵犯；侵佔
逐漸越界侵害他人權利或範圍
to slowly move past an accepted limit and interfere with someone's rights, area of work, or personal life
Critics said the new surveillance law trenched upon citizens' right to privacy at home.
評論者表示，新的監控法侵犯了民眾在家中的隱私權。
pattern: trench upon + rights
Tariro warned that the factory's waste was trenching on the protected wetland year by year.
Tariro 警告說，工廠的廢棄物正一年一年地侵佔受保護的濕地。
pattern: trench on + area
Noa argued that the proposed policy trenched too far on individual freedoms.
Noa 主張，這項提案政策對個人自由的侵犯走得太遠。
Yael felt that the new manager's decisions were trenching on her own team's responsibilities.
Yael 覺得新主管的決定正在侵犯到她自己團隊的職責範圍。
文法句型
trench + on/upon + noun phrase
用法筆記
Nearly always followed by 'on' or 'upon'. This sense is older and formal; 'encroach on/upon' or 'infringe on/upon' are far more common in modern English.