turnout
/ˈtɜːnaʊt/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈtɜːrnaʊt/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈtərn-ˌau̇t/ (ame, mw)
turnout — 名詞
1. a figure that tells you how many people came to an event such as a concert or me
出席數
參加活動或投票的人數
a figure that tells you how many people came to an event such as a concert or meeting — most commonly, the count of citizens who voted in an election.
The festival had a turnout of over twenty thousand people on its opening day.
活動首日有超過兩萬人出席。
collocation: a turnout of [number]
Voter turnout in the local election was surprisingly low this year.
今年地方選舉的投票率低得驚人。
collocation: voter turnout / low turnout
Turnout for the school concert was excellent, with every seat filled.
學校音樂會的出席人數非常踴躍，座位全滿。
Poor weather caused a much smaller turnout at the charity run than organisers had hoped for.
惡劣天氣導致慈善路跑出席人數遠低於主辦單位的預期。
A high turnout at the polls is seen as a sign of a healthy democracy.
高投票率被視為民主制度健康的象徵。
- attendance
more general; used for any event, not specifically voting
- voter count
restricted to elections only
- crowd
emphasises the physical group of people, not the statistical number
- absenteeism
refers to the practice of staying away, the opposite of showing up
文法句型
high/low turnout
a turnout of [number]
用法筆記
Usually singular; frequently used with the adjectives 'high' or 'low' to describe the size of the crowd.
常見錯誤
2. a place beside a narrow road where the road becomes wider so that vehicles can s
避車道；側線
路邊讓車輛停靠或會車的加寬區域
a place beside a narrow road where the road becomes wider so that vehicles can stop safely or let others pass; also a short section of railway track used for letting trains pass each other or for storing rolling stock.
Cyrus pulled into a turnout to let the ambulance pass on the winding mountain road.
Cyrus 把車開進避車道，讓救護車在蜿蜒的山路上先行通過。
collocation: pull into a turnout
The highway department added turnouts along the scenic route so drivers could stop and take photos.
公路局沿著風景路線增設了避車道，方便駕駛停下來拍照。
A freight train waited on a siding turnout while the passenger express passed through the station.
一列貨運火車停在側線待避，讓客運快車通過車站。
Heather parked the car in a gravel turnout and got out to check the map.
Heather 把車停在碎石鋪的避車道上，下車查看地圖。
文法句型
pull into a turnout
park in a turnout
用法筆記
More common in American English than British English. British speakers are more likely to use 'lay-by' for a road-side stopping area.
3. the total amount of goods, crops, or products that are produced or yielded in a
產量
一定時期內生產或收成的總量
the total amount of goods, crops, or products that are produced or yielded in a specified period, such as a day, season, or year.
The factory's daily turnout of car parts has doubled since the new machines were installed.
自從安裝了新機器，這間工廠每天生產的汽車零件數量已經翻了一倍。
Last season's turnout of rice was the best the farm had seen in a decade.
上一季稻米的收成是該農場十年來最好的。
collocation: turnout of [crop]
The vineyard expects a small turnout this year because of the summer drought.
因為夏季乾旱，這座葡萄園今年預估產量不大。
Engineers measured the daily turnout of the oil well to track when it might run dry.
工程師測量油井的每日產量，以追蹤何時可能枯竭。
- output
the standard, more common word for production quantity; works in any industry
- yield
mostly agricultural — crops, fruit, or financial returns
- production
broader term covering the whole process, not just the quantity
文法句型
turnout of [product]
annual turnout
用法筆記
Commoner in agricultural (crop yields) and industrial contexts. For general production, 'output' is far more common in everyday English.
常見錯誤
4. a person's complete set of clothes and the accessories they wear with them, cons
裝束；衣著
一套完整的服裝及配飾
a person's complete set of clothes and the accessories they wear with them, considered together as a single outfit.
Jude showed up at the party in a sharp black turnout with polished leather shoes.
Jude 穿著一套帥氣的黑色裝束搭配亮皮皮鞋來到派對。
Her turnout for the wedding included a silk dress, a matching hat, and pearl earrings.
她參加婚禮的裝束包括一件絲質洋裝、一頂搭配的帽子，還有珍珠耳環。
collocation: turnout for [occasion]
The cyclists all wore matching team turnouts for the race.
自行車選手在比賽中都穿著一致的團隊服裝。
Mayumi arrived at the costume party in a colourful turnout complete with a feathered mask.
Mayumi 穿著一身色彩繽紛的裝束，搭配羽毛面具，參加化裝舞會。
文法句型
a turnout in [colour/style]
用法筆記
This sense is dated or informal; 'outfit' or 'getup' are far more common in everyday conversation.
turnout — 動詞
1. to leave your home and go to a particular event, meeting, or activity, especiall
出門；出席
離家參加某個活動或聚會
to leave your home and go to a particular event, meeting, or activity, especially because you feel you should be there.
Thousands of fans turned out to watch the championship parade through the city centre.
數千名粉絲出門觀看冠軍遊行隊伍穿過市中心。
phrasal verb: turn out + infinitive
The whole neighbourhood turned out for the annual street party in July.
整個社區的人都出來參加七月的年度街道派對。
collocation: turn out for [event]
Not many residents turned out to the town hall meeting about the new road plan.
沒有多少居民出席關於新道路計畫的市政會議。
When the fire alarm rang, everyone in the building turned out onto the street within minutes.
火災警報響起時，大樓裡的所有人幾分鐘內就跑到街上。
- stay home
the opposite action — choosing not to go out
文法句型
turn out for [event]
turn out to [event]
用法筆記
Usually implies that a person or group has made an effort to attend; stronger than simply 'arrive' or 'come'.
常見錯誤
2. to rise from your bed after sleeping, typically at the start of your day.
起床
從床上起身起來
to rise from your bed after sleeping, typically at the start of your day.
Élise turned out of bed when the alarm rang at half past six.
Élise 在六點半鬧鐘響的時候就起床了。
collocation: turn out of bed
The children turned out late on Sunday because they had stayed up watching movies.
孩子們星期日很晚才起床，因為前一晚熬夜看電影。
Yuna turned out early every morning to jog along the river before breakfast.
Yuna 每天清晨就起床，在早餐前沿著河邊慢跑。
The campers turned out at dawn to pack their tents before the rain started.
露營的人在黎明時分就起床收拾帳篷，趕在下雨前準備好。
- stay in bed
to remain in bed instead of getting up
- lie in
British English for staying in bed longer than usual
文法句型
turn out of bed
turn out early/late
用法筆記
Often used in the phrase 'turn out of bed'. 'Get up' is more common in everyday speech, especially in American English.
常見錯誤
3. to happen or develop in a particular way, or to be discovered to be something, w
結果是；原來
最終發展成某種狀態或發現是某事物
to happen or develop in a particular way, or to be discovered to be something, when all the facts are known or the final result appears.
The weather turned out to be much warmer than the forecast had predicted.
結果天氣比氣象預報說的暖和得多。
pattern: turn out to be [adjective]
It turned out that the noise was coming from a broken pipe under the kitchen floor.
原來那噪音是來自廚房地板下的一根破裂水管。
pattern: it turns out that [clause]
Lara's homemade bread always turns out perfectly soft and golden.
Lara 親手做的麵包總是烤得恰到好處，又軟又金黃。
What started as a small weekend project turned out to be Christopher's full-time business.
原本只是一個週末的小型計畫，最後變成了 Christopher 的全職事業。
The exam turned out harder than anyone in the class had expected.
考試結果比班上任何人想像的都要難。
- end up
focuses on the final state after a process; slightly more informal
- prove to be
more formal; emphasises that evidence confirms the result
- transpire
formal; used when a fact becomes known, especially a surprising one
文法句型
turn out to be [adj/noun]
turn out that [clause]
turn out [adv]
用法筆記
Very common with 'to be' + adjective/noun ('turned out to be a disaster') and with preparatory 'it' + 'that'-clause ('It turned out that she was right'). Cannot take a direct object.
常見錯誤
4. to stop a light, fire, or machine from working by pressing a switch, turning a k
關掉
轉動開關或旋鈕使燈或機器停止運作
to stop a light, fire, or machine from working by pressing a switch, turning a knob, or closing a valve.
Emily turned out the lights before leaving the office for the night.
Emily 在離開辦公室前關掉了所有的燈。
collocation: turn out the lights
Dad asked Yael to turn the gas out after the kettle had boiled.
爸爸叫 Yael 在茶壺煮好之後把瓦斯關掉。
The last person to leave should always turn out the heating.
最後離開的人一定要記得把暖氣關掉。
Folake turned the oven out once the cake was golden brown on top.
Folake 在蛋糕烤成金黃色之後關掉了烤箱。
Mayumi turned out the bedside lamp and the room went completely dark.
Mayumi 關掉床頭燈，房間頓時一片漆黑。
- turn off
the universal alternative; works for all devices in all varieties of English
- switch off
common synonym, especially for electrical appliances
- extinguish
formal; used for fires and flames, not for electric lights
- turn on
the opposite action — to start a light or appliance working
文法句型
turn out [light/gas/engine]
turn [light/gas/engine] out
用法筆記
Chiefly British English. In American English, 'turn off' is almost always used instead of 'turn out' for lights and appliances. 'Turn out' for a light is widely recognised but sounds slightly old-fashioned in the US.
5. to produce or make something, often quickly and in large quantities, especially
生產；製造
以規律的流程大量生產物品
to produce or make something, often quickly and in large quantities, especially through a regular or mechanical process.
The bakery turns out over two thousand loaves of bread every single day.
這間麵包店每天生產超過兩千條麵包。
collocation: turns out [number] of [product]
Sana's pottery studio turns out beautiful handmade bowls and vases each week.
Sana 的陶藝工作室每週都生產出漂亮的手工碗盤和花瓶。
The film studio turned out three hit movies in a single year.
這間電影公司在一年內推出了三部賣座片。
Japan turns out millions of cars annually at factories across the country.
日本每年在全國各地的工廠生產數百萬輛汽車。
- produce
the standard, neutral term for making goods
- manufacture
specifically industrial or factory-based production
- churn out
informal, often negative — suggests quantity over quality
文法句型
turn out [quantity] of [product]
turn [product] out
用法筆記
Often carries the nuance of efficiency or regularity rather than craftsmanship. For artisanal or one-off creations, 'make' or 'produce' are more neutral.
6. to remove everything inside a bag, pocket, or drawer, usually by turning it over
翻出；清空
將容器或空間裡的東西全部倒出來
to remove everything inside a bag, pocket, or drawer, usually by turning it over so the items fall out.
Cyrus turned out his backpack on the floor, looking for the missing house keys.
Cyrus 把背包裡的東西全倒在地板上，尋找遺失的家門鑰匙。
collocation: turn out [bag/container]
Trang turned out every drawer in the kitchen searching for the passport.
Trang 在廚房裡把每個抽屜都翻出來找護照。
The wardrobe was turned out completely during the spring cleaning.
大衣櫃在春季大掃除時被徹底清空了。
Folake turned out her handbag onto the table, and coins rolled everywhere.
Folake 把皮包裡的東西全倒在桌上，硬幣滾得到處都是。
The police ordered the suspect to turn out his pockets.
警察命令嫌疑人把口袋裡的東西全部翻出來。
文法句型
turn out [container]
turn [container] out
用法筆記
When used for clothing ('turn out your pockets'), it means to pull the lining outwards so the contents fall out. The noun 'turnout' (sense 4, clothing) derives from this verb sense — the clothes you have 'turned out' or put on.
7. to force a person or animal to leave a place, building, or organisation, often a
驅逐；趕走
強迫某人或動物離開某個地方
to force a person or animal to leave a place, building, or organisation, often against their will.
The landlord turned the tenants out after they failed to pay rent for three months.
房東在房客連續三個月沒繳房租後把他們趕了出去。
collocation: turn [someone] out of [place]
Heather was turned out of the lecture hall for repeatedly talking during the professor's talk.
Heather 因為不斷在課堂上講話而被趕出教室。
The farm dogs were turned out into the yard every evening before dinner.
農場的狗每天傍晚晚餐前都會被放到院子裡去。
The rebels were determined to turn the invaders out of their homeland.
反抗軍決心把入侵者趕出家園。
文法句型
turn [someone] out
turn [someone] out of [place]
用法筆記
Frequently used in the passive ('be turned out of') when describing someone being removed. Stronger and more dramatic than 'ask to leave'; implies the use of authority or force.