understanding

/ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/ (ame, ipa) · /ˌən-dər-ˈstan-diŋ/ (ame, mw) · /ˌʌn.dəˈstæn.dɪŋ/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌʌn.dɚˈstæn.dɪŋ/ (ame, ipa)

understanding — 名詞

  • understandingsingular
  • understandingsplural

1. the mental grasp of a subject, situation, or process that you build up by learni

1.名詞A2
釋義

理解；認識

對某事物深入的了解或掌握

the mental grasp of a subject, situation, or process that you build up by learning about it or working with it

例句

Rodrigo gained a solid understanding of solar energy after building his own panels for the shed.

Rodrigo 在自建太陽能板之後，對太陽能有了扎實的理解。

understanding of [subject] — gained through hands-on experience

Yan's understanding of ancient Greek philosophy impressed everyone in the seminar.

Yan 對古希臘哲學的理解讓研討會上的每個人都印象深刻。

同義詞
  • knowledge

    broader in scope; refers to facts and information rather than comprehension

  • grasp

    more informal; emphasizes how firmly one holds a concept

  • comprehension

    more formal; focuses on the mental process of understanding

  • awareness

    lighter than understanding; knowing that something exists rather than how it works

反義詞
  • ignorance

    complete lack of knowledge about a topic

文法句型

understanding of [something]

用法筆記

Frequently paired with adjectives such as basic, good, deep, solid, or thorough to describe the level of knowledge. The preposition of follows the noun to introduce the topic.

常見錯誤

❌I have an understanding of Spanish.' (when meaning ability to speak)
✅I have a knowledge of Spanish.
💡'understanding' suggests deeper comprehension; for language ability, use 'knowledge.'
❌He has a lot of understanding about computers.
✅He has a good understanding of computers.
💡'understanding' is not used with 'a lot of' before it; use 'good/deep/solid' instead.

2. a particular way of interpreting or making sense of something, shaped by persona

2.名詞B2
釋義

見解；看法

個人對某事特定的解讀方式

a particular way of interpreting or making sense of something, shaped by personal experience, beliefs, or knowledge

例句

Abigail's understanding of the novel was shaped by her own experience growing up in a small town.

Abigail 對這部小說的見解，受到她自己在小鎮長大的經歷所影響。

someone's understanding of [something] — personal interpretation

The two economists offered very different understandings of why the housing market collapsed.

這兩位經濟學家對房市為何崩盤，提出了截然不同的解讀。

同義詞
  • interpretation

    more active; implies a conscious effort to explain or decode meaning

  • reading

    used more in literary or analytical contexts

  • view

    broader and less technical; an opinion rather than a reasoned interpretation

  • perception

    focuses on how something is seen or noticed

反義詞

文法句型

someone's understanding of [something]

according to someone's understanding

用法筆記

Often introduced with possessive determiners (my understanding, his understanding) or adjectives like traditional, common, modern. Frequently appears in the frame according to [someone's] understanding.

常見錯誤

❌My understanding about the plan is different.
✅My understanding of the plan is different.
💡'understanding' takes 'of', not 'about.'
❌Her understanding to the problem was wrong.
✅Her understanding of the problem was wrong.
💡use 'of' to show what the understanding relates to, not 'to.'

3. the quality of being able to sense what others are going through and to treat th

3.名詞B1
釋義

體諒；同理心

人與人之間相互包容的態度

the quality of being able to sense what others are going through and to treat their errors or hardships with patience rather than blame

例句

Reema showed great understanding when her neighbour apologised for the noise from the late-night party.

鄰居為深夜派對的噪音道歉時，Reema 表現出了很大的體諒。

show understanding — display sympathy or tolerance

The years of shared struggle created a deep understanding between the two refugee families.

多年的共同困境讓這兩個難民家庭之間產生了深厚的情誼。

understanding between [people] — mutual sympathy

同義詞
  • sympathy

    closer to feeling pity or sorrow for someone's situation

  • compassion

    stronger emotional involvement; a desire to help

  • empathy

    the ability to share another person's feelings as if they were your own

  • tolerance

    willingness to accept behaviour you may not agree with

反義詞
  • indifference

    lack of interest or concern for others' feelings

文法句型

understanding between [people]

understanding for [someone]

show understanding

用法筆記

Typically uncountable in this sense — you do not say 'an understanding' when referring to sympathy. The preposition between is used when two parties show mutual sympathy; for when describing sympathy directed toward one person.

常見錯誤

❌She had an understanding for his problems.' (in sympathy sense)
✅She showed understanding for his problems.
💡the sympathy sense is uncountable; use 'show/have understanding' without an article.
❌The boss showed understandings about the delay.
✅The boss showed understanding about the delay.
💡'understanding' in this sense is uncountable and has no plural form.

4. an arrangement made between people that is based on trust and shared expectation

4.名詞B2
釋義

默契

雙方心照不宣的非正式協議

an arrangement made between people that is based on trust and shared expectations rather than a written contract

例句

Mathieu and Dario had an understanding that they would take turns driving the children to school.

Mathieu 和 Dario 之間有個默契，他們會輪流開車送孩子上學。

have an understanding that + clause — unspoken agreement

After weeks of negotiation, the two sides finally came to an understanding about the use of the shared garden.

經過幾週的協商，雙方對於共用花園的使用方式終於達成了共識。

come to an understanding — reach an informal agreement

同義詞
  • agreement

    can be formal or informal; broader than 'understanding'

  • arrangement

    focuses on practical terms rather than mutual trust

  • compact

    more formal; often used in legal or political contexts

  • deal

    informal; implies a negotiated exchange

反義詞
  • disagreement

    failure to reach a common position

  • dispute

    active conflict over terms or expectations

文法句型

have an understanding with [someone]

come to an understanding

reach an understanding

用法筆記

Countable in this sense — you can say an understanding. Typically appears in fixed verb phrases: come to an understanding, reach an understanding, or have an understanding. Unlike sense 1 (knowledge), this sense often takes a that-clause.

常見錯誤

❌We made an understanding to meet at six.
✅We came to an understanding that we would meet at six.
💡the verb is 'come to' or 'reach,' not 'make.'
❌Our understanding was verbal, so it does not count.
✅Our understanding was verbal, so it is not legally binding.
💡an informal agreement is still valid between the parties even if not written.

5. a special promise or guarantee that someone gives before another person will agr

5.名詞B2
釋義

條件

必須先同意的附帶條件

a special promise or guarantee that someone gives before another person will agree to take a particular course of action

例句

Mira agreed to lend Owen the money on the understanding that she would repay it within six months.

Mira 答應借 Owen 這筆錢，前提是她必須在六個月內還清。

on the understanding that + clause — conditional agreement

The files were handed over on the understanding that they would not be copied or shared with outsiders.

這些檔案是在不複製或分享給外部人員的條件下提供的。

同義詞
  • condition

    broader; can be used in any context, not tied to a fixed phrase

  • stipulation

    more formal; a specific requirement in a contract or negotiation

  • provision

    legal or formal; a clause in a document

  • proviso

    formal; a condition attached to an agreement

文法句型

on the understanding that + clause

用法筆記

Only used in the fixed phrase on the understanding that, which introduces a condition. The clause after that always states what must be true for the main action to be valid. Distinguish from sense 4: this sense focuses on a binding condition, not a general informal arrangement.

常見錯誤

❌I helped him with the understanding he would help me later.
✅I helped him on the understanding that he would help me later.
💡the phrase requires the preposition 'on' before 'the understanding.'
❌On the understanding of better pay, she took the job.
✅On the understanding that she would get better pay, she took the job.
💡'on the understanding' must be followed by a 'that'-clause, not a noun phrase.

understanding — 形容詞