apparatus

IPA/ˌæpəˈreɪtəs/
KK[ˌæpɚˈætəs]IPA/ˌæpəˈrætəs/

apparatus — 名詞

  • apparatussingular
  • apparatusesplural

1. the collection of instruments, tools, or machines that someone uses to carry out

1.名詞C1
釋義

器材；器械

為特定用途設計的整套工具或裝置

the collection of instruments, tools, or machines that someone uses to carry out a specific job, scientific test, or physical activity — such as the gear a diver wears or the bars and rings used in gymnastics.

例句

Dr. Hadiya set up the laboratory apparatus before her chemistry students arrived.

田中博士在化學系學生抵達前，先把實驗室的器材都架設好。

scientific context: laboratory apparatus

The firefighters wore breathing apparatus as they searched the burning warehouse.

消防員戴著呼吸器材，搜索那座失火的倉庫。

compound: breathing apparatus

常見搭配
  • scientific apparatus
  • breathing apparatus
  • laboratory apparatus
  • a piece of apparatus
  • specialised apparatus
同義詞
  • equipment

    more general; covers any tools or supplies, not only specialised ones

  • gear

    informal; suggests personal kit a person carries or wears

  • instrument

    usually a single precise device rather than a whole set

文法句型

a piece of apparatus

apparatus for + -ing

用法筆記

Often uncountable when referring to a whole set ('the apparatus is ready'); use 'a piece of apparatus' to count individual items. Common in scientific, medical, sports, and emergency-services writing.

常見錯誤

I bought three apparatuses for the lab.
I bought three pieces of apparatus for the lab.
apparatus is usually uncountable, so count it with 'pieces'.
The breathing apparatus are heavy.
The breathing apparatus is heavy.
treat it as singular when referring to one set.

2. the network of offices, officials, and procedures that lets a government, politi

2.名詞C2
釋義

體制；體系

政府或政黨運作的整套組織與程序

the network of offices, officials, and procedures that lets a government, political party, or large institution actually run — for example the ministries, courts, and security services that keep a state functioning day to day.

例句

After the revolution, the new leaders began rebuilding the apparatus of the state.

革命之後，新的領導人開始重建國家體制。

fixed phrase: apparatus of the state

The party's apparatus stretched from village offices to the national headquarters in Beijing.

該政黨的組織體系從村級辦公室一路延伸到北京的中央總部。

political context: party apparatus

常見搭配
  • the apparatus of the state
  • party apparatus
  • security apparatus
  • bureaucratic apparatus
  • repressive apparatus
同義詞
  • machinery

    very close in meaning; often interchangeable in 'the machinery of government'

  • bureaucracy

    stresses paperwork and slow procedures rather than power

  • establishment

    stresses the people in power rather than the system itself

文法句型

the apparatus of [the state/government/the party]

用法筆記

Distinguish from sense 1 (physical tools): here the 'machinery' is metaphorical — people, offices, and procedures. Subject is usually a state, party, or large institution. Frequently used with 'of' + a power-related noun (state, party, government, control).

常見錯誤

The school has a strong apparatus.
The school has a strong administration.
this sense is reserved for political or state-level structures, not ordinary institutions.
A police apparatus arrested him.
The police apparatus targeted dissidents across the country.
this sense refers to the whole system, not a single unit acting on one person.

同根字

常見搭配

名詞搭配

  • breathing apparatus
  • laboratory apparatus
  • security apparatus
  • party apparatus
  • state apparatus

常用片語

  • a piece of apparatus
  • the apparatus of the state
  • set up the apparatus

介系詞搭配

  • apparatus for
  • the apparatus of