burst

/bɜːst/ (bre, ipa) · /bɜːrst/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈbərst/ (ame, mw) · /bɝːst/ (ame, ipa)

burst — 動詞

1. to suddenly fly apart or spring open, often because something inside is pressing

1.動詞及物 / 不及物B2
釋義

爆開；脹裂

突然裂開，或使某物突然裂開

to suddenly fly apart or spring open, often because something inside is pressing outward, or to push something open by force

例句

The pipe burst during the freeze and flooded the kitchen floor.

水管在寒流期間爆開了，廚房地板也淹了水。

subject bursts from pressure inside

Ravi burst the paper bag by stuffing in one more orange.

Ravi 又塞進一顆柳橙，把紙袋撐到脹裂。

transitive: burst + object

同義詞
  • break

    general word; 'burst' suggests sudden force from inside

  • split

    focuses on a tear or crack rather than a violent opening

  • explode

    usually stronger and often involves fire, gas, or a loud blast

反義詞
  • seal

    keep something closed instead of making it fly open

文法句型

something bursts

burst something open

用法筆記

Often used for things under pressure such as pipes, balloons, bags, or fruit. Unlike sense 5, the focus here is on something breaking apart, not on a person or thing rushing somewhere.

常見錯誤

❌The balloon exploded because I put too much air.
✅The balloon burst because I put too much air in it.
💡for a balloon, 'burst' is the usual everyday word.

2. to move somewhere very suddenly and forcefully, or to appear from a place withou

2.動詞不及物C1
釋義

衝出；湧出

突然猛力移動，或一下子從某處冒出

to move somewhere very suddenly and forcefully, or to appear from a place without warning

例句

Three reporters burst through the door as the minister reached the car.

部長快走到車邊時，三名記者突然衝破門口跑了出來。

burst through + barrier

A deer burst out of the trees and crossed the narrow road.

一隻鹿從樹叢裡猛然衝出，穿過了狹窄的道路。

burst out of + place

同義詞
  • rush

    general word for moving quickly; 'burst' adds sudden force

  • dash

    often shorter and more controlled than 'burst'

  • emerge

    neutral and calmer; 'burst' is more abrupt

反義詞
  • drift

    move slowly and lightly, not suddenly or forcefully

文法句型

burst into + place

burst out of/from + place

burst through + barrier

用法筆記

The subject usually moves with speed or force, or suddenly appears from a container, building, or natural cover. Distinguish from sense 1: sense 5 is about movement, not about something breaking.

常見錯誤

❌The students burst to the hall after class.
✅The students burst from the hall after class.
💡this sense usually takes a preposition showing the starting or ending place.

3. (of a river, lake, or canal) to rise so high that water runs across the land at

3.動詞C1
釋義

潰堤；漫出

河道水滿到漫過兩岸

(of a river, lake, or canal) to rise so high that water runs across the land at the edges

例句

After two days of rain, the river burst its banks near York.

下了兩天雨後，那條河在 York 附近潰堤了。

fixed phrase: burst its banks

By dawn, muddy water had burst its banks and covered the road.

到了黎明，混濁的河水已漫出兩岸，蓋過了道路。

同義詞
  • flood

    broader; can describe any covering of land with water

  • overflow

    more neutral and less dramatic than 'burst its banks'

反義詞
  • recede

    water level moves back instead of spreading over land

文法句型

burst its banks

用法筆記

Used almost entirely in the fixed pattern 'burst its banks'. The subject is a body of water, not the water itself.

常見錯誤

❌The river burst over the town.
✅The river burst its banks and flooded the town.
💡this sense normally appears in the set phrase 'burst its banks'.

4. to show a very strong feeling or urge all at once because it can no longer be he

4.動詞不及物C2
釋義

忍不住

強烈情緒或想做某事的衝動壓不住

to show a very strong feeling or urge all at once because it can no longer be held back

例句

Hana burst into tears when the nurse removed the bandage.

護士拆下繃帶時，Hana 忍不住哭了出來。

burst into + emotion noun

At the good news, Diego burst out laughing in the hallway.

一聽到好消息，Diego 在走廊上立刻大笑起來。

burst out + -ing form

同義詞
  • erupt

    more forceful and often used for anger or conflict

  • break down

    usually means starting to cry, not laughter or eagerness

  • be eager

    states the feeling, but lacks the sudden overflowing effect of 'be bursting to'

反義詞
  • hold back

    keep the feeling or urge under control

文法句型

burst into tears/laughter/applause

burst out laughing/crying

be bursting to + verb

用法筆記

This sense strongly prefers patterns such as 'burst into tears', 'burst out laughing', and 'be bursting to tell someone'. Distinguish from sense 5, where someone physically moves somewhere suddenly.

常見錯誤

❌I burst to cry when I saw the bill.
✅I burst into tears when I saw the bill.
💡with a noun, use 'burst into', not a bare infinitive.

5. (of a building, object, or material) to begin burning fiercely in a sudden momen

5.動詞不及物C2
釋義

突然起火

一下子猛烈燒起來

(of a building, object, or material) to begin burning fiercely in a sudden moment

例句

A dry branch touched the heater, and the curtains burst into flames.

一根乾樹枝碰到暖氣後，窗簾一下子燒了起來。

burst into flames

After the gas leak, the rubbish pile burst into flames.

瓦斯外洩後，那堆垃圾突然起火了。

同義詞
  • ignite

    more technical and often used in science or instructions

  • catch fire

    neutral everyday phrase; less sudden and dramatic than 'burst into flames'

  • flare up

    often used when flames become stronger very quickly

反義詞
  • go out

    stop burning instead of suddenly starting to burn

文法句型

burst into flames

用法筆記

Usually used of something catching fire instantly, especially in the fixed phrase 'burst into flames'. For an ordinary strong fire that is already burning, compare sense 1 of 'blaze', not this sense of 'burst'.

常見錯誤

❌The candles burst into flames on the cake.
✅The candles caught fire on the cake.
💡'burst into flames' is for a sudden fierce fire, not a normal candle flame.

burst — 名詞