surge
/sɜːdʒ/ (bre, ipa) · /sɜːrdʒ/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈsərj/ (ame, mw) · /sɝːdʒ/ (ame, ipa)
surge — 名詞
- surgesingular
- surgesplural
1. an occasion when a measured figure, such as the price of a product, the level of
激增
數量或程度突然大幅上升
an occasion when a measured figure, such as the price of a product, the level of demand, or the size of a population, rises sharply and unexpectedly
The city saw a surge in house prices after the new train station opened.
新火車站開通後，該城市的房價出現一波激增。
surge in [noun]: rise in prices, demand, etc.
A sudden surge in demand left the bakery with empty shelves by noon.
需求突然激增，麵包店到中午貨架就空了。
The company reported a surge in sales after releasing its new phone model.
該公司推出新型號手機後，銷售額出現激增。
The surge in online orders forced the warehouse to hire extra staff.
線上訂單激增，迫使倉庫雇用更多員工。
There has been a surge in applications for this nursing programme.
這個護理課程的申請人數今年出現了激增。
文法句型
surge + in/of + noun
用法筆記
Frequently followed by 'in' to specify what is rising ('surge in prices', 'surge in demand'). Can also take 'of' for the amount or thing itself ('a surge of electricity').
常見錯誤
2. a sudden strong forward movement of a mass of people or a body of water
湧進；衝
人群或水體的強力前衝
a sudden strong forward movement of a mass of people or a body of water
The crowd moved forward in a surge toward the stage when the band appeared.
樂團登台時，人群一陣湧進，向舞台方向衝去。
surge of [group]: forward movement of people
A surge of protesters flooded the main square after the announcement.
宣布之後，抗議人潮湧入廣場。
The police held the barrier against the surge of people pushing ahead.
警察擋住護欄，抵擋向前擠壓的人潮。
As the doors opened, a surge of passengers rushed onto the platform.
門一打開，乘客便湧上月台。
文法句型
surge + of + noun (group/water)
用法筆記
Often followed by 'of' plus a noun describing what is moving ('surge of fans', 'surge of water'). The focus is on the force and speed of the movement, not the distance travelled.
3. a sudden strong feeling that arrives and takes hold of someone
湧起
情緒突然強烈湧現
a sudden strong feeling that arrives and takes hold of someone
Adaeze felt a surge of pride when her daughter received the award.
Adaeze 看到女兒獲獎時，心中湧起一陣自豪。
surge of pride / anger / hope / relief
A surge of anger swept through Ishaan when he heard the unfair news.
Ishaan 聽到那則不公平的消息時，一股怒氣湧上心頭。
Élise experienced a sudden surge of hope as the doctor smiled at her.
Élise 看見醫生對她微笑，內心突然湧起希望。
Brian felt a surge of relief when he found his wallet under the car seat.
Brian 在車座椅下找到錢包時，感到一陣如釋重負。
文法句型
surge + of + emotion noun
用法筆記
Common with emotion nouns like 'anger', 'pride', 'hope', 'relief', 'excitement', 'sadness'. The feeling is portrayed as arriving suddenly and with force, like a physical wave.
常見錯誤
4. a tall mass of sea water that rises up and rolls forward with great force
巨浪
海面湧起的大浪
a tall mass of sea water that rises up and rolls forward with great force
The fishing boat was lifted by a massive surge of dark ocean water.
漁船被一道巨大的海水浪湧高高托起。
storm surge / surge of water
A powerful surge crashed against the rocks, sending white spray into the air.
一股巨浪猛力拍打在岩石上，激起白色的水花。
The storm surge flooded the coastal roads and damaged several seaside houses.
風暴巨浪淹沒了沿海道路，損毀了好幾間海邊房屋。
Liam watched the surge roll toward the shore from the safety of the cliff.
Liam 在安全的懸崖上看著巨浪朝岸邊翻滾而來。
文法句型
storm surge
tidal surge
surge + of + water
用法筆記
Often used in compounds with 'storm' or 'tidal' to indicate the cause ('storm surge', 'tidal surge'). The word carries a sense of danger or natural force.
5. a short, sharp rise in the electrical current or voltage running through a circu
突波；電湧
電路中短暫的電壓或電流突然上升
a short, sharp rise in the electrical current or voltage running through a circuit or system
A power surge during the storm destroyed Christopher's computer and printer.
暴風雨中的一次突波燒壞了 Christopher 的電腦和印表機。
compound: power surge
The electrician installed a device to protect the house from sudden power surges.
電工安裝了一個裝置來保護房屋免受突然的電湧影響。
Mateo lost all his work when a surge knocked out the office computers.
Mateo 因為一次突波導致辦公室電腦故障，遺失了所有工作檔案。
The lights flickered and died after an electrical surge hit the apartment building.
電湧襲擊了公寓大樓，燈光閃爍後便熄滅了。
- power spike
a very short, sharp surge; more technical than 'power surge'
- overload
a situation where too much current flows; different cause but similar effect
文法句型
power surge
electrical surge
surge + in + power supply
用法筆記
Often forms the compound noun 'power surge'. Common verbs used with it include 'hit', 'damage', 'knock out', and 'protect against'.
常見錯誤
surge — 動詞
- surgepresent simple I / you / we / they
- surges3rd person singular
- surging-ing form
- surgedpast simple
1. to go up suddenly to a much higher level, often after a period of staying steady
激增；飆升
突然大幅上升
to go up suddenly to a much higher level, often after a period of staying steady
House prices surged across the region after the new highway was built.
新高速公路建成後，該地區的房價大幅飆升。
surge + by [amount] / past [level] / to [value]
The company profits surged by forty percent in the last quarter alone.
光是上一季，該公司的利潤就激增了百分之四十。
As temperatures surged past forty degrees, the city opened cooling centres.
氣溫飆升超過四十度時，市政府開放了避暑中心。
Enrolment at the local college surged after they cut tuition fees by half.
當地大學將學費減半後，入學人數急遽增加。
Demand for electric cars surged when new tax breaks were introduced.
政府推出新的稅務優惠後，電動車的需求激增。
文法句型
surge + adverb (by/up/past)
surge + to + amount
用法筆記
Subject is usually a quantity or statistic (prices, demand, population, profits). Commonly followed by an amount or percentage ('surge by 20%', 'surge to a record high').
常見錯誤
2. to rush forward all at once as a large group or mass
湧入；衝
人群或水體大規模快速前進
to rush forward all at once as a large group or mass
The crowd surged forward when the gates finally opened at eight o'clock.
大門終於在八點打開時，人群向前湧入。
surge forward / through / past / into
Water surged through the broken dam and flooded the fields below.
水流衝過受損的水壩，淹沒了下方的農田。
Fans surged onto the football pitch after the home team scored the winning goal.
主隊踢進致勝球後，球迷湧上足球場。
Protesters surged past the barriers and gathered in front of city hall.
抗議者衝過路障，聚集在市政廳前。
文法句型
surge + adverb (forward/through/past/into)
用法筆記
Typically followed by a direction adverb ('forward', 'through', 'past', 'into'). The subject is usually a crowd of people or a large body of water.
常見錯誤
3. if a feeling surges, it arrives suddenly and fills a person with great force
湧現
情緒突然強烈升起
if a feeling surges, it arrives suddenly and fills a person with great force
A deep sadness surged through Asher when he saw the empty house.
Asher 看到空蕩蕩的房子時，一股深沉的悲傷湧上心頭。
emotion + surge through/within/up
Excitement surged within Yuna as she opened the letter from the university.
Yuna 打開大學寄來的信時，內心湧起一陣興奮。
Anger surged inside Apinya when she realised someone had taken her bag.
Apinya 發現有人拿走了她的包包時，怒火在心中翻騰。
Hope surged in Omar's chest as the rescue team called his name.
救援隊伍喊到 Omar 的名字時，希望在他的胸口湧起。
- well up
suggests the feeling builds gradually inside; less sudden than 'surge'
- sweep over
like a wave passing over someone; slightly more dramatic
- rise
neutral and broad; does not imply suddenness
文法句型
emotion + surge + adverb (through/within/up)
用法筆記
Subject is always an abstract noun for a feeling (anger, excitement, hope, sadness, pride, relief). Followed by a prepositional phrase showing where the feeling is felt ('through', 'within', 'inside', 'in').
常見錯誤
4. to rise up and then fall back in a powerful rolling motion, used of the sea or a
翻湧
水面波濤洶湧起伏
to rise up and then fall back in a powerful rolling motion, used of the sea or a large body of water
The sea surged against the harbour wall during the terrible winter storm.
在那場可怕的冬季暴風雨中，海水翻湧拍打著防波堤。
[sea/ocean/river] surging against/over/up
Dark water surged over the deck as the boat rocked from side to side.
黑色的海水翻湧淹沒甲板，船身左右搖晃。
Waves surged along the coastline, washing away sand and pieces of driftwood.
海浪沿著海岸線翻湧，沖走了沙灘上的沙子和漂流木。
The river surged over its banks after three days of non-stop heavy rain.
連續三天不停的暴雨過後，河水翻湧越過堤岸。
文法句型
[body of water] + surge + adverb
用法筆記
Subject is always water-related (sea, ocean, waves, river, floodwater). More formal and literary than other senses. Not used for people or vehicles.