constricted
/kənˈstrɪkt/ (bre, ipa) · [kənstrˈɪktəd] /kənˈstrɪkt/ (ame, ipa) · [kənstrˈɪktəd] /kən-ˈstrikt/ (ame, mw) · /kənˈstrɪktɪd/ (bre, ipa) · [kənstrˈɪktəd] /kənˈstrɪktɪd/ (ame, ipa)
constricted — 動詞
- constrictedpresent simple I / you / we / they
- constricteds3rd person singular
- constricteding-ing form
- constrictededpast simple
1. When a tube-shaped body part, pipe, or opening becomes narrower, or when somethi
收縮；壓縮
管狀物變窄或使變窄
When a tube-shaped body part, pipe, or opening becomes narrower, or when something makes it narrower, so that the space inside gets smaller and flow through it is reduced.
The cold water caused the blood vessels in Jabari's fingers to constrict.
冷水導致 Jabari 手指的血管收縮。
causative: cold water + constrict + blood vessels
As the snake wrapped around its prey, its muscles began to constrict tightly.
當蛇纏住獵物時，牠的肌肉開始緊縮。
intransitive use with adverb 'tightly'
Doctors warned that smoking constricts the airways and makes breathing harder.
醫生警告說，吸菸會使呼吸道收縮，導致呼吸更加困難。
The rubber hose was constricted where the car tyre had rolled over it.
那條橡膠軟管被汽車輪胎壓過的地方變窄了。
Pupils constrict automatically when bright light enters the eye.
當強光進入眼睛時，瞳孔會自動縮小。
文法句型
constrict + noun phrase (transitive)
constrict (intransitive, no object)
用法筆記
Common in medical and biological contexts. Frequently used in the passive form (be constricted) or as an intransitive verb describing an automatic bodily response.
常見錯誤
2. To limit someone's freedom, choices, or natural behaviour by applying strict rul
限制；約束
透過規則或壓力限制行為
To limit someone's freedom, choices, or natural behaviour by applying strict rules, pressure, or conditions that make normal action difficult.
Eliska felt that the strict dress code constricted her personal style at work.
Eliska 覺得嚴格的服裝規定限制了她在工作中的個人風格。
transitive: constrict + personal style
The small budget constricted what the school could offer in after-class activities.
預算有限，限制了學校能提供的課後活動種類。
abstract subject: budget constricted options
New visa rules have constricted the flow of scientists attending international conferences.
新的簽證規定限制了科學家參加國際會議的交流。
Cole's creativity was constricted by the manager's demand for boring, safe designs.
Cole 的創造力被主管對無聊安全設計的要求所束縛。
The protesters argued that the new law constricts the right to peaceful assembly.
抗議者主張這項新法律限制了和平集會的權利。
文法句型
constrict + noun phrase (freedom, choices, movement)
be constricted by + noun phrase
用法筆記
Subject is typically a rule, law, budget, situation, or system — not a person directly. For direct interpersonal restriction, 'limit' or 'restrict' is more natural.
常見錯誤
constricted — 形容詞
- constrictedpositive
- more constrictedcomparative
- most constrictedsuperlative
1. Feeling uncomfortably tight or squeezed because the space or passage is narrower
狹窄的
通道或部位比正常窄
Feeling uncomfortably tight or squeezed because the space or passage is narrower than normal, making movement or flow difficult.
Reema's throat felt dry and constricted after the long run in cold air.
Reema 在冷空氣中長跑後，感到喉嚨又乾又緊。
body part + constricted: throat
The tunnel was so constricted that two people could not walk side by side.
那條隧道非常狹窄，兩個人無法並排行走。
constricted + space: tunnel
Hiro breathed through a constricted straw, gasping for enough air.
Hiro 用一根被壓扁的吸管吸氣，拚命想吸到足夠的空氣。
The doctor said Camila's blood vessels were abnormally constricted, which raised her blood pressure.
醫生說 Camila 的血管異常狹窄，導致她的血壓升高。
A constricted pipe caused the water pressure in the kitchen to drop sharply.
水管某處變窄，導致廚房水壓急遽下降。
用法筆記
Often describes body parts (throat, chest, blood vessels) or physical spaces (tunnel, corridor, pipe). Can describe a temporary or ongoing condition.
2. Severely limited in range, size, or amount, so that there is not enough variety,
有限的
範圍或數量嚴重受限
Severely limited in range, size, or amount, so that there is not enough variety, room, or freedom to meet normal needs.
The family lived on a constricted income that barely covered rent and food.
這家人靠著一份僅夠付房租和買食物的微薄收入過活。
constricted income — limited money
Asher looked for work in a constricted job market with very few openings.
Asher 在一個職缺極少、機會有限的就業市場找工作。
constricted job market — few opportunities
Students complained that the curriculum was too constricted and left no room for creative subjects.
學生們抱怨課程範圍太狹隘，沒有留空間給創意科目。
Yuna felt her social circle constricted after she moved to a small town.
Yuna 搬到一個小鎮後，覺得自己的社交圈變得很有限。
A constricted world view can make it hard to understand people from different cultures.
狹隘的世界觀會讓人難以理解來自不同文化的人。
- limited
simpler and more common; neutral in tone
- restricted
similar meaning; more official or rule-based
- narrow
works for range or perspective but less formal
用法筆記
Used with abstract nouns: income, market, view, options, perspective. Often describes a situation that feels unfairly limiting rather than naturally small.