cutoff
/ˈkʌt.ɒf/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈkʌt̬.ɑːf/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈkət-ˌȯf/ (ame, mw)
cutoff — 名詞
- cutoffsingular
- cutoffsplural
1. a specific level, date, age, or score chosen as the boundary that decides who or
上限；截止點
決定誰或什麼被納入的固定門檻值
a specific level, date, age, or score chosen as the boundary that decides who or what is included; anything past it gets excluded.
The university set 1,800 as the SAT cutoff for scholarship applicants this year.
這所大學今年將SAT分數的上限訂在一千八百分作為獎學金申請門檻。
cutoff + for [purpose] — the limit that gates eligibility
Renata missed the registration cutoff by two hours and lost her seat.
Renata 慢了兩小時錯過註冊截止點，因此失去了名額。
missed the cutoff — common collocation
Voters under the age cutoff cannot take part in the local referendum.
年齡未達上限的選民不能參加這次地方公投。
Our magazine has a Friday cutoff for stories appearing in the weekend edition.
我們雜誌週末版的稿件截止點訂在週五。
文法句型
cutoff + for + N
cutoff + date / point / age / score
用法筆記
Often paired with a category noun (age, score, date, time) before or after it, e.g. 'age cutoff', 'cutoff date'. Distinguish from sense 2 (which is the action of stopping a supply, not a boundary value).
常見錯誤
2. the moment when something that was being supplied — water, electricity, money, o
中斷供給
停止供應水電、援助等資源的時刻
the moment when something that was being supplied — water, electricity, money, or help — is stopped, usually as a punishment or because of a problem.
Tariq fixed the leak before the water cutoff was scheduled for noon.
Tariq 趕在中午水源中斷供給之前修好了漏水的地方。
[utility] + cutoff — typical compound noun
The sudden cutoff of foreign aid left the small clinic without medicine.
外國援助突然中斷供給，使這家小診所沒有藥品可用。
cutoff + of + [resource]
After three missed payments, the family received a power cutoff notice.
連續欠費三期後，這家人收到了電力中斷供給通知。
Hospitals near the border are bracing for a cutoff of medical supplies.
邊境附近的醫院正準備面對醫療物資的中斷供給。
- shutoff
near-identical; slightly more about mechanical stopping
- termination
formal; covers ending contracts, not just supplies
- stoppage
neutral; broader, also covers production lines
- restoration
the resumption of a stopped supply
文法句型
cutoff + of + N (water / aid / power)
用法筆記
Object of 'of' is typically a flowing resource (water, gas, power, aid, funding). Distinguish from sense 1 (a boundary value, not an act of stopping).
常見錯誤
3. a part on a pipe, engine, or circuit — often a valve or switch — that you turn o
關斷裝置
用來切斷流體或電力的閥門或開關
a part on a pipe, engine, or circuit — often a valve or switch — that you turn or press to stop the flow of liquid, gas, or electricity.
Daichi installed an emergency cutoff under the kitchen sink last weekend.
Daichi 上週末在廚房水槽底下裝了一個緊急關斷裝置。
emergency cutoff — safety-device compound
The mechanic showed Layla where the fuel cutoff was located on the engine.
技師向 Layla 指出引擎上燃油關斷裝置的位置。
fuel cutoff — automotive compound
Press the red cutoff if the machine starts smoking or making a loud noise.
如果機器開始冒煙或發出怪聲，請按下紅色的關斷裝置。
Every gas line in the building has a cutoff near its main entrance.
這棟建築的每條瓦斯管線在總出入口附近都設有關斷裝置。
- shutoff
more common in American English plumbing contexts
- kill switch
informal; specifically for emergency-stop devices
- stopcock
British English; specific to water taps under the floor
文法句型
cutoff + valve / switch / lever
用法筆記
Often a short form of 'cutoff valve' or 'cutoff switch'. Subject is typically a physical system (pipe, engine, line). Distinguish from sense 2 (the act of stopping a supply, not the device that does it).
常見錯誤
4. casual shorts that someone has made by taking an old pair of long jeans or trous
剪短的牛仔褲
從長褲剪去褲管做成的休閒短褲
casual shorts that someone has made by taking an old pair of long jeans or trousers and cutting the leg parts away with scissors.
Mayumi made cutoffs from her old jeans and wore them to the beach picnic.
Mayumi 把她舊的牛仔褲剪短後，穿著去海邊野餐。
made cutoffs from + jeans — origin pattern
Otis spent the entire summer in a pair of frayed denim cutoffs and sandals.
Otis 整個夏天都穿著一條磨毛邊的丹寧剪短褲和涼鞋。
a pair of + cutoffs — typical count phrase
The festival dress code bans cutoffs but allows other casual summer shorts.
音樂節的服裝規定禁止穿剪短的牛仔褲，但允許其他休閒夏季短褲。
Jisoo's cutoffs were unraveling at the hem after three years of weekend wear.
經過三年的週末穿著，Jisoo 的剪短褲褲腳開始脫線了。
- denim shorts
neutral; doesn't imply they were cut from longer jeans
- jorts
very informal; jean shorts (slang blend of jeans + shorts)
文法句型
a pair of cutoffs
wear cutoffs
用法筆記
Almost always plural ('cutoffs'), like 'trousers' or 'jeans'. Use 'a pair of cutoffs' for one item. Informal register; not used in formal clothing descriptions.
常見錯誤
cutoff — 動詞
- cutoffpresent simple I / you / we / they
- cutoffs3rd person singular
- cutoffing-ing form
- cutoffedpast simple
1. to stop a liquid, gas, or power from being able to pass through a pipe, wire, or
切斷供給
讓水、瓦斯、電力等無法流通到某地
to stop a liquid, gas, or power from being able to pass through a pipe, wire, or supply line into a place where it normally goes.
The flood cutoff fresh water to two neighbourhoods near the river.
洪水切斷了流向河邊兩個社區的乾淨用水。
cutoff + [resource] + to + [place]
Workers cutoff the gas line before drilling near the main road.
工人在主要道路附近開挖之前先切斷了瓦斯管線。
cutoff + [line / supply] before + V-ing
A fallen tree cutoff electricity to Mira's entire village last night.
昨晚一棵倒下的樹切斷了 Mira 整個村子的供電。
The engineer cutoff the cold tap and let the pipes warm up.
工程師關上了冷水龍頭，讓水管慢慢回暖。
- restore
bring back a previously stopped supply
文法句型
cutoff + N (water / gas / power)
用法筆記
Object is typically a flowing resource (water, gas, oil, power). Frequently in passive: 'water was cutoff'. Distinguish from sense 3 (stopping a machine running), where the object is a machine, not what flows through it.
常見錯誤
2. to bring something — a programme, a payment, a conversation, a life — to an end
終止；中止
讓某活動或進行中事物突然提前結束
to bring something — a programme, a payment, a conversation, a life — to an end before it would naturally finish, often suddenly.
The donor cutoff funding for the after-school programme without warning.
捐款人毫無預警地終止了課後輔導計畫的經費。
cutoff + funding — administrative ending
Heart disease cutoff the artist's career when she was only forty-two.
心臟病在這位藝術家四十二歲時中止了她的職業生涯。
abstract subject + cutoff + [career/life]
Tara's parents cutoff her allowance after she failed the chemistry course.
Tara 化學被當之後，父母停發了她的零用錢。
The board cutoff negotiations and walked out of the meeting room.
董事會中止了談判，逕自離開了會議室。
- terminate
formal; common in contracts and employment contexts
- discontinue
neutral; suggests a planned rather than sudden end
- halt
emphasises stopping in mid-progress
- continue
let something keep going as planned
文法句型
cutoff + N (programme / funding / negotiations)
用法筆記
Object is typically an ongoing activity, payment, or life event — not a flowing resource (compare sense 1). Often signals abrupt or unwelcome ending.
常見錯誤
3. to make a machine, engine, or motor stop running by flipping a switch, pressing
關停機器
以開關或控制讓機器停止運轉
to make a machine, engine, or motor stop running by flipping a switch, pressing a button, or using a special control.
Hari cutoff the lawn-mower the moment it started smoking near the fence.
除草機在圍籬附近開始冒煙的瞬間，Hari 立刻關停了機器。
cutoff + [machine] — emergency stop
The pilot cutoff the second engine after takeoff to save fuel.
機師在起飛後關停了第二具引擎以節省燃油。
cutoff + engine — aviation context
Madison cutoff the water pump before unscrewing the rusted bolt.
Madison 在拆下生鏽螺絲之前先關停了水泵。
Always cutoff the saw before reaching across the blade for safety.
為了安全，伸手跨過鋸片之前一定要關停電鋸。
- switch off
neutral; for electrical appliances
- shut down
implies a fuller stop, often takes longer
- kill
informal; common for engines and motors
- start up
begin running a machine
文法句型
cutoff + N (engine / motor / pump)
用法筆記
Object is the machine itself (engine, pump, mower), not what the machine handles. Distinguish from sense 1, where the object is the resource flowing through equipment, not the equipment itself.
常見錯誤
4. to separate a person, place, or group from contact with others — often because o
隔絕；阻隔
讓人或地方與外界的聯繫被切斷
to separate a person, place, or group from contact with others — often because of physical barriers, social conflict, or a chosen withdrawal.
The snowstorm cutoff the mountain village from the outside world for six days.
暴風雪讓這個山間村落與外界隔絕長達六天。
cutoff + [place] + from + [other place]
After the argument, Diya cutoff her cousins from all family gatherings.
爭吵之後，Diya 把她的表親們阻隔在所有家族聚會之外。
social isolation — interpersonal cutoff
The new fence cutoff the chickens from the vegetable beds behind the house.
新裝的圍籬將雞群與屋後的菜園隔絕開來。
Walid felt cutoff from his old friends after moving across the country.
Walid 搬到外地後，感覺自己與老朋友們完全被隔絕了。
- reunite
bring together what was separated
文法句型
cutoff + N + from + N
be cutoff from + N
用法筆記
Very commonly passive: 'be cutoff from X'. The 'from' phrase names what the subject is now separated from. Distinguish from sense 5 (disinherit), which is a legal-financial removal from family inheritance, not general social isolation.
常見錯誤
5. to formally remove a family member — usually in a will — so that they will not r
剝奪繼承權
在遺囑中正式取消某親屬的繼承資格
to formally remove a family member — usually in a will — so that they will not receive any money or property after the writer's death.
Old Mr Vance cutoff his eldest son after the gambling scandal made headlines.
賭博醜聞登上頭條後，老 Vance 先生剝奪了長子的繼承權。
cutoff + [relative] + after + [cause]
The will cutoff Tyler without a single dollar, leaving everything to the housekeeper.
遺囑剝奪了 Tyler 的繼承權，將所有財產留給了管家。
cutoff + N + without + a + [coin]
The lawyer warned Astrid that her father could legally cutoff any of his children.
律師警告 Astrid，她的父親在法律上可以剝奪任一子女的繼承權。
After the public quarrel, the heiress threatened to cutoff her sister from the estate.
公開爭吵之後，這位女繼承人威脅要將姊妹從遺產中除名。
- disinherit
formal legal term; precise single-word equivalent
- disown
broader; includes ending the relationship, not only the inheritance
- include
name someone as a recipient in a will
文法句型
cutoff + N + without + N (a penny / a cent)
用法筆記
Almost always involves wills, inheritance, or trust funds. Object is a relative; common follow-up is 'without a penny' or 'without a cent'. Distinguish from sense 4 (general isolation), which is about contact, not inheritance.
常見錯誤
6. for a bartender or host to refuse to give a customer or guest any more alcoholic
拒供酒精
酒保或主人不再供應客人酒精飲料
for a bartender or host to refuse to give a customer or guest any more alcoholic drinks, usually because the person has already drunk too much.
The bartender at O'Brien's cutoff Kevin after his fifth whisky of the evening.
O'Brien's 酒吧的酒保在 Kevin 喝完第五杯威士忌後就拒供他酒精飲料了。
bartender + cutoff + [customer]
Arjun politely cutoff the loud guest who was slurring his words at midnight.
Arjun 客氣地拒絕再供酒給午夜時已口齒不清的喧鬧客人。
host + cutoff + [guest]
Hotel staff are trained to cutoff anyone who looks unsteady at the bar.
飯店人員都受過訓練，會對任何在吧台站不穩的客人拒供酒精。
Mira cutoff her own father at the wedding because he had already had too much wine.
Mira 在婚禮上拒絕再供酒給自己的父親，因為他已喝了太多紅酒。
- refuse service
more formal phrasing used in policies and signs
- serve
give a customer another drink
文法句型
cutoff + N (a customer / a guest)
用法筆記
Subject is the person serving drinks; object is the drinker. Sense is specific to alcohol service in bars, restaurants, weddings, etc. — not general food or other drinks.
常見錯誤
7. to stop a person speaking by interrupting them, or to break a phone or video cal
打斷對話
中斷別人講話或讓通話突然斷線
to stop a person speaking by interrupting them, or to break a phone or video call before the other person has finished what they were saying.
Baraka cutoff his colleague mid-sentence to point out the missed deadline.
Baraka 在同事話講到一半時打斷了對話，指出錯過的截止日期。
cutoff + N + mid-sentence — interruption pattern
The poor signal cutoff Élise during her job interview over the phone.
訊號太差，把 Élise 在電話面試中的對話打斷了好幾次。
non-human cause + cutoff + person (signal loss)
Ari kept getting cutoff during the video call because of the slow internet.
因為網路很慢，Ari 在視訊會議中一直被打斷對話。
Please don't cutoff your sister while she is explaining what happened at school.
妹妹正在解釋學校發生的事，請不要打斷她的對話。
- let finish
allow the speaker to complete their thought
文法句型
cutoff + N + mid-sentence
cutoff + N + before + clause
用法筆記
Either a person interrupting speech, or a technical failure (poor signal, dropped call) ending the audio. Subject is the interrupter or the cause; object is the speaker.
常見錯誤
8. for a machine, engine, or motor to stop running by itself, usually because somet
自動停機
機器因故障或保護機制而自行停止運轉
for a machine, engine, or motor to stop running by itself, usually because something inside it has failed or a safety control has been triggered.
The pump cutoff automatically when the water tank reached the maximum level.
水泵在儲水達到最高水位時自動停機。
intransitive: subject = machine
Our chainsaw cutoff suddenly halfway through the oak branch in the yard.
我們家的電鋸鋸到院子裡橡樹枝的一半時突然自動停機了。
cutoff + suddenly — abrupt self-stop
The fridge cutoff again last night, and the milk turned warm by morning.
我們家的冰箱昨晚又自動停機，到了早上牛奶都變溫了。
Old generators tend to cutoff when the temperature drops below freezing.
舊型發電機在氣溫降到零度以下時容易自動停機。
- keep running
continue operating without stopping
文法句型
[machine] + cutoff
用法筆記
Intransitive — no object after the verb. Subject is always the machine itself. Distinguish from sense 3 (someone cutoff the machine), where a person turns it off deliberately.