drain
/dreɪn/ (bre, ipa) · /dreɪn/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈdrān/ (ame, mw)
drain — 動詞
- drainpresent simple I / you / we / they
- drainshe / she / it
- drainedpast simple
- draining-ing form
1. to make a container, a piece of food, or an area empty of liquid by letting the
排乾；瀝乾
移除液體使容器或表面變乾
to make a container, a piece of food, or an area empty of liquid by letting the liquid flow away; or for liquid to flow away by itself so that a surface becomes dry.
After boiling the pasta, Felipe drained the water into the kitchen sink.
煮好義大利麵後，Felipe 把水倒進廚房水槽瀝乾。
drain + object of liquid (water)
The garden soil drains quickly because it has a lot of sand mixed in.
這花園的土壤排水很快，因為裡面摻了很多沙子。
intransitive: subject + drains + adverb
The mechanic drained all the old oil from the engine before refilling it.
技師在重新注入新機油前，先把引擎裡所有的舊機油排掉。
Putri drained the canned tuna and stirred the fish into her salad.
Putri 把罐頭鮪魚瀝乾，再把魚肉拌進她的沙拉裡。
Rainwater from the roof drains through pipes that carry it to the street.
屋頂的雨水經由水管排出，最後流入街道的排水系統。
文法句型
drain + object (liquid or container)
object + drains (adverb of manner)
用法筆記
Transitive use requires an object that holds liquid (a container, food, engine, ground). Intransitive use describes how a surface or area loses liquid naturally.
常見錯誤
2. to drink every drop of liquid from a glass, cup, or bottle, emptying it complete
喝光；飲盡
一口氣喝完杯中所有飲料
to drink every drop of liquid from a glass, cup, or bottle, emptying it completely.
After his long run, Eitan drained his water bottle in one long gulp.
長跑結束後，Eitan 一口氣喝光了他水壺裡的水。
drain + container of drink after activity
Dahlia drained the last of her coffee and stood up to leave the cafe.
Dahlia 喝掉杯裡最後一點咖啡，然後起身離開咖啡廳。
The children drained their juice glasses before racing outside to play.
孩子們喝光杯中的果汁，然後衝到外面去玩。
At the party, Uncle Ray drained his wine glass with a satisfied smile.
派對上，Ray 叔叔心滿意足地笑著，把杯中的紅酒一飲而盡。
- sip
to drink slowly in small amounts
文法句型
drain + glass / cup / bottle
用法筆記
This sense is only used for drinking. You cannot 'drain a bowl of soup' in the same way — that would be the REMOVE LIQUID sense if you pour the soup out, or a different verb (finish/eat) if you consume it with a spoon.
常見錯誤
3. to make a person feel extremely tired, with no physical or emotional energy left
耗盡精力
使人極度疲憊無力
to make a person feel extremely tired, with no physical or emotional energy left to continue.
Taking care of three young children all day drains even the most energetic parents.
整天照顧三個年幼的孩子，連最有活力的父母也會被累垮。
drain + person (object)
The long flight and time zone change completely drained Élise for two days.
長途飛行加上時差，讓 Élise 整整兩天都筋疲力盡。
Working overtime every night is starting to drain the energy from the whole team.
每晚加班正在慢慢耗盡整個團隊的精力。
Climbing six flights of stairs with heavy bags drained Yasmin completely.
提著沉重的行李爬了六層樓，讓 Yasmin 徹底累癱了。
文法句型
drain + person
drain + person's + energy / strength / spirit
用法筆記
Often used in continuous or progressive forms ('this job is draining me'). Subject is typically an activity or situation, not a person deliberately causing exhaustion.
常見錯誤
4. to gradually use up or reduce an amount of money, resources, or supplies until v
消耗；耗竭
逐漸用光金錢、資源或物資
to gradually use up or reduce an amount of money, resources, or supplies until very little or nothing remains.
The expensive hospital treatment drained most of the family's savings.
昂貴的醫院治療幾乎花光了這家人大部分的積蓄。
drain + money / savings
Years of conflict drained the country's resources and weakened its economy.
多年的衝突消耗了國家的資源，也削弱了它的經濟。
Running the air conditioner all summer drains a huge amount of electricity.
整個夏天開冷氣會消耗大量的電力。
Vikram watched his small savings drain away as the medical bills piled up.
Vikram 眼睜睜看著自己微薄的積蓄因為醫療帳單堆積而逐漸耗盡。
The constant demand for new equipment drained the department's entire annual budget.
對新設備不斷的需求，耗盡了該部門一整年的預算。
文法句型
drain + resources / money / funds
resources + drain away / out
用法筆記
Distinguish from EXHAUST sense: DEPLETE applies to resources (money, supplies, electricity), not directly to a person's energy. However, you can say 'drain someone's energy' — that crosses into the EXHAUST sense. If the object is a resource or supply, use this sense.
常見錯誤
5. to lose colour from your face, so that you look pale, usually because of shock,
血色褪去
因驚嚇或生病而臉色蒼白
to lose colour from your face, so that you look pale, usually because of shock, fear, illness, or a sudden strong emotion.
The colour drained from Layla's face when she heard the terrible news.
Layla 聽到那可怕的消息時，臉色瞬間刷白。
colour + drains from + face
Andrew's cheeks drained of blood as the nurse prepared the injection.
護士準備打針的時候，Andrew 的雙頰頓時血色盡失。
Emre's face slowly drained of colour as the reality of the situation sank in.
Emre 的臉色隨著他逐漸理解現實狀況而慢慢變得蒼白。
Tariro felt the warmth drain from his cheeks as he realised his mistake.
Tariro 意識到自己犯錯時，感到臉頰上的溫度瞬間冷卻下來。
- flush
to become red in the face, the opposite of turning pale
文法句型
colour / blood + drains from + face
face + drains of + colour
用法筆記
Only used for faces and the appearance of pallor. Not used for objects losing colour (use 'fade' instead). The subject is typically 'colour', 'blood', or the person's face itself.
常見錯誤
drain — 名詞
- drainsingular
- drainsplural
1. a tube or channel in a building or beside a road that waste water and rain flow
排水管
排放廢水或雨水的管道
a tube or channel in a building or beside a road that waste water and rain flow through to be carried away.
A blocked drain in the kitchen caused water to spread across the floor.
廚房的一條排水管堵塞了，導致水流得滿地都是。
blocked + drain
The city workers inspected the drains under the main road for cracks.
市政府的工人檢查了主要道路下方的排水管是否有裂縫。
Fallen leaves had blocked the drain behind the apartment building.
落葉堵塞了公寓大樓後面的排水管。
Heavy rain flooded the street drains and water pooled on the pavement.
暴雨導致街道排水管淹滿，水在人行道上積了起來。
The gardener cleared the drain that ran along the side of the house.
園丁清理了沿著房子側邊的那條排水渠道。
文法句型
a/the + drain
drains (plural)
用法筆記
A countable noun. 'The drains' (plural) often refers to the whole pipe network of a building. In British English, 'drain' is more specific than 'drainpipe' (which carries water from the roof).
常見錯誤
2. the entire network of pipes, channels, and openings designed to remove rain wate
排水系統
建築物或城鎮的排水管線網絡
the entire network of pipes, channels, and openings designed to remove rain water and waste water from a town, building, or area.
The city's drainage system was built over a hundred years ago.
這座城市的排水系統是一百多年前建造的。
possessive: city's + drain system
The village lacks a proper drainage system for household waste water.
這個村莊缺乏一套完善的排水系統來處理家庭廢水。
After the storm, the town upgraded its drainage system to prevent future floods.
暴風雨過後，該鎮升級了排水系統，以防止未來再發生水災。
The building's drains connect to the main city system underground.
這棟建築的排水管連接到地下的城市主要排水系統。
- drainage
uncountable noun for the system or process; 'the drainage here is poor'
- sewer system
specifically for human waste, not rain water
- plumbing
the system of pipes inside a building, including water supply
文法句型
the drains (plural)
a drain system
用法筆記
Distinguish from WASTE PIPE (a single pipe). This sense describes the whole infrastructure. 'The drains' (plural with definite article) often serves as shorthand for the system. May be used as 'drain system' or 'drainage system'.
3. the opening at the bottom of a sink, bath, or washbasin that lets water leave, a
排水孔
水槽或浴缸底部讓水流出的小洞
the opening at the bottom of a sink, bath, or washbasin that lets water leave, and that you cover with a plug to keep the water inside.
The kitchen sink drain was clogged with food scraps and grease.
廚房水槽的排水孔被食物殘渣和油脂堵住了。
sink + drain (specific location)
Yuki pulled the plug from the bath drain and watched the water swirl away.
Yuki 把浴缸排水孔的塞子拔起來，看著水旋轉流走。
Hair often gets caught in the shower drain and blocks the water flow.
頭髮經常卡在淋浴間的排水孔裡，阻礙水流。
Put a small strainer over the sink drain to catch food particles.
在水槽排水孔上放一個小濾網，可以攔住食物殘渣。
文法句型
the + drain (in/on + sink / bath / shower)
用法筆記
Often modified by the fixture it belongs to ('bath drain', 'sink drain', 'shower drain'). The plug is a separate object inserted into the drain. 'Drain' alone can mean this hole in context.
常見錯誤
4. a person, activity, or situation that leaves you with no energy, draining your m
耗神之事
讓人感到極度疲憊的人事物
a person, activity, or situation that leaves you with no energy, draining your mental or physical strength.
Commuting for two hours every day is a real drain on my energy.
每天通勤兩小時真的很耗費我的精力。
a + drain + on + energy
Looking after a sick parent can be a huge emotional drain on the family.
照顧生病的父母對家人來說是很大的情緒負擔。
The construction noise was a constant drain on everyone's patience at work.
施工噪音不斷消耗著辦公室裡每個人的耐心。
Working two jobs became too much of a drain on Sofie's physical health.
兼兩份工作對 Sofie 的身體健康造成了太大的負擔。
文法句型
a + drain + on + someone's + energy / patience
用法筆記
Followed by 'on' + the resource being drained (energy, patience, health). The subject is the tiring cause; the 'on' phrase names what is being used up.
常見錯誤
5. something that consumes more money, time, or other resources than you are willin
負擔；消耗
消耗大量金錢或時間的事物
something that consumes more money, time, or other resources than you are willing to spend.
The old car was a constant drain on Dylan's wallet due to frequent repairs.
那輛老車因為頻繁維修，成了 Dylan 錢包的一個無底洞。
Heating the large house in winter was a serious drain on the family budget.
冬天幫這棟大房子供暖，對家庭預算是一大消耗。
a + drain + on + budget
The legal fees were a huge financial drain on the small company.
律師費對這家小公司來說是一筆巨大的財務負擔。
Hosting the Olympics was a major financial drain on the host city's resources.
主辦奧運會對主辦城市的資源是一項重大的財務消耗。
文法句型
a + drain + on + resources / budget / funds / time
用法筆記
Distinguish from ENERGY DRAIN: this sense involves concrete resources (money, time, supplies) rather than emotional or physical energy. Often modified by 'financial', 'economic', or 'budgetary'.
常見錯誤
6. the action or process of liquid flowing away from something, or of being removed
排水；引流
液體被排出的過程或動作
the action or process of liquid flowing away from something, or of being removed from it.
The drain of water from the swimming pool took nearly four hours.
將游泳池的水排空，總共花了將近四個小時。
the + drain + of + liquid (noun phrase)
Proper drain of the wound is important for preventing infection after surgery.
傷口妥善引流對於預防術後感染很重要。
The slow drain of oil from the engine worried the mechanic.
引擎機油緩慢滲漏的現象讓技師很擔心。
Farmers planned the drain of the flooded fields to save their crops.
農民們計畫將淹水的田地排水，以搶救他們的作物。
- filling
the act of adding liquid
文法句型
the + drain + of + liquid
drain (as process)
用法筆記
Typically used with 'of' to specify what is being drained. Uncountable when describing the general concept ('Drain of fluid is normal'), countable when referring to a specific instance ('a quick drain of the tank').