excommunication
/ˌek.skəˌmjuː.nɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌek.skəˌmjuː.nəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ (ame, ipa) · /ˌek-skə-ˌmyü-nə-ˈkā-shən/ (ame, mw)
excommunication — 名詞
- excommunicationsingular
- excommunicationsplural
1. a church's formal decision to remove a member from its community, especially in
逐出教會
教會正式取消成員身分的處分
a church's formal decision to remove a member from its community, especially in the Roman Catholic tradition, so that the person can no longer receive the sacraments or be treated as belonging to the faith.
The bishop announced the excommunication of three priests who had openly rejected church teaching.
主教宣布將三名公開反對教會教義的神父逐出教會。
excommunication of [person] — formal announcement pattern
In medieval Europe, excommunication was one of the most feared punishments a king could face.
在中世紀的歐洲，被逐出教會是國王最害怕面對的處罰之一。
historical context: feared social and political consequence
Roya wrote her thesis on how excommunication from the Roman Catholic Church shaped European politics.
Roya 的論文研究的是被羅馬天主教會開除教籍如何影響了歐洲的政治。
Several theologians argued that excommunication should never be used as a political weapon.
好幾位神學家主張，開除教籍絕不應該被當成政治武器使用。
After years of public dispute, the priest faced excommunication for refusing to obey the Vatican.
在多年的公開爭議之後，這位神父因為拒絕服從梵蒂岡而面臨被逐出教會的處分。
- expulsion
broader; works for any organisation, while excommunication is religious
- anathema
more severe form of excommunication in older Catholic usage; rare in modern English
- banishment
removal from a place or community in general; not specifically religious
- communion
the state of being a full member of the church, the opposite condition
- reinstatement
formal return to church membership after excommunication is lifted
文法句型
excommunication of [person]
excommunication from [the Church]
用法筆記
Almost always tied to Christian churches, especially the Roman Catholic Church. Often appears with the prepositions 'of' (the person being expelled) and 'from' (the church doing the expelling). Used both as a count noun (a specific case) and uncountable (the practice in general).