faculties
faculties — 名詞
1. the basic natural powers a person is born with for thinking clearly, remembering
官能；機能
與生俱來的感知與思考能力
the basic natural powers a person is born with for thinking clearly, remembering, seeing, hearing, and moving — usually mentioned together when talking about whether someone still has them in old age or after an illness.
At ninety-two, Grandma Lotte still has all her faculties and reads two books a week.
九十二歲的 Lotte 奶奶官能依然健全，每週能讀完兩本書。
have all one's faculties — fixed phrase about being mentally sharp
The stroke left Ramón weak on one side, but his mental faculties were completely unharmed.
中風讓 Ramón 半邊身體變得無力，但他的思考機能完全沒受影響。
mental faculties — common collocation for thinking abilities
Tamar drinks black coffee every morning to sharpen her faculties before the long meeting.
Tamar 每天早上喝黑咖啡，好讓自己的官能在開長會前更敏銳。
The witness was tired and frightened, so the judge asked whether she was in full possession of her faculties.
證人又累又害怕，法官因此詢問她當時是否完全處於神智清楚的狀態。
Long flights leave Hugo so jet-lagged that his faculties barely work for two days.
長途飛行讓 Hugo 嚴重時差，官能整整兩天幾乎運作不起來。
- wits
informal, similar fixed phrase 'have one's wits about one'
- senses
overlaps but emphasises perception and sound judgement
- mental powers
two-word equivalent often used in medical or legal writing
文法句型
one's faculties
in possession of one's faculties
用法筆記
Almost always plural in this meaning. Frequently appears in the fixed phrases 'have all one's faculties', 'mental faculties', and 'in (full) possession of one's faculties'. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense covers the basic powers everyone has (seeing, thinking, remembering), not a special talent.
常見錯誤
2. particular talents a person has for doing certain things well, such as picking u
天賦；才能
在特定領域天生的本事
particular talents a person has for doing certain things well, such as picking up languages, judging colour, or remembering faces — often used in the plural to list several gifts together.
Wren showed remarkable faculties for music from the age of three, playing tunes by ear.
Wren 從三歲起就展現出驚人的音樂天賦，能聽過就把曲子彈出來。
faculties for + noun — typical pattern for listing talents
The young architect was praised for her creative faculties and her sharp eye for detail.
這位年輕建築師因為創作才能與敏銳的細節觀察力而備受稱讚。
creative faculties — common collocation
Ritu has unusual faculties for picking up languages and now speaks five fluently.
Ritu 在學語言方面擁有過人的天賦，目前能流利使用五種語言。
Long years on the farm developed Lakan's faculties for reading the weather from the clouds.
長年在農場的生活，培養出 Lakan 從雲層判讀天氣的本事。
文法句型
a faculty for sth
faculties for doing sth
用法筆記
Takes 'for' + noun or '-ing' to name the activity (faculties for music / for picking up tunes). Distinguish from sense 1: sense 1 covers basic powers everyone has, while sense 2 names special talents not everyone possesses. Singular 'a faculty for' is more common than the plural for this meaning.
常見錯誤
3. the teachers and professors at two or more schools or universities, considered a
教職員群
多所學校的全體教師群
the teachers and professors at two or more schools or universities, considered as a single group — usually mentioned when comparing institutions, listing positions across several campuses, or talking about a system as a whole.
The faculties of Harvard and Yale signed a joint letter supporting the protesting students.
Harvard 與 Yale 的全體教職員聯名寫信，聲援抗議的學生。
the faculties of [institution] and [institution] — typical American usage
Salary cuts affected the faculties of every public university in the state of Ohio.
減薪影響到 Ohio 州每一所公立大學的全體教職員。
the faculties of every [type of] university — collective reference
Christopher interviewed faculties across twelve community colleges for his book on rural education.
Christopher 為了寫鄉村教育的書，走訪了十二所社區大學的教職員群。
Both faculties voted to reject the new academic calendar at last week's meeting.
兩校教職員都在上週的會議上投票否決了新的學年行事曆。
- teaching staff
more general, works on either side of the Atlantic
- academics
stresses scholars rather than instructors
- professors
informal cover term for university teachers
- students
the taught body, contrasted with the teaching body
- administrators
non-teaching staff who run the institution
文法句型
the faculties of [universities]
across multiple faculties
用法筆記
American English, plural form. Used when referring to teaching staff at more than one institution; for a single institution, 'the faculty' (singular) is more common. Distinguish from sense 4: this sense means the people who teach, while sense 4 means academic departments.
常見錯誤
4. the main divisions of a university that group related subjects together, such as
學院；學群
大學中依學科劃分的主要部門
the main divisions of a university that group related subjects together, such as the medicine division or the arts division — usually mentioned when describing how a university is organised, listing programmes, or moving between branches.
Oxford has separate faculties of law, medicine, and theology, each with its own dean.
Oxford 設有獨立的法學院、醫學院與神學學院，各自由一位院長負責。
faculties of [subject], [subject], and [subject] — listing pattern
Élise transferred between two faculties before settling on history in her second year.
Élise 在大二定下歷史系之前，曾在兩個學院之間轉換過。
Budget cuts hit the arts and humanities faculties harder than the sciences.
預算刪減對人文與藝術學群的衝擊，比理工學群來得嚴重。
The new library will be open to students from all faculties across the university.
新圖書館將開放給全校各學院的學生使用。
- schools
American equivalent for major university divisions
- departments
smaller subject units, often grouped inside a faculty
- divisions
neutral term used at many institutions
文法句型
the faculties of [subject]
across all faculties
用法筆記
British and Commonwealth English. Used when listing the major subject divisions of a single university; American universities more often use 'schools' or 'colleges' for the same structure. Distinguish from sense 3: this sense names departments, while sense 3 names the teachers themselves.