file
file — 動詞
1. to put documents, letters, or forms into a particular order and store them in a
歸檔
將文件按順序整理存放
to put documents, letters, or forms into a particular order and store them in a container so that you can find them again later
Wei filed all the invoices by date in the grey metal cabinet.
Wei 按日期將所有發票歸檔到灰色金屬櫃中。
file + noun phrase + by + category
The office assistant filed the signed contracts alphabetically before the weekend.
辦公室助理在週末前將簽好的合約按字母順序歸檔。
Kwame spent an hour filing old medical records in the basement storage room.
Kwame 花了一小時將舊病歷歸檔到地下儲藏室裡。
The librarian filed the returned picture books on the shelves by category.
圖書館員將歸還的繪本按類別排列在書架上。
- store
broader; can mean keeping anything anywhere, not necessarily in an organized system
- categorize
focuses on sorting by type rather than physically putting into a container
- discard
to throw away rather than keep in order
文法句型
file + noun phrase
用法筆記
The direct object is usually a group of documents (invoices, contracts, forms) rather than a single piece of paper.
常見錯誤
2. to give an official document such as a tax return, an application, or a claim to
提交；申報
向官方機構繳交文件
to give an official document such as a tax return, an application, or a claim to a government department or similar organization
Ananya filed her tax return online before the April fifteenth deadline.
Ananya 在四月十五日截止日前在網路上申報了稅務。
file + tax return / application / claim
Chen filed a formal complaint with the local health department about the restaurant.
Chen 向當地衛生局提交了一份關於那家餐廳的正式投訴。
Valentina filed for unemployment benefits after the factory closed down.
Valentina 在工廠倒閉後申請了失業救濟金。
The bakery owner filed the necessary permits with the city council.
麵包店老闆向市議會提交了必要的許可文件。
文法句型
file + noun phrase
file for + noun phrase
用法筆記
Commonly used with 'tax return', 'complaint', 'application', 'claim', 'permit'. The preposition 'for' is used when the object is the thing being requested rather than the document itself.
常見錯誤
3. to start a legal case or make a formal record in a court of law by submitting th
提起（訴訟）；提出（控告）
向法院正式提交法律文書
to start a legal case or make a formal record in a court of law by submitting the required documents, for example a lawsuit, a charge, or a petition
Qadir filed a lawsuit against the construction company for unsafe working conditions.
Qadir 以不安全的工作環境為由，對建築公司提起訴訟。
file a lawsuit / a charge / a motion
The couple filed for divorce after being married for fifteen years.
那對夫妻在結婚十五年後申請離婚。
Thandiwe filed a complaint with the district court about the unfair eviction.
Thandiwe 就遭到不當驅逐一案向地方法院提出申訴。
The defence lawyer filed a motion to dismiss the case on procedural grounds.
辯護律師以程序問題為由，提出駁回案件的動議。
文法句型
file + noun phrase
file for + noun phrase
file + that-clause
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2 (SUBMIT DOCUMENTS): sense 3 specifically involves legal proceedings at a courthouse. 'File for' with a legal outcome (divorce, bankruptcy) belongs here.
常見錯誤
4. when a journalist sends a news article, report, or story to the main office of a
發送（報導）
記者將新聞稿傳回編輯部
when a journalist sends a news article, report, or story to the main office of a newspaper, radio station, or news website, often by electronic means
The war correspondent filed a story about the refugee camp from Beirut.
戰地記者從貝魯特發回一篇關於難民營的報導。
file a story / a report / an article from [location]
Ximena filed her report on the election results just before midnight.
Ximena 在午夜前發回了選舉結果的報導。
The sports journalist filed three short articles from the Olympic stadium.
體育記者從奧運體育場發回了三篇短篇文章。
Noa filed a breaking news update about the earthquake from the capital city.
Noa 從首都發回了關於地震的最新即時新聞。
文法句型
file + noun phrase (story/report/article)
用法筆記
Almost exclusively used in journalism. The subject is always a reporter or journalist; the object is a piece of news content (story, report, article, column).
5. to walk one after another in a single line, each person following the person in
魚貫而行
一個接一個地排隊行進
to walk one after another in a single line, each person following the person in front
The children filed into the classroom quietly after the bell rang.
孩子們在鈴響後安靜地魚貫走進教室。
file into / out of / past / through — movement preposition
The audience filed out of the theatre slowly after the final curtain.
觀眾在最後一幕結束後緩緩魚貫走出劇院。
Ivan watched the soldiers file past the memorial in total silence.
Ivan 看著士兵們默默地魚貫走過紀念碑。
The passengers filed through the narrow gate one by one.
乘客們逐一通過狹窄的閘門。
文法句型
file + adverb/preposition (into/out/through/past)
用法筆記
Always used with a preposition or adverb indicating direction (into, out of, past, through, in). The verb itself describes the single-file formation; the direction is expressed by the following particle.
常見錯誤
6. to rub a wooden, metal, or plastic object with a rough metal tool in order to ma
銼平；打磨
用銼刀磨平物體表面
to rub a wooden, metal, or plastic object with a rough metal tool in order to make its surface smooth, flat, or a particular shape
Theo filed the rough edge of the wooden shelf until it felt smooth.
Theo 將木架粗糙的邊緣銼到平滑為止。
file + object + smooth / flat / down
Minh filed down the metal latch so the door would close properly.
Minh 將金屬門閂銼平，讓門能順利關上。
The jeweller filed away the tiny scratches on the silver ring.
珠寶商將銀戒指上細小的刮痕銼掉了。
Valentina filed her fingernails into a neat oval shape before painting them.
Valentina 在做指甲彩繪前先將指甲銼成漂亮的橢圓形。
文法句型
file + noun phrase (object) + adjective (smooth/flat)
file + noun phrase + adverb (down/off/away)
用法筆記
Often combined with particles 'down' (to remove material) or 'away' (to eliminate entirely). The result adjective (smooth, flat, round) can follow the object.
常見錯誤
file — 名詞
1. a flat folded container made of stiff paper or plastic, used for holding documen
檔案夾；文件箱
存放文件的分類容器
a flat folded container made of stiff paper or plastic, used for holding documents, letters, and forms so they stay neat and organized
Theo pulled a blue file from the drawer and took out the contract.
Theo 從抽屜裡拿出一個藍色檔案夾，取出合約。
countable noun: a file / the file / files
We keep all student records in a red file marked with each person's name.
我們將所有學生資料存放在標有姓名的紅色檔案夾中。
The secretary handed me a thick file full of invoices and receipts.
秘書遞給我一個裝滿發票和收據的厚文件箱。
I need to buy a new plastic file for next month's project notes.
我需要買一個新塑膠檔案夾來放下個月的專案筆記。
用法筆記
Often used with 'in' (put the papers in a file) and 'out of' (take the papers out of a file). Can also refer to a filing cabinet as a whole in office contexts.
常見錯誤
2. a collection of information, documents, or reports kept about a particular perso
資料；卷宗
關於某人或主題的書面記錄
a collection of information, documents, or reports kept about a particular person, event, or topic, either in physical or electronic form
The hospital keeps a medical file on every patient who stays overnight.
醫院為每位住院病人保存一份醫療檔案。
keep / have a file on [someone / something]
The police opened a file on the suspicious disappearance last March.
警方去年三月就那起可疑的失蹤案建立了檔案。
Ananya's employment file contains her contract, reviews, and training records.
Ananya 的人事資料包含合約、考評和培訓記錄。
The journalist requested access to the government's file on the pollution case.
記者要求查閱政府關於那起污染案的檔案。
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (PAPER CONTAINER): sense 1 is the physical container; sense 2 is the content — the information itself. You can have 'a file on someone' (sense 2) that is kept in 'a file' (sense 1).
3. a collection of information stored electronically on a computer, phone, or other
檔案；文件
電腦中儲存的單一資料單元
a collection of information stored electronically on a computer, phone, or other device as a single unit, identified by a unique name
Wei saved the photo as a JPEG file on the desktop.
Wei 將那張照片儲存為 JPEG 檔案放在桌面上。
save / open / delete / create a file
Ximena attached a PDF file to her email before sending it.
Ximena 在寄出電子郵件前附上了一個 PDF 檔案。
The virus deleted several important system files from the hard drive.
那個病毒從硬碟中刪除了幾個重要的系統檔案。
Chen could not open the video file because his computer was too old.
Chen 的電腦太舊，無法開啟那個影片檔案。
用法筆記
Common with verbs: open, save, close, delete, copy, move, upload, download, attach. File types are indicated by extensions (.docx, .pdf, .jpg, .mp3).
常見錯誤
4. a row of people or animals positioned or moving one behind the other, each follo
縱列；單行
人或動物排成的單行隊伍
a row of people or animals positioned or moving one behind the other, each following the one in front
The tourists walked in single file along the narrow mountain path.
觀光客排成單行沿著狹窄的山路行走。
in single file / in a file
A long file of schoolchildren crossed the street at the traffic light.
一長列學童在紅綠燈處過馬路。
The hikers formed a file to pass through the narrow gap in the rocks.
登山客排成一列通過岩石間的狹窄縫隙。
A file of ants marched across the kitchen counter toward the sugar jar.
一列螞蟻穿過廚房檯面朝糖罐前進。
用法筆記
Commonly occurs in the fixed phrase 'in single file' or 'in a file'. The verb equivalent is 'file' (verb sense 5: WALK IN LINE).
常見錯誤
5. a thin metal bar with a rough, ridged surface, used for rubbing against wood, me
銼刀；指甲銼
使物體表面平滑的金屬工具
a thin metal bar with a rough, ridged surface, used for rubbing against wood, metal, plastic, or fingernails to make the surface smooth or to shape it
The carpenter used a flat file to smooth the edge of the wooden door.
木匠用一把平銼刀把木門的邊緣磨平。
use a file / a file is a tool for smoothing
Kwame bought a set of files for shaping metal at his workshop.
Kwame 買了一組銼刀，準備在他的工作室裡用來塑形金屬。
A nail file is smaller and finer than a woodworker's file.
指甲銼比木工用的銼刀更小更細。
The jeweller picked up a round file to widen the ring's hole.
珠寶商拿起一把圓銼刀來擴寬戒指的孔洞。
- rasp
a coarser type of file with larger teeth, used for rapid removal of material
- emery board
a flat strip coated with abrasive, specifically for fingernails
用法筆記
Different types: flat file (flat surface), round file (cylindrical), nail file (small, for fingernails). The verb equivalent is 'file' (verb sense 6: SMOOTH SURFACE).