fortification
fortification — 名詞
- fortificationsingular
- fortificationsplural
1. a wall, tower, or similar structure erected around a city, castle, or military b
防禦工事
用於保護城鎮的堅固建築物
a wall, tower, or similar structure erected around a city, castle, or military base to keep attackers out
The ancient city's fortifications included a high stone wall and twelve watchtowers.
這座古城的防禦工事包括一道高聳的石牆和十二座瞭望塔。
often plural for defensive structures
Hassan studied the Roman fortifications that once guarded the empire's northern border.
Hassan 研究了曾守衛帝國北部邊境的羅馬防禦工事。
collocation: fortifications + guard/protect
The old fortification had walls so thick that cannonballs barely left a mark.
那座古老的防禦工事牆壁非常厚實，連炮彈都幾乎無法留下痕跡。
Eleni climbed the stone steps of the hilltop fortification to see the valley below.
Eleni 沿著山頂防禦工事的石階爬上去，俯瞰下方的山谷。
Modern fortifications use reinforced concrete instead of the old stone and brick.
現代的防禦工事使用鋼筋混凝土，取代了過去的石頭和磚塊。
collocation: modern fortifications
- stone fortifications
- ancient fortifications
- coastal fortifications
- hilltop fortification
- build fortifications
- strengthen fortifications
- stronghold
Emphasises the overall defended place rather than the individual structures built to defend it
- bastion
A projecting part of a fortification; also used more poetically for something that upholds a principle
- bulwark
A defensive wall made of earth or stone; also used in figurative contexts for protection
用法筆記
Often appears in plural form (fortifications) when referring to a system of defensive structures around a single location.
常見錯誤
2. the process of making a place stronger against attack by adding walls, weapons,
強化；鞏固
加強防禦的過程或行動
the process of making a place stronger against attack by adding walls, weapons, soldiers, or other defences
The fortification of the island took over two years and cost millions of dollars.
該島的強化工程耗時超過兩年，花費了數百萬美元。
pattern: the fortification of [place]
Owen oversaw the fortification of the port after the navy warned of a possible invasion.
在海軍警告可能發生入侵後，Owen 負責監督港口的防禦強化工作。
pattern: oversee the fortification of [place]
The fortification of the town involved digging ditches and building new steel gates.
小鎮的鞏固工作包括挖掘壕溝和建造新的鋼製大門。
Anjali's report on coastal fortification was praised by the defence committee in the capital.
Anjali 關於沿海防禦強化的報告受到了首都國防委員會的讚揚。
Without proper fortification, the small garrison could not hold out against the advancing army.
如果沒有適當的強化防禦，這支小型守備隊根本無法抵擋進逼的敵軍。
pattern: without proper fortification
- coastal fortification
- fortification of the city
- fortification of the border
- without proper fortification
- oversee the fortification
- begin the fortification
- strengthening
A more general term that can apply to any type of reinforcement, not just military
- reinforcement
Often implies adding extra materials or troops to an existing structure
- weakening
The opposite of making something stronger
- dismantlement
Taking apart defences rather than building them up
用法筆記
This sense is uncountable — you cannot say 'a fortification' when referring to the process. For individual results of the process, use sense 1 instead.