hypersensitivity
hypersensitivity — 名詞
1. a medical state where the body's defense system overreacts to something harmless
過敏反應
免疫系統對特定物質的過度反應
a medical state where the body's defense system overreacts to something harmless, such as pollen, a food, or a drug, causing symptoms like rashes, swelling, or breathing trouble
Chidi was diagnosed with hypersensitivity to peanuts after a severe reaction at age six.
Chidi 六歲時因一次嚴重反應，被診斷出對花生有過敏反應。
hypersensitivity to + [allergen]
The clinic tests children for hypersensitivity to common foods like eggs, milk, and wheat.
這家診所會替兒童檢查對雞蛋、牛奶與小麥等常見食物的過敏反應。
collocation: hypersensitivity to [food/substance]
Hiro's hypersensitivity to bee stings means he carries an emergency injection at all times.
Hiro 對蜜蜂叮咬有過敏反應，因此隨身攜帶急救注射劑。
Doctors suspect a drug hypersensitivity when a patient develops a rash after starting new medication.
病患剛開始服用新藥就長疹子時，醫師會懷疑是藥物過敏反應。
Meera's skin rash turned out to be a hypersensitivity caused by the new laundry detergent.
Meera 的皮膚紅疹原來是新洗衣精引起的過敏反應。
- allergy
more common everyday term; covers the same medical idea but feels less clinical
- allergic reaction
names the event of the reaction itself, not the underlying condition
文法句型
hypersensitivity to + noun
用法筆記
Subject of the reaction is usually the immune system; the trigger is named with 'to' (hypersensitivity to nuts, to penicillin). Both countable (a hypersensitivity) and uncountable (hypersensitivity) uses are common in medical writing.
常見錯誤
hypersensitivity — 形容詞
1. reacting much more strongly than most people to feelings, criticism, sounds, or
過度敏感的
對情緒、批評或感官刺激反應過強
reacting much more strongly than most people to feelings, criticism, sounds, or other everyday things, often in a way that makes daily life or relationships difficult
Lakan grew hypersensitive to any mention of his weight after years of teasing at school.
Lakan 在學校長年被取笑後，對任何提到體重的話題都變得過度敏感。
hypersensitive to + [topic that triggers emotional reaction]
The baby was hypersensitive to loud noises and would cry the moment a door slammed.
這個寶寶對大聲響過度敏感，只要門一砰就會哭。
hypersensitive to + [sensory input]
Gabriel became hypersensitive to criticism during the final weeks before the exam.
考試前最後幾週，Gabriel 對批評變得過度敏感。
Many teenagers are hypersensitive about the way they look in photos.
許多青少年對自己在照片中的樣子過度敏感。
- oversensitive
near-equivalent; slightly less clinical-sounding and more common in everyday speech
- touchy
informal; suggests being easily offended on a specific topic
- thin-skinned
informal idiom; emphasises easily wounded feelings
- thick-skinned
informal; describes someone unaffected by criticism
- unflappable
calm regardless of provocation; positive connotation
文法句型
hypersensitive to + noun
用法筆記
Usually followed by 'to' (a stimulus or topic) or 'about' (a personal topic). Distinguish from sense 2: this sense describes emotional or sensory overreaction in everyday life, while sense 2 is a medical or biological reaction to a specific substance.
常見錯誤
2. of a person or their body, reacting in a strong physical way to a particular dru
易過敏的
身體對特定藥物或物質產生強烈反應
of a person or their body, reacting in a strong physical way to a particular drug, food, chemical, or other substance, often with rashes, swelling, or breathing problems
Tomás is hypersensitive to penicillin and must wear a medical bracelet at all times.
Tomás 對盤尼西林易過敏，必須隨時配戴醫療手環。
hypersensitive to + [drug or allergen]
Patients who are hypersensitive to shellfish should avoid certain types of contrast dye for scans.
對甲殼類食物易過敏的病患，做掃描時應避免某些顯影劑。
The doctor warned Noor that her skin was hypersensitive to the strong cleaning chemicals at work.
醫生提醒 Noor，她的皮膚對工作上使用的強效清潔劑易過敏。
Some pets are hypersensitive to flea bites and develop large red patches across the back.
有些寵物對跳蚤叮咬易過敏，背上會出現大片紅斑。
- allergic
much more common everyday word for the same idea; less formal
- tolerant
in medical sense: a body that does not react to the substance
文法句型
hypersensitive to + substance
用法筆記
Limited to clinical or biological contexts where the body produces an outsized physical response to a specific named substance. Distinguish from sense 1: this sense always names a drug, allergen, or chemical as the trigger, never a feeling or topic.