models
models — 名詞
- modelssingular
- modelsesplural
1. a person or thing that is so good at what they do that other people want to copy
典範；榜樣
值得模仿的完美榜樣
a person or thing that is so good at what they do that other people want to copy them or use them as a standard to measure against
The city's public transport system is a model for other cities in the region.
該市的公共交通系統是該地區其他城市的典範。
model + for + noun (target of imitation)
Lena considers her older sister a model of hard work and honesty.
Lena 認為她的姊姊是勤奮和誠實的榜樣。
model + of + noun (quality demonstrated)
The architect's design became a model that many young builders tried to follow.
建築師的設計成為許多年輕營造商試圖效法的典範。
Kwame was called a model student for his excellent grades and kind attitude.
Kwame 因優異的成績和友善的態度而被譽為模範生。
- poor example
something that fails to represent the ideal
文法句型
model + of + noun
model + for + noun
用法筆記
Often used in fixed phrases like 'model student', 'model citizen', 'model husband' to describe someone who perfectly represents the ideal of that role.
常見錯誤
2. someone whose job involves wearing clothes, jewellery, or similar goods so that
模特兒
展示服裝或供拍攝、繪畫的人
someone whose job involves wearing clothes, jewellery, or similar goods so that shoppers, buyers, or artists can see how they appear when worn
The fashion model walked confidently down the runway in a long silk dress.
那位時裝模特兒穿著長絲綢禮服自信地走在伸展臺上。
runway / catwalk model
Haruto worked as a model for a sportswear brand's summer catalogue.
Haruto 為一個運動品牌的夏季型錄擔任模特兒。
work as a model for [brand]
Art students at the college hired a live model to pose for their portrait class.
學院的藝術學生聘請了一位真人模特兒為他們的肖像課擺姿勢。
Sofia dreamed of becoming a model ever since she saw her first fashion show.
Sofia 自從看了第一場時裝秀後就夢想成為模特兒。
- mannequin
a plastic dummy used in shop windows, not a living person
- supermodel
a very famous and highly paid fashion model
- sitter
someone who poses for a single artist or painting
文法句型
work as a model
model + for + designer/artist
用法筆記
Can refer to both fashion models (who wear clothes on runways or in photos) and artists' models (who pose for paintings, drawings, or sculptures). The context usually makes the type clear.
常見錯誤
3. a particular design or version of a product, especially a vehicle, electronic de
型號；款式
產品特定設計或版本
a particular design or version of a product, especially a vehicle, electronic device, or piece of clothing, that differs in some way from other versions of the same thing
Toyota released a new model of their hybrid car with better fuel efficiency.
Toyota 推出了一款油電混合車的新型號，燃油效率更高。
new model of [product]
Chinwe checked the model number on her phone before ordering a new case.
Chinwe 在訂購新手機殼前先確認了手機背面的型號。
model number (specific ID code)
This laptop is last year's model, so it costs much less than the current one.
這臺筆電是去年的款式，所以比目前的型號便宜很多。
The store carries three different models of washing machines at different price points.
這家店以不同的價格點銷售三種不同型號的洗衣機。
文法句型
model + of + product name
model number
用法筆記
Used heavily in marketing and consumer contexts. 'Latest model' means the most recent version, and 'older model' usually implies less advanced features at a lower price.
常見錯誤
4. a small copy of something, often built to show what the real object looks like o
模型；縮小版
實物的縮小複製品
a small copy of something, often built to show what the real object looks like or how it works; also, the design drawings from which a larger thing is built
The children spent hours putting together a plastic model of a Boeing 747 aeroplane.
孩子們花了幾個小時拼裝一架波音 747 飛機的塑膠模型。
model + of + [specific thing]
An architect showed us a scale model of the apartment building she had designed.
一位建築師向我們展示了她設計的公寓大樓比例模型。
scale model (proportionally reduced replica)
The museum displayed a working model of an old steam engine from the 1800s.
博物館展示了 1800 年代老舊蒸汽火車的運轉模型。
Deepa followed the model carefully to sew the dress exactly as the pattern showed.
Deepa 仔細依照紙型來縫製裙子，完全按照版型指示去做。
- original
the real thing from which the model is copied
文法句型
model + of + noun
scale model
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 5 (theoretical model): this sense refers to a physical, tangible object that you can touch and see, such as a model car or a building mock-up.
常見錯誤
5. a simplified mathematical or computer-based description of a system, process, or
模型；模式
系統或過程的數學或電腦描述
a simplified mathematical or computer-based description of a system, process, or situation, used to understand how it works or to predict what will happen
Climate scientists use a computer model to predict changes in global temperatures.
氣候科學家利用電腦模型來預測全球溫度的變化。
computer model (software simulation)
Dr. Okafor developed a statistical model that shows how disease spreads through a population.
Okafor 博士建立了一個統計模型，顯示疾病如何在人群中擴散。
statistical / mathematical model
The economist's model failed to predict the sudden drop in housing prices.
經濟學家的模型未能預測房價的突然下跌。
Physics students built a model to simulate how planets orbit the sun.
物理課學生建立了一個模型來模擬行星如何繞太陽運行。
- simulation
focuses on the process of running the model over time rather than the structure itself
- framework
a broader conceptual structure, less mathematically precise than a model
- theory
a more general explanation; a model is usually a specific mathematical version of a theory
文法句型
model + of + noun (abstract)
mathematical model
computer model
用法筆記
Unlike sense 4 (physical replica), this sense is abstract — you cannot touch a theoretical model. Common in academic and technical writing about economics, climate, biology, and data science.
常見錯誤
models — 動詞
- modelspresent simple I / you / we / they
- modelses3rd person singular
- modelsing-ing form
- modelsedpast simple
1. to wear and show clothes, jewellery, or other products so that people can see th
擔任模特兒
穿著展示服裝或為藝術擺姿勢
to wear and show clothes, jewellery, or other products so that people can see them and decide whether to buy them; to pose for an artist or photographer
Theo modelled for a local clothing brand during the summer fashion week.
Theo 在夏季時裝週期間為一個本地服飾品牌擔任模特兒。
model + for + [brand]
Yuna has been modelling since she was sixteen and has done shoots for three magazines.
Yuna 從十六歲就開始當模特兒，已經為三家雜誌拍過照。
Fatima modelled a beautiful gold necklace at the jewellery launch party.
Fatima 在珠寶發表會上展示了精美金項鍊。
The painter asked his friend to model for a portrait of a woman reading.
畫家請他的朋友為一幅正在閱讀的女子肖像擔任模特兒。
文法句型
model + for + designer/brand
model + clothes/adverb
用法筆記
When used transitively (model + object), it means 'wear and display a specific item'. When used intransitively (model for someone), it describes the job or activity in general.
常見錯誤
2. to make a physical or digital copy of something, or to create something by shapi
塑造；仿製
製作實體或數位複製品
to make a physical or digital copy of something, or to create something by shaping a material such as clay; also, to design or plan something using something else as a guide
The sculptor modelled a horse out of clay using only his hands and basic tools.
雕刻家僅用雙手和基本工具就用黏土塑造出一匹馬。
model + object + out of + [material]
Engineers modelled the bridge on a famous structure from ancient Rome.
工程師仿照古羅馬的一座著名橋梁來設計這座橋。
model + object + on/after + [source of inspiration]
Amara used special software to model the new kitchen layout before any building began.
Amara 使用特殊軟體在動工前模擬了新廚房的布局。
The new school curriculum was modelled after successful programmes used in Finland.
新的學校課程是仿照芬蘭的成功方案設計的。
- shape
physical forming of materials; less about planning, more about hands-on work
- simulate
to represent a system's behaviour over time, usually by computer
- sculpt
specifically carving or moulding in three dimensions
- design
planning the look or function; 'model' adds the idea of creating a physical or digital version
文法句型
model + object + after/on + noun
model + object + in + material
model + object
用法筆記
Common in the passive voice with 'on' or 'after' to describe how something was designed based on a template (e.g., 'The system is modelled on the Japanese approach'). 'Modelled after' is more common in American English; 'modelled on' is more common in British English.
常見錯誤
models — 形容詞
- modelspositive
- more modelscomparative
- most modelssuperlative
1. serving as an excellent example of something because of being very good or perfe
模範的
作為理想榜樣的
serving as an excellent example of something because of being very good or perfect in that quality; used to describe a person or thing that others should try to copy
The school recognised Mei-Lin as a model student for her outstanding academic record.
學校表揚 Mei-Lin 是模範生，因她學業成績優異。
model student / model citizen (fixed phrase)
Mr. Chen runs a model farm that uses environmentally friendly methods other farmers admire.
陳先生經營一座模範農場，採用環保方法，受到其他農民讚賞。
model + noun (example worthy of imitation)
The teenager was described as a model daughter who always helped at home.
那位青少年被描述為總是幫忙做家事的模範女兒。
The fire department created a model training programme that schools later copied.
消防局創立了一套模範培訓計劃，後來被其他學校採用。
- poor
low quality; not serving as a good example
文法句型
model + noun
用法筆記
Used only before a noun (attributive position), not after linking verbs like 'is' or 'seems'. You can say 'a model employee' but NOT 'the employee is model'.
常見錯誤
2. made in a smaller size than the real thing, usually as a copy for display, study
縮小版；迷你
比實物小的展示或玩具
made in a smaller size than the real thing, usually as a copy for display, study, or play
The exhibition featured a model railway that ran through tiny villages and forests.
展覽會上展示了一套模型火車，穿越微型村莊和森林。
model railway / model train (hobby context)
Kavya's father built a model ship that took him almost two years to complete.
Kavya 的父親花費近兩年時間完成了一艘模型船。
The town's historical society created a model village showing how the area looked in 1800.
該鎮的歷史協會打造了一個模型村莊，呈現該地區 1800 年的樣貌。
Omar collected model aeroplanes and hung them from the ceiling of his bedroom.
Omar 收藏模型飛機，把它們掛在臥室天花板上。
- full-size
life-sized, not reduced
文法句型
model + noun
用法筆記
Compare with sense 4 of the noun (PHYSICAL REPLICA). As an adjective, 'model' comes directly before the noun ('model car'), while the noun sense requires 'a model of a car'.