self-fertilize
self-fertilize — 動詞
- self-fertilizepresent simple I / you / we / they
- self-fertilizes3rd person singular
- self-fertilizing-ing form
- self-fertilizedpast simple
1. When a plant or animal produces offspring by using its own male reproductive cel
自花受精
同一植株的花粉與自身卵細胞結合
When a plant or animal produces offspring by using its own male reproductive cells to join with its own female egg cells, without receiving sperm or pollen from another member of the same species.
In the greenhouse, the pea plants self-fertilized without any bees or wind to carry pollen.
在溫室裡，豌豆植株不需要蜜蜂或風來攜帶花粉就能自花受精。
intransitive: plant + self-fertilized + condition
Nikos studied whether the wild strawberries could self-fertilize inside the isolation tent.
Nikos 研究野生草莓在隔離帳篷內是否能自花受精。
transitive: [researcher] + study whether + plant + self-fertilize
Biologists observed that some species of rice can self-fertilize when pollinators are scarce.
生物學家觀察到某些稻米品種在授粉媒介稀少時可以自花受精。
These flowers were covered with paper bags to test if they could self-fertilize without insects.
這些花朵被紙袋罩住，用來測試它們是否能在沒有昆蟲的情況下自花受精。
Haruto wants to breed a tomato that does not self-fertilize, keeping its genetic traits more varied.
Haruto 想培育一種不會自花受精的番茄，以保持其遺傳性狀更多樣化。
- self-pollinate
Narrower — only refers to pollen transfer in plants, not the actual union of gametes that creates the offspring
- self-reproduce
Broader and less technical — can describe any form of reproduction without a partner, including asexual methods
- cross-fertilize
Describes the opposite process where male cells come from a different individual of the same species
文法句型
plant/animal + self-fertilize(s/ed)
plant/animal + self-fertilize + [its own eggs/ova]
用法筆記
Frequently appears in botanical and biological writing. Most often describes plants with both male and female reproductive parts (hermaphroditic flowers). The passive form ('was self-fertilized') is common in scientific papers. The intransitive use ('the plant self-fertilizes') is more frequent than the transitive use ('the plant self-fertilizes its ovules').
常見錯誤
self-fertilize — 名詞
1. The process in which an egg cell is joined with male reproductive material from
自體受精
個體自身卵細胞與精子或花粉結合
The process in which an egg cell is joined with male reproductive material from the same plant or animal, creating offspring that inherit only the parent's genetic information.
Self-fertilization in corn is rare because its male and female flowers grow on separate parts.
玉米的自體受精很少見，因為雄花和雌花生長在不同的部位。
self-fertilization + in + [species] + reason
Sari's research paper explains how self-fertilization reduces genetic diversity in bean crops over many generations.
Sari 的研究論文解釋了自體受精如何經過多個世代降低豆類作物的遺傳多樣性。
Camila noticed that self-fertilization happened more often in the older tomato varieties she was growing.
Camila 注意到她種植的較老番茄品種更常發生自體受精。
Farmers sometimes prevent self-fertilization by planting different crop varieties close together to encourage cross-pollination.
農夫有時會將不同的作物品種種植在一起以促進異花授粉，藉此避免自體受精。
After several generations of self-fertilization, the wheat plants showed less variation in height.
經過幾代的自體受精後，小麥植株的高度和產量差異明顯變小了。
- autogamy
The formal scientific term for self-fertilization, most common in specialist biology texts and research papers
- self-pollination
More restricted — describes only the transfer of pollen to the stigma in plants, not the fertilization step that follows
- cross-fertilization
The process where male cells from one individual join with female cells from a different individual
- allogamy
The formal scientific term for cross-fertilization
文法句型
self-fertilization + of + [organism]
through/by/after + self-fertilization
rate/process/occurrence + of + self-fertilization
用法筆記
Uncountable noun. Commonly used in phrases such as 'rate of self-fertilization,' 'self-fertilization in [species],' and 'self-fertilization occurs when…' Distinguish from 'self-pollination,' which covers only the transfer of pollen to the stigma, not the actual fusion of gametes.