viruses
viruses — 名詞
- virusessingular
- virusesesplural
1. A tiny living thing, too small to be seen without a special microscope, that ent
病毒
能侵入細胞並引起疾病的微小生物
A tiny living thing, too small to be seen without a special microscope, that enters the cells of people, animals, or plants and causes illness.
Eitan missed a week of school after catching a virus that caused a high fever.
Eitan 因為感染了引起高燒的病毒，請了一週的病假。
collocation: catch a virus
The flu virus changes every year, so doctors recommend a new vaccine each autumn.
流感病毒每年都會變種，因此醫生建議每年秋天接種新的疫苗。
collocation: flu virus + vaccine
Ayesha's doctor explained that the virus enters the body through the nose and mouth.
Ayesha 的醫生解釋說，病毒是透過鼻子和嘴巴進入人體的。
Scientists are studying how the monkeypox virus spreads from animals to humans.
科學家正在研究猴痘病毒如何從動物傳播到人類。
Under a microscope, a virus looks like a tiny ball covered in protein spikes.
在顯微鏡下，病毒看起來像一個布滿蛋白質棘突的小球。
常見錯誤
2. An illness or infection that results when a tiny infectious agent enters the bod
病毒感染
由病毒引起的疾病
An illness or infection that results when a tiny infectious agent enters the body and starts to multiply, usually causing symptoms like fever, cough, or stomach problems.
Maeve caught a stomach virus after eating seafood at the night market.
Maeve 在夜市吃了海鮮之後出現病毒感染，上吐下瀉好幾天。
collocation: stomach virus
The virus spread through the office so fast that ten people called in sick.
那種病毒在辦公室裡迅速傳播，結果有十個人請病假。
collocation: virus spread through [place]
Jason's fever broke after three days, and the virus finally left his body.
Jason 發燒三天後退燒了，病毒終於離開了他的身體。
Chiara stayed home from school because a stomach virus made her feel weak.
Chiara 因為腸胃炎病毒導致身體虛弱，待在家裡沒去上學。
The nurse told Amira to rest and drink plenty of fluids while fighting the virus.
護士告訴 Amira 要多休息、多喝水，讓身體自行對抗病毒。
用法筆記
When referring to an illness, 'virus' usually describes common short-term infections (stomach virus, flu virus) rather than chronic or long-term conditions.
常見錯誤
3. A harmful computer program designed to spread from one machine to another by cop
電腦病毒
能複製並破壞電腦的惡意程式
A harmful computer program designed to spread from one machine to another by copying itself, often damaging files, stealing data, or disrupting normal operations.
Caio accidentally downloaded a virus that erased every single holiday photo on his laptop.
Caio 不小心下載了一個病毒，它刪除了筆記型電腦上所有的假日照片。
collocation: download a virus
An email with a strange attachment contained a virus that spread through the company network.
一封夾帶奇怪附件的電子郵件暗藏了病毒，在公司的網路中迅速蔓延。
pattern: virus spread through [network]
Ryo installed free antivirus software to protect his computer from dangerous viruses.
Ryo 安裝了免費的防毒軟體，以保護電腦不受危險病毒的侵害。
Hoa's laptop crashed after a virus copied itself onto every file on the hard drive.
Hoa 的筆記型電腦當機了，因為病毒複製到了硬碟上的每一個檔案。
Some computer viruses steal passwords and send them to criminals over the internet.
有些電腦病毒會竊取密碼，並透過網路傳送給罪犯。
用法筆記
Often modified by 'computer' for clarity in general contexts, though 'virus' alone is understood in technology-related discussions. Not to be confused with 'malware' (a broader category) or 'worm' (a specific subtype that spreads without needing a host file).
常見錯誤
4. Something that spreads rapidly through a group or society, gradually damaging pe
毒害
逐漸破壞思想或社會的事物
Something that spreads rapidly through a group or society, gradually damaging people's attitudes, values, or general well-being — like a disease of the mind or culture.
Defne believes that fake news on social media is a virus that poisons public debate.
Defne 認為社群媒體上的假新聞就像病毒一樣，正在毒害公共討論。
figurative: [something harmful] is a virus that poisons [area]
Gossip spread through the team like a virus, destroying trust among colleagues.
謠言像病毒一樣在團隊中蔓延，破壞了同事之間的信任。
simile: spread like a virus
Adina warned that the culture of dishonesty had become a virus in the organization.
Adina 警告說，說謊的文化已經成為組織內部的一種病毒。
The school principal described bullying as a virus that harms the whole community.
校長形容霸凌行為就像病毒一樣，傷害了整個學校社群。
文法句型
virus of + harmful abstract noun
用法筆記
Always used figuratively in this sense. The noun following 'virus of' is always something negative (hatred, corruption, prejudice, dishonesty). This sense does not work for positive spreading influences.