poison
/ˈpɔɪzn/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈpɔɪzn/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈpȯi-zᵊn/ (ame, mw) · /ˈpɔɪ.zən/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈpɔɪ.zən/ (ame, ipa)
poison — 名詞
- poisonsingular
- poisonsplural
1. a chemical or natural material that can badly hurt or kill a living thing when s
毒物；毒藥
會使人或動物中毒致死的物質
a chemical or natural material that can badly hurt or kill a living thing when swallowed, breathed in, or absorbed.
The farmer kept rat poison in a locked box above the sink.
那位農夫把老鼠藥放在水槽上方一個上鎖的盒子裡。
collocation: rat poison
Police found poison in the lemonade bottle on the kitchen table.
警方在廚房桌上的檸檬水瓶裡驗出毒物。
Doctors worked all night because the child had swallowed the poison.
醫生忙了一整夜，因為那個孩子吞下了毒藥。
In old stories, kings feared poison in their cups at dinner.
在古老故事裡，國王常怕晚餐時杯中被放了毒藥。
文法句型
poison in [food/drink]
poison for [animal/pest]
用法筆記
Often used for substances in food, drink, bait, or medicine. Distinguish from venom, which enters the body by a bite or sting.
常見錯誤
2. something, such as an idea or feeling, that slowly damages people, relationships
禍害
會慢慢破壞人或局面的事物
something, such as an idea or feeling, that slowly damages people, relationships, or a situation.
Jealousy became a poison that slowly broke the two sisters apart.
嫉妒成了一種禍害，慢慢拆散了那兩姊妹。
figurative use with emotions
Online lies are a poison in public debate before an election.
網路謠言在選舉前成了公共討論中的一種禍害。
Silence can turn into poison inside a family after a lie.
在一個家庭裡，謊言之後的沉默可能變成禍害。
The coach said fear was poison for a young team's confidence.
教練說，恐懼是傷害年輕球隊信心的禍害。
文法句型
a poison in [group/society]
be poison for [relationship/process]
用法筆記
Common in figurative statements and does not refer to a real chemical. It often names a force that spreads harm over time.
poison — 動詞
- poisonpresent simple I / you / we / they
- poisons3rd person singular
- poisoning-ing form
- poisonedpast simple
1. to use a toxic substance to make someone or an animal very ill, or to cause thei
毒害；毒死
使人或動物因毒物受害或死亡
to use a toxic substance to make someone or an animal very ill, or to cause their death.
Someone poisoned the village dogs during the night.
有人在夜裡毒害了村裡的狗。
poison + person/animal directly
The spy poisoned the king and fled across the river.
那名間諜毒死國王後，越過河逃走了。
Bad mushrooms poisoned two hikers after their camp dinner.
那些壞掉的蘑菇在營地晚餐後讓兩名健行者中毒。
Factory waste poisoned the cows that drank from the ditch.
工廠廢料毒害了喝了溝水的牛。
- heal
means to make someone or something healthy again
文法句型
poison + person/animal
用法筆記
In sense 1, the direct object is the person or animal harmed. Distinguish from sense 2, where the direct object is the food or drink that receives the poison.
2. to secretly mix a toxic substance into what a person will eat or drink.
下毒
在食物或飲料中放入毒物
to secretly mix a toxic substance into what a person will eat or drink.
A thief poisoned the soup before the wedding guests arrived.
一名小偷在婚宴賓客到來前就在湯裡下毒。
poison + food/drink
Police believe someone poisoned Maria's coffee at the station.
警方相信有人在 Maria 的咖啡裡下毒。
The cook was jailed for poisoning the wine with cleaning fluid.
那名廚師因為在酒裡加入清潔液下毒而入獄。
Who poisoned the cat food left outside the back door?
是誰在後門外放著的貓食裡下毒？
- tamper with
broader; means to secretly change something, not only by adding poison
- spike
usually means to add alcohol or drugs to a drink
- lace
often informal; used for mixing a substance into food or drink
文法句型
poison + food/drink
poison + food/drink + with + substance
用法筆記
The object is the thing eaten or drunk, not the person. Distinguish from sense 1, where the poisoned person or animal is the direct object.
常見錯誤
3. to make air, water, land, or another place dangerous by adding harmful chemicals
毒化；污染
使空氣、水或土地變危險
to make air, water, land, or another place dangerous by adding harmful chemicals or waste.
Illegal waste poisoned the river for miles below the factory.
非法廢棄物毒化了工廠下游好幾英里的河川。
poison + river/water source
Smoke from the fire poisoned the air inside the tunnel.
火場冒出的煙污染了隧道裡的空氣。
Years of mining poisoned the soil around the mountain village.
多年的採礦把山村周圍的土壤都毒化了。
Oil from the ship poisoned coastal waters near the fishing town.
船上漏出的油污染了漁鎮附近的沿海水域。
- contaminate
neutral and technical; means to make something dirty or unsafe
- pollute
most common for damage to the environment
- taint
suggests an unwelcome substance or quality spreading into something
- purify
means to make something clean or safe again
文法句型
poison + air/water/soil
poison + place
用法筆記
The object is usually air, water, soil, or a place, and the harm may spread over time instead of affecting one person immediately.
4. to damage a relationship or situation so badly that it becomes full of anger, di
敗壞
使關係或局面變得惡劣
to damage a relationship or situation so badly that it becomes full of anger, distrust, or bitterness.
One cruel rumour poisoned the friendship between Lena and June.
一則惡毒的謠言敗壞了 Lena 和 June 之間的友情。
poison + friendship/relationship
Years of blame poisoned family dinners at Grandpa's house.
多年的責怪敗壞了爺爺家晚餐時的氣氛。
The pay dispute poisoned relations between nurses and managers.
薪資爭議敗壞了護理師和主管之間的關係。
Constant suspicion poisoned the atmosphere in their small flat.
長期的猜疑敗壞了他們小公寓裡的氣氛。
- mend
means to improve or repair a damaged relationship or situation
文法句型
poison + relationship/situation
poison relations between + groups
用法筆記
Used figuratively with words like friendship, relations, debate, or atmosphere. Distinguish from sense 3, which describes real physical contamination.
poison — 形容詞
- poisonpositive
- more poisoncomparative
- most poisonsuperlative
1. able to harm or kill because poison is naturally in it, not because someone adde
有毒的
本身會使生物中毒受害的
able to harm or kill because poison is naturally in it, not because someone added it.
A poison plant grew beside the stream near the children's camp.
孩子們營地附近的小溪旁長著一株有毒的植物。
before noun in set combinations
A tiny poison frog sat on a wet green leaf.
一隻小小的毒蛙停在濕綠的葉子上。
collocation: poison frog
Soldiers wore masks against poison gas drifting over the field.
士兵戴上面罩，防備飄過戰場的毒氣。
The guide pointed out a poison plant beside the narrow path.
嚮導指出小徑旁有一株有毒的植物。
- harmless
not able to cause injury or illness
文法句型
poison gas
poison frog
poison plant
用法筆記
Mostly used before a noun in fixed combinations such as poison gas, poison frog, and poison plant. After be, poisonous is far more common in everyday English.
常見錯誤
2. made dangerous because poison has been put on it or mixed into it.
帶毒的
已被塗上或混入毒物的
made dangerous because poison has been put on it or mixed into it.
The hunter hid several poison arrows inside a leather case.
獵人把幾支帶毒的箭藏在一個皮盒裡。
collocation: poison arrow
Police found poison bait near the gate of the farm.
警方在農場大門附近找到帶毒的誘餌。
collocation: poison bait
A poison needle was taped under the handle.
一根帶毒的針被貼在把手下面。
The ranger sealed the poison bait in two metal tins.
巡守員把帶毒的誘餌封進兩個金屬罐裡。
- clean
free from dangerous added substances
文法句型
poison arrow
poison bait
poison needle
用法筆記
Describes something that has had poison put on it or mixed into it, such as bait, arrows, or powder. Distinguish from adjective sense 1, which is about something naturally harmful or generally toxic.