assumptions

IPA/əˈsʌmp.ʃən/
KK[əsˈʌmpʃənz]IPA/əˈsʌmp.ʃən/

assumptions — 名詞

  • assumptionssingular
  • assumptionsesplural

1. a belief that is treated as correct without requiring proof; accepted as a start

1.名詞B2
釋義

假設；假定

未經證實就接受的想法

a belief that is treated as correct without requiring proof; accepted as a starting point for decisions or reasoning even though it has not been firmly established.

例句

Esteban made the assumption that everyone had already eaten, so he did not order extra food.

Esteban 假設每個人都已經吃過了，所以他沒有再點額外的食物。

make + assumption + that-clause

Many of our daily decisions are based on untested assumptions about how people will behave.

我們日常的許多決定都建立在未經檢驗的假設上，認為人們會如何行事。

passive: are based on + assumption

同義詞
  • presumption

    similar meaning but often implies an assumption made with some degree of confidence, sometimes before evidence is considered

  • supposition

    a more formal word for something assumed to be true, often as a basis for reasoning

  • belief

    broader term; a belief may be supported by evidence or faith, whereas an assumption is taken for granted without proof

  • guess

    much less formal and suggests little supporting evidence at all

反義詞
  • fact

    something known to be true through evidence or observation

  • certainty

    a fact or belief that is beyond doubt

文法句型

make + assumption + (that-clause)

assumption + about + noun

用法筆記

Frequently paired with 'make', 'base on', 'rest on', or 'challenge'. The that-clause structure (make the assumption that...) is very common in academic and professional writing.

常見錯誤

❌I assumed that the shop is open.' (present tense in the clause after a past main verb).
✅I assumed that the shop was open.
💡the clause verb should agree with the past-tense main verb in formal English.
❌I made an assumption of he is honest.
✅I made the assumption that he is honest.
💡use a that-clause, not a prepositional phrase with 'of'.

2. the act of beginning to have power, control, or responsibility for something; th

2.名詞C1
釋義

就職；承擔

開始擁有權力或責任

the act of beginning to have power, control, or responsibility for something; the taking on of a duty, role, or position.

例句

The assumption of the presidency brought with it a heavy set of security responsibilities.

就任總統職位帶來了繁重的安全責任。

assumption of [role/position]

Ziad's assumption of the team leadership was welcomed by everyone in the department.

Ziad 接任團隊領導的工作，受到部門所有人的歡迎。

同義詞
  • taking on

    less formal; used in everyday contexts for accepting duties

  • acceptance

    emphasises agreement to take on a role or responsibility

  • undertaking

    formal, emphasising the start of a significant task or duty

反義詞

文法句型

assumption + of + noun

用法筆記

Used almost exclusively in formal, legal, or official contexts. The noun 'assumption' is followed by 'of' and a role or obligation (assumption of office, assumption of duty, assumption of debt). Distinguish from Sense 1: this sense describes the act of taking something on, not believing something without proof.

常見錯誤

❌His assumption as manager was last month.
✅His assumption of the manager role was last month.
💡use 'of' not 'as' after this sense of 'assumption'.

3. behaviour that is too confident or proud, showing that you believe you have a ri

3.名詞C1
釋義

傲慢；僭越

自以為有權的無禮態度

behaviour that is too confident or proud, showing that you believe you have a right to something you do not actually deserve; presumptuousness.

例句

The new intern spoke with such assumption that the senior staff were offended.

那位新來的實習生說話如此傲慢，資深同事們都感到不高興。

with assumption — adverb-like phrase showing manner

Ramón criticised his colleague's assumption in acting as though she already ran the department.

Ramón 批評同事的僭越行為，她表現得好像自己已經在管理整個部門了。

同義詞
  • presumptuousness

    more direct synonym; behaviour that oversteps proper boundaries

  • arrogance

    broader term for an offensive sense of superiority

  • audacity

    boldness that shows a lack of respect, often with a stronger nuance of daring

反義詞
  • humility

    modest behaviour, the opposite of arrogant assumption

  • modesty

    not claiming or drawing attention to oneself

文法句型

with assumption — used as an adverb-like noun phrase

用法筆記

This sense carries a negative, critical tone. It appears in formal writing or disapproving descriptions. Unlike Sense 1 and 2, it is uncountable and is not used with the 'make an assumption' pattern. Distinguish from Sense 1 by context: here the focus is on offensively confident behaviour, not on a belief.

常見錯誤

❌He made an assumption that he could interrupt.' (when meaning arrogant behaviour).
✅He acted with assumption, interrupting everyone.
💡this sense uses 'with assumption' as a manner adverbial, not 'make an assumption'.