counterforce
counterforce — 名詞
- counterforcesingular
- counterforcesplural
1. a person, group, movement, or idea that actively pushes back against another pow
抗衡；制衡
對抗另一股勢力的力量
a person, group, movement, or idea that actively pushes back against another powerful influence, aiming to limit or balance it — for example, an independent judiciary acting as a counterforce to executive power.
The growing environmental movement acted as a counterforce to unchecked industrial expansion.
日益壯大的環保運動成了對抗無節制工業擴張的一股抗衡力量。
counterforce to [noun]
An independent judiciary serves as a vital counterforce against government overreach in a democracy.
獨立的司法機構在民主國家中扮演著制衡政府越權的關鍵角色。
counterforce against [noun]
Without a strong counterforce from organised labour, corporate influence over policy grew unchecked.
如果沒有來自組織工會的強大抗衡力量，企業對政策的影響力就會不受約束地擴大。
Small local newspapers acted as a counterforce to dominant political voices in rural areas.
小型地方報紙曾經在鄉村地區扮演抗衡主流政治聲音的角色。
- counterbalance
suggests an even, steadying effect rather than active opposition
- check
more specific — a limit or restraint rather than an opposing force
- opposition
broader; does not imply the balanced, structural role that counterforce suggests
- ally
a person or group that actively supports rather than opposes
文法句型
a counterforce to [noun]
counterforce against [noun]
用法筆記
Often used with 'act as', 'serve as', or 'provide' to describe the function of a check or balance.
常見錯誤
2. military missions that focus on destroying an opponent's weapons, command centre
打擊戰力
削弱敵方作戰能力的軍事行動
military missions that focus on destroying an opponent's weapons, command centres, and equipment so that they cannot launch major attacks — as opposed to operations that target civilian areas.
The general approved a counterforce strike aimed at disabling the enemy's missile launchers.
將軍批准了一場打擊戰力行動，目標是摧毀敵方的飛彈發射器。
attributive: counterforce strike
Military planners studied satellite images to identify targets for future counterforce operations.
軍事策劃人員透過研究衛星影像來識別未來打擊戰力行動的目標。
counterforce operations — attributive use
The treaty limited both nations' capacity to conduct counterforce missions against each other.
該條約限制了兩國對彼此發動打擊戰力任務的能力。
A successful counterforce strategy can reduce an enemy's ability to mount a large-scale attack.
成功的打擊戰力策略可以削弱敵方發動大規模攻擊的能力。
- countervalue
the opposing concept — targeting civilians — not a synonym but a contrast term learners confuse with counterforce
文法句型
counterforce strike
counterforce strategy
counterforce capability
用法筆記
Usually used attributively (before a noun: counterforce strike, counterforce capability). In military theory, contrasted with 'countervalue' (targeting cities and civilian infrastructure).
3. a push or pull that points the opposite way from an applied force, reducing or c
反向；反作用
與另一力方向相反的物理力
a push or pull that points the opposite way from an applied force, reducing or cancelling out its effect — for example, the backwards push a wall exerts against your hand when you press on it.
Push against a wall and it exerts an equal counterforce back on your hand.
推牆壁時，牆壁會對你的手施加一個大小相等的反向力。
exert a counterforce — physical action-reaction
Engineers calculated the precise counterforce needed to keep the dam stable against water pressure.
工程師們計算出了讓水壩在水壓下保持穩定所需的精確反向力。
The piston transforms the counterforce of expanding gas into rotational motion for the engine.
活塞將膨脹氣體所產生的反作用力轉化為引擎的旋轉運動。
Without a counterforce from the support cables, the bridge would sway dangerously in high winds.
如果沒有支撐纜繩提供的反向力，這座橋在強風中就會劇烈搖晃。
- reaction force
the precise physics term; less common in general writing
- opposing force
less specific; can refer to any kind of opposition
- equal and opposite force
descriptive paraphrase rather than a single-word synonym
文法句型
counterforce of [noun]
counterforce [verb]
counterforce generated by [noun]
用法筆記
Related to Newton's third law of motion (action and reaction). In everyday contexts, the counterforce is usually equal in size and opposite in direction to the applied force.