disabilities

disabilities — 名詞

1. A physical or mental condition that lasts for a long time and affects a person's

1.名詞B2
釋義

障礙；失能

長期影響日常活動能力的身心狀況

A physical or mental condition that lasts for a long time and affects a person's ability to do everyday activities, move around, learn, or communicate in ways that most people can do without help.

例句

The Chen family renovated their bathroom to make it safer for their son, who has a mobility disability.

Chen 家改造了浴室，讓有行動障礙的兒子能夠更安全地使用。

mobility disability: affecting movement and walking

Yuki's visual disability means she relies on screen-reading software to do her job as a programmer.

Yuki 的視覺障礙使她必須仰賴螢幕報讀軟體來完成程式設計師的工作。

visual disability + screen-reading software collocation

同義詞
  • condition

    Broader; can refer to any state of health, not just permanent limitations ('a heart condition').

  • impairment

    More clinical; often used by medical professionals to describe a lost or reduced function ('visual impairment').

  • disorder

    Typically refers to a medical or psychological disturbance ('anxiety disorder'), not always tied to functional limitation.

反義詞
  • ability

    General capacity to do something; the positive counterpart.

文法句型

disability in [body part/mental area]

learning disability

physical disability

用法筆記

Singular 'disability' names one specific condition ('a hearing disability'), while 'disabilities' as a plural can refer to several conditions or, more commonly, be used as a collective mass noun ('rights for people with disabilities'). Many style guides now prefer 'people with disabilities' or 'persons with disabilities' over 'the disabled'.

常見錯誤

❌He is a disability.
✅He has a disability.
💡A person is not defined by their condition; use 'person with a disability' or 'has a disability.'
❌She suffers from a disability.
✅She has a disability.
💡'Suffers from' implies pity and is considered outdated; use neutral phrasing.

2. Money paid regularly by the government to people who have a long-term condition

2.名詞B2
釋義

傷殘補助

政府提供給失能者的定期經濟補助

Money paid regularly by the government to people who have a long-term condition that prevents them from working or makes it very difficult to earn enough to support themselves.

例句

After the accident, Marcus applied for government disability payments to cover his rent and basic expenses.

發生意外之後，Marcus 向政府申請了傷殘補助，用來支付房租與基本生活開銷。

apply for disability payments: formal request process

Priya's disability payments allow her to attend physiotherapy sessions twice a week without worrying about the cost.

Priya 靠著傷殘補助，每週可以去做兩次物理治療，不必擔心費用問題。

同義詞
  • disability benefits

    More formal term often used in official government contexts.

  • sick pay

    Different; paid by an employer during short-term illness, not long-term government support.

  • social security

    Broader; covers pensions, unemployment, and other welfare programmes, not just disability.

文法句型

disability payments

on disability

claim disability

disability benefits

用法筆記

In this sense, 'disabilities' is typically uncountable ('she is on disability') or used in the plural 'disability payments/benefits.' The singular 'disability' can also refer to the payment system itself ('He receives disability').

常見錯誤

❌I applied for a disability.' (ambiguous)
✅I applied for disability benefits.
💡Clarify that you mean the payment programme, not a condition.
❌She receives many disabilities.
✅She receives disability payments.
💡'Disabilities' as plural of the condition does not mean payments.