lending
lending — 名詞
1. the activity of giving money or property to someone with the understanding that
放貸；出借
把錢或物品借給他人的行為
the activity of giving money or property to someone with the understanding that it will be returned later, often with extra payment when the loan is money.
Stricter lending by local banks made it harder for new restaurants to open.
本地銀行收緊放貸，使新餐廳更難開張。
finance use: stricter lending by banks
After the storm, community lending helped several families replace damaged tools.
暴風雨過後，社區出借資源幫助了好幾個家庭換掉損壞的工具。
The charity's small-scale lending gave farmers time to buy seed before spring.
那家慈善機構的小額放貸，讓農民能在春天前買到種子。
Government reports showed a sharp drop in mortgage lending last winter.
政府報告顯示，去年冬天房貸放款大幅下滑。
- borrowing
describes receiving money or property from the other side of the same exchange.
文法句型
lending + to + borrower
bank/private/consumer lending
lending + activity/practice
用法筆記
Often used in banking and business reports rather than in very informal speech. It can refer to money, but in broader contexts it can also describe the temporary giving of books, tools, or other property.
常見錯誤
lending — 動詞
1. giving someone an object for a limited time and expecting the same thing to come
借出
暫時把物品交給別人使用
giving someone an object for a limited time and expecting the same thing to come back later.
Élise is lending her bike to a neighbor because his train pass has expired.
Élise 正在把她的腳踏車借給鄰居，因為他的火車月票已經過期了。
pattern: be lending + object + to + person
Adina kept lending kitchen bowls to friends during the school festival.
學校園遊會期間，Adina 一直把廚房用碗借給朋友。
Amihan was lending camping gear to cousins who arrived without bags.
Amihan 當時正把露營裝備借給那些沒帶行李就到達的表親。
The museum is lending a Roman coin to the town library this month.
這個月，那家博物館正把一枚羅馬硬幣借給鎮上的圖書館。
- borrow
focuses on the person who receives and uses the item.
文法句型
be lending + object + to + person
lending + object for a short time
用法筆記
Use this sense for physical things or other items that are expected back in the same form. The receiver is usually introduced with 'to'.
常見錯誤
2. giving out money that borrowers must repay later, usually with interest, especia
放款
把資金借出並約定償還
giving out money that borrowers must repay later, usually with interest, especially as part of the regular work of a bank, credit union, or similar lender.
Regional banks are still lending to family farms despite the dry season.
儘管乾季來臨，地方銀行仍在向家庭農場放款。
finance use: banks are lending to borrowers
Elena's credit union began lending small amounts to street vendors last year.
去年，Elena 的信用合作社開始向街頭攤販辦理小額放款。
pattern: lending money to small borrowers
The bank stopped lending after factory closures raised fears about unpaid debt.
工廠關閉提高了呆帳疑慮之後，那家銀行停止放款。
Romi works for a company that is lending millions to solar builders this year.
Romi 任職的公司今年正向太陽能業者放款數百萬。
- borrow
describes taking the money rather than providing it.
文法句型
be lending + money + to + borrower
banks are lending
lending at + rate
用法筆記
This sense is most often used about banks, credit unions, governments, or other organized lenders. It focuses on money, not on ordinary objects such as books or tools.
常見錯誤
3. adding a particular feeling, appearance, or character to something.
增添
使某事物多出某種氣氛或特質
adding a particular feeling, appearance, or character to something.
Soft lamps are lending the cafe a calmer mood during the evening rush.
柔和的燈光在晚間忙碌時段替這家咖啡館增添了較平靜的氣氛。
pattern: lend + place + a quality
A silver frame was lending the photo an old-fashioned elegance.
銀色相框替這張照片增添了一種復古的優雅感。
Adaeze's careful pauses were lending her speech a note of seriousness.
Adaeze 小心停頓的方式，正替她的演講增添一絲嚴肅感。
Morning fog is lending the river a mysterious look in these photographs.
在這些照片裡，晨霧正替這條河增添一種神祕感。
- remove
focuses on taking away a quality instead of adding one.
文法句型
be lending + object + a quality
lending + tone/air/feeling to + thing
用法筆記
The subject is usually something that creates an effect, such as light, color, music, weather, or a person's behavior. The object receives the new quality.
常見錯誤
4. being naturally suitable for a purpose or easy to think about in a particular wa
適合
本身很適於某種用途或看法
being naturally suitable for a purpose or easy to think about in a particular way.
The wide kitchen is lending itself to large family meals during the holiday.
這個寬敞的廚房在假期期間很適合舉辦大家庭聚餐。
phrase: lend itself to + activity
Christopher's short article is lending itself well to classroom discussion.
Christopher 的短文很適合拿來做課堂討論。
phrase: lend itself well to + noun
The dry soil was not lending itself to planting young trees after the heatwave.
熱浪過後，乾燥的土壤不太適合種植幼樹。
This simple chart is lending itself to several useful comparisons in class.
這張簡單的圖表很適合在課堂上做幾種有用的比較。
- resist
suggests that something does not easily allow or support a use.
文法句型
be lending itself to + noun
not lending itself to + activity
用法筆記
This sense almost always appears in the fixed phrase 'lend itself to'. It is usually used about plans, spaces, materials, or ideas that fit a certain use easily.