stump
/stʌmp/ (bre, ipa) · /stʌmp/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈstəmp/ (ame, mw)
stump — 名詞
- stumpsingular
- stumpsplural
1. the short piece that stays behind after most of something has been cut off, brok
殘株；殘肢
切除或折斷後留下的部分
the short piece that stays behind after most of something has been cut off, broken off, or worn away — used especially for the base of a tree that is still in the ground after the trunk has been cut down, but also for a tooth or a limb after the main part is gone
After the storm, the old oak tree was gone and only a low stump remained in the front yard.
暴風雨過後，那棵老橡樹不見了，前院只剩下一截低矮的樹樁。
tree stump after felling
The dentist showed Yuki the small stump of the tooth that was left after the filling fell out.
牙醫讓 Yuki 看她那顆填充物脫落後剩下的牙根殘株。
Wei sat on a tree stump near the river to tie his shoelaces before the hike.
Wei 坐在河邊的樹樁上繫好他的鞋帶，準備出發健行。
After the accident, the doctors saved the arm but only a short stump remained below the elbow.
意外過後，醫生保住了那隻手臂，但手肘以下只剩下一截短短的殘肢。
文法句型
a/the + stump + of + noun
用法筆記
Frequently used with a following 'of' phrase to specify what was reduced: 'the stump of a tree', 'the stump of a tooth'. When referring to tree stumps, this is by far the most common use of the word for everyday situations.
常見錯誤
2. one of the three upright wooden posts that are pushed into the ground to form th
三柱門
板球球門的三根直立木柱
one of the three upright wooden posts that are pushed into the ground to form the wicket in the sport of cricket — together with two smaller crosspieces called bails, the stumps make up the target that the bowler tries to hit with the ball
The bowler aimed carefully at the middle stump and sent the ball flying at high speed.
投手仔細地瞄準中間那根三柱門，以極快的速度將球投出。
Ananya watched as the wicket-keeper knocked the bails off the stumps with a brilliant piece of fielding.
Ananya 看著捕手以一記漂亮的防守動作打落三柱門上的橫木。
bails off the stumps
The batter defended the stumps by blocking the ball with the flat face of the bat.
打擊手用球板的平面擋住球來保護三柱門。
Diego replaced the fallen stump after it was knocked over by a powerful throw from the boundary.
Diego 把被強力擲球撞倒的三柱門重新插回地上。
文法句型
the + stumps
stump + verb
用法筆記
In cricket, the three stumps have specific names: the off stump (closest to the batter's body), the leg stump (farthest from the batter), and the middle stump (between them). The term is almost always used in the plural ('stumps') unless describing an individual post being hit.
3. the moment in a cricket match when the umpire decides that play has finished for
當天比賽結束
板球比賽當天結束的時刻
the moment in a cricket match when the umpire decides that play has finished for the day, signalled by removing the stumps from the ground; the word 'stumps' used on its own means that the day's game is over
The umpire called stumps at half past six, and the players walked off the field together.
裁判在六點半宣布當天比賽結束，球員們一起走下球場。
call stumps
With the home team on 245 runs for three wickets, the captain agreed to draw stumps for the day.
主隊以三出局得 245 分的成績，隊長同意結束當天的比賽。
draw stumps
Heavy rain forced an early stumps, and the match will continue tomorrow morning.
大雨迫使比賽提早結束，比賽將於明天上午繼續進行。
The crowd cheered when the umpire pulled the stumps to signal the end of the day's play.
當裁判拔起三柱門宣告當天比賽結束時，全場觀眾歡呼起來。
文法句型
call + stumps
draw + stumps
at + stumps
用法筆記
This sense is used without an article — 'stumps' alone means the end of play. The common verb phrases are 'call stumps' (the umpire declares the end) and 'draw stumps' (the teams agree to stop). It always refers to the day's play being over, not the whole match.
4. a raised platform, event, or public occasion used by a politician to make speech
競選講台
政治人物發表競選演說的場合
a raised platform, event, or public occasion used by a politician to make speeches and try to persuade people to vote for them, especially during an election campaign
The candidate took to the stump in the town square to share her plans for the new school.
那位候選人在鎮上的廣場站上競選講台，分享她對新學校的規劃。
take to the stump
Fatima heard the senator speak from the stump at the county fair last weekend.
Fatima 上週末在郡博覽會上聽到了那位參議員在競選講台上的演說。
speak from the stump
The governor spent the whole month on the stump, visiting every small town in the state.
州長花了整整一個月巡迴競選，走訪了州內每一個小鎮。
From the stump, the mayor promised to lower taxes and repair the damaged roads.
市長在競選講台上承諾要降低稅收並修補受損的道路。
文法句型
on the stump
take to the stump
用法筆記
This sense comes from the American frontier practice of using a freshly cut tree stump as an impromptu platform for public speaking. The phrase 'on the stump' is a fixed expression meaning actively campaigning. In British English, 'on the stump' is understood but less common than 'on the campaign trail'.
常見錯誤
stump — 動詞
- stumppresent simple I / you / we / they
- stumps3rd person singular
- stumping-ing form
- stumpedpast simple
1. to cause someone to feel so confused that they cannot answer a question, solve a
難倒；困住
因問題困難而使某人無法回答
to cause someone to feel so confused that they cannot answer a question, solve a problem, or explain something — as if they have hit an obstacle they cannot get past
The teacher's unexpected question about black holes completely stumped Theo.
老師那個關於黑洞的突發問題讓 Theo 完全答不上來。
Zanele was stumped by the last crossword clue and had to ask her brother for help.
Zanele 被最後一個填字遊戲的提示難住了，只好向她哥哥求助。
passive: be stumped by
The final math problem on the test stumped nearly every student in the room.
考試的最後一道數學題難倒了班上幾乎所有學生。
When the reporter asked about the missing funds, the director looked stumped and did not reply.
當記者問起那筆失蹤的資金時，主管一臉困惑，沒有回答。
The detective was stumped by the case until a new witness came forward two days later.
這件案子讓偵探束手無策，直到兩天後一位新證人出面作證。
- baffle
slightly stronger, suggesting total, frustrating confusion
- perplex
more formal; suggests puzzled uncertainty rather than being stopped cold
- puzzle
less intense; suggests curiosity and a desire to figure something out
- confuse
broader and more general; can also mean to mix up or mistake one thing for another
文法句型
stump + noun/pronoun
be stumped by + noun
leave + noun + stumped
用法筆記
This is the only sense of 'stump' that is commonly used in the passive form: 'I'm stumped' is far more frequent than 'That stumps me'. Unlike 'confuse' which can be intransitive ('I confuse easily'), 'stump' in this sense is always transitive and requires an object or passive construction. Cannot be used in progressive tenses — say 'This stumps me' not 'This is stumping me' (though the latter appears informally).
常見錯誤
2. to walk with heavy, noisy steps, often because you are angry, annoyed, or determ
重步行走
用力地、發出響聲地行走
to walk with heavy, noisy steps, often because you are angry, annoyed, or determined — putting your feet down firmly each time you step
Olga stumped upstairs in her winter boots, making the whole house shake.
Olga 穿著冬季靴子踏著重重的腳步上樓，整個房子都在晃動。
stump + adverb (upstairs)
The little boy stumped across the room in his father's oversized boots.
那個小男孩穿著爸爸過大的靴子，在房間裡咚咚地走著。
stump across
After losing the argument, Javier stumped out of the kitchen and slammed the door behind him.
爭論輸了之後，Javier 重重地走出廚房，砰的一聲把門關上。
Lars heard his neighbour stumping around in the flat above late at night.
Lars 半夜聽到樓上的鄰居咚咚地走來走去。
文法句型
stump + adverb/preposition
stump + across/around/out/up
用法筆記
'Stump' as a verb of walking is less common than 'stomp' in American English but is used in British, Australian, and New Zealand English. The word usually appears with a following adverb of direction ('stump out', 'stump upstairs') or a prepositional phrase ('stump across the room'). The 'stomp' spelling is preferred in most formal writing, but both describe the same heavy-footed motion.
常見錯誤
3. to travel from place to place making speeches and meeting people in order to win
巡迴演說
到各地發表政治演說爭取支持
to travel from place to place making speeches and meeting people in order to win their votes for a political candidate or gain support for a particular cause
The presidential candidate stumped through three midwestern states in a single weekend.
那位總統候選人一個週末就跑遍了中西部三個州進行巡迴演說。
stump through + place
Amara's environmental group stumped across the region asking people to sign their clean-water petition.
Amara 的環保團體在該地區四處巡迴演說，請民眾簽署他們的淨水請願書。
For two months before the election, the senator stumped tirelessly from one town hall meeting to the next.
選前的兩個月裡，這位參議員不辭辛勞地從一個市民大會趕往下一場。
The candidate stumped the entire district, shaking hands with workers at factories and parents at school gates.
那位候選人在整個選區巡迴演說，在工廠和工人握手，在校門口和家長交談。
- campaign
the standard, neutral term; 'stump' is more vivid and suggests the physical travel and public speaking
- canvass
specifically means going door-to-door to ask for votes or opinions; quieter and more personal
- electioneer
formal and less common; describes any activity aimed at gaining electoral support
文法句型
stump + noun (region/state)
stump for + noun (candidate/cause)
stump through + noun
用法筆記
Derived from the noun sense 'stump' meaning a campaign platform (sense 4 above): standing 'on the stump' led to the verb meaning 'to go from stump to stump giving speeches'. The transitive form ('stump the state') is less common than the intransitive ('stump through the state'). This usage is strongly associated with American political campaigns.
常見錯誤
4. (in cricket) to end a batter's turn by knocking the two small crosspieces (the b
淘汰出局
板球中將打擊手淘汰出局的方式
(in cricket) to end a batter's turn by knocking the two small crosspieces (the bails) off the top of the three upright posts (the stumps) with the ball while the batter has moved outside the safe area in front of the wicket
The wicket-keeper stumped the batter on the very last ball of the over.
捕手在該局的最後一球將打擊手淘汰出局。
wicket-keeper stumps batter
Kenji was stumped just one run short of his half-century, much to his disappointment.
Kenji 距離半百分只差一分時被淘汰出局，令他非常失望。
passive: was stumped
The bowler celebrated wildly after the opening batter was stumped by a quick piece of wicket-keeping.
對方開路打擊手在一次快速的捕球動作中被淘汰出局後，投手興奮地慶祝。
The crowd gasped as the wicket-keeper stumped the best batter on the opposing team with a clean movement.
當捕手以乾淨俐落的動作淘汰了對方最強的打擊手時，全場觀眾倒吸一口氣。
文法句型
stump + noun (batter)
be stumped
get stumped + by + noun
用法筆記
This is a technical cricket term used in the passive form ('was stumped') almost as often as the active. In cricket scoring, the dismissal is recorded as 'st [wicket-keeper's name] b [bowler's name]'. Unlike a 'run out', being 'stumped' means the wicket-keeper alone removed the bails — the bowler did not need to throw the ball at the stumps themselves.
5. to dig up or grind away the tree stumps from a piece of land so that it can be u
清除樹樁
移除土地上的樹樁以便利用
to dig up or grind away the tree stumps from a piece of land so that it can be used for farming, building, or planting new crops
Before planting the new orchard, the family spent two weeks stumping the old field.
在種植新果園之前，這家人花了兩週清除舊田地裡的樹樁。
stumping + field (gerund form)
The construction crew stumped the land where the new supermarket would be built.
建築團隊清除了那片將要建造新超市的土地上的樹樁。
Ibrahim hired a team to stump the back garden and level the ground for a patio.
Ibrahim 僱了一組人清除後院的樹樁並整平地面，準備鋪設露台。
Farmers in the area spent generations stumping the forest to create open farmland.
該地區的農民花了好幾代人的時間清除森林，開墾出農田。
文法句型
stump + noun (land/field)
用法筆記
This is the least common verb sense and is used almost exclusively in farming, forestry, and construction contexts. 'Stump' in this sense is always followed by the area of land being cleared, not by the stumps themselves — 'stump the field' means to clear the field of stumps, not to clear the stumps themselves.