downing
downing — 形容詞
1. feeling sad and lacking energy or enthusiasm, often without a clear reason
沮喪；低落
感到悲傷或缺乏動力的狀態
feeling sad and lacking energy or enthusiasm, often without a clear reason
Mei-Lin has been feeling down since her best friend moved to a new city.
Mei-Lin 自從最好的朋友搬到新城市後就一直感到很沮喪。
feel + down + since + [event]
Hiroshi felt really down about failing his driving test.
Hiroshi 因為駕照沒考過而感到非常沮喪。
down + about + [reason]
The rainy weather made everyone at the office feel a bit down.
陰雨天讓辦公室裡的每個人都感到有些低落。
Luis felt down for months after losing his job at the factory.
Luis 在工廠的工作沒了之後，好幾個月都感到十分沮喪。
Nadia looked down all week after her cat ran away from home.
Nadia 的貓從家裡跑掉後，她整個星期都悶悶不樂。
文法句型
be + down
feel + down
down + about + noun phrase
用法筆記
Frequently used in the pattern 'feel down about [something]'. This sense describes a temporary low mood rather than a long-term clinical condition.
常見錯誤
2. (of a computer system, website, or machine) not working for a short time
當機；故障
電腦系統或機器暫時無法運作
(of a computer system, website, or machine) not working for a short time
Sofia could not finish her homework because the school website was down.
Sofia 因為學校網站當機而無法完成作業。
website + be + down
The factory's main system went down for three hours yesterday afternoon.
工廠的主系統昨天下午當機了三個小時。
system + go + down + for + duration
Chidi called technical support when his email server went down.
Chidi 的郵件伺服器當機時，他打電話給技術支援。
The library's online catalog was down, so students could not search for books.
圖書館的線上目錄當機了，所以學生無法搜尋書籍。
Amir could not use the ATM because the network was down.
Amir 因為網路故障而無法使用提款機。
- offline
specifically for computers and networks
- not working
more general, describes any kind of failure
- out of order
usually for public machines like vending machines or toilets
文法句型
be + down
go + down
down + for + duration
用法筆記
Subject is usually a computer system, website, server, or network. This sense does not apply to individual items like light bulbs or household appliances.
常見錯誤
downing — 副詞
1. moving from a higher place to one that is lower — for example, when snow falls f
向下
從高處往低處移動
moving from a higher place to one that is lower — for example, when snow falls from the sky, a ball rolls off a table, or someone climbs from a roof to the ground.
Snowflakes drifted down from the grey winter sky and covered the street.
雪花從灰白的冬日天空向下飄落，覆蓋了街道。
verb of motion + down for downward movement
Mei climbed carefully down the ladder to reach the ground floor.
Mei 小心翼翼地從梯子上爬下來，回到一樓。
A coin fell down the drain and disappeared before anyone could grab it.
一枚硬幣掉進排水管裡，誰都沒來得及撿起來。
The old photograph floated down and landed softly on the wooden floor.
那張舊照片飄落下來，輕輕落在木頭地板上。
- up
opposite direction, from lower to higher
文法句型
verb of motion + down
用法筆記
This is the most basic directional sense. Common with verbs of motion such as fall, climb, go, come, drop, roll, and float.
常見錯誤
2. coming from a higher position and making contact with a surface, or settling fir
下來；放下
落到表面或固定就位
coming from a higher position and making contact with a surface, or settling firmly into a fixed position — for example, sitting down on a chair, putting a book onto a table, or pressing a button until it clicks.
Sofia sat down on the park bench and opened her novel.
Sofia 在公園長椅上坐下來，翻開了小說。
sit + down for settling into a sitting position
Wei put the heavy cardboard box down on the kitchen counter.
Wei 把沈重的紙箱放在廚房檯面上。
The librarian laid the rare manuscript down on a white velvet cloth.
圖書館員把那本珍稀手稿放在白色天鵝絨布上。
Amara pressed down firmly on the suitcase lid until it clicked shut.
Amara 用力壓下行李箱蓋，直到它咔噠一聲扣緊。
- up
away from a surface into a raised position
文法句型
verb + down
sit + down
put + down
press + down
用法筆記
Commonly pairs with verbs that describe placing something onto a surface (put, lay, set) or applying pressure (press, push, hold). Unlike sense 1, the movement here ends with contact against a surface.
3. showing a reduction in amount, degree, strength, or complexity — for example, wh
下降；減少
數量、程度或狀態降低
showing a reduction in amount, degree, strength, or complexity — for example, when prices fall, the wind calms, an engine slows, or water reduces to a smaller amount through boiling.
The temperature dropped sharply down to five degrees below zero last night.
昨晚氣溫驟降至零下五度。
verb of reduction + down for decrease
Elena turned the volume down so the baby could sleep peacefully.
Elena 把音量調低，讓寶寶能安穩入睡。
Deepak managed to narrow the candidate list down to just three people.
Deepak 成功將候選人名單縮小到只剩下三個人。
The doctor told Fatima to slow down and take a long deep breath.
醫生要 Fatima 放慢腳步，深呼吸一口氣。
Prices for fresh fruit usually come down after the summer harvest season.
新鮮水果的價格通常在夏季收成後下降。
- up
increase in amount, degree, or level
文法句型
verb + down
go + down
calm + down
turn + down
slow + down
用法筆記
Subject is typically a measurable quantity (temperature, price, volume, speed) or a person's state (excitement, pace). Frequently combines with phrasal-verb-like combinations such as calm down, turn down, slow down, and narrow down.
常見錯誤
4. used after verbs such as burn, cut, knock, pull, or tear to mean causing somethi
倒；垮
與摧毀類動詞連用，表示使物體倒下
used after verbs such as burn, cut, knock, pull, or tear to mean causing something to collapse or hit the ground, usually breaking or suffering damage in the process.
The workers tore the old brick warehouse down to make space for a park.
工人們拆除了那棟舊磚造倉庫，好騰出空間蓋公園。
tear + down for demolishing a structure
A strong winter wind blew the garden fence down during the night storm.
昨夜暴風雨中，一陣強風吹倒了花園的籬笆。
Omar's dog knocked the flower vase down and it shattered on the tiles.
Omar 的狗撞倒了花瓶，花瓶在地磚上摔碎了。
The city government decided to pull the dangerous building down immediately.
市政府決定立即拆除那棟危險建築。
- up
building or constructing (build up, put up)
文法句型
verb of destruction + down
用法筆記
This sense always follows a transitive verb of destruction — it is never used on its own. The object is the thing that falls. Common verbs include burn down, cut down, knock down, pull down, tear down, and blow down.
常見錯誤
5. put into written or recorded form on paper or in a document — for example, writi
寫下；記下
以文字記錄在紙上
put into written or recorded form on paper or in a document — for example, writing a phone number on a list or copying instructions from a whiteboard.
Yuki wrote down the appointment date in her small leather notebook.
Yuki 在小皮面筆記本裡寫下了約會日期。
write + down for recording information on paper
The students copied the grammar rules down from the whiteboard carefully.
學生們仔細地把白板上的文法規則抄寫下來。
Liam noted down every address the estate agent mentioned during the tour.
Liam 把房仲在帶看時提到的每個地址都記了下來。
The secretary put the customer's complaint down in the official log book.
秘書把客人的投訴記錄在正式的登記簿上。
文法句型
write + down
copy + down
note + down
put + down
用法筆記
This sense typically combines with verbs of recording (write, copy, note, put, jot, set). The written record can be anything from a quick personal note to a formal document.
常見錯誤
6. indicates somewhere is a long way from your current location or from a major urb
遠處
離中心或說話者很遠
indicates somewhere is a long way from your current location or from a major urban centre; often used with prepositions such as 'in', 'out', or 'off'
Ananya lives down in the countryside, about an hour from the city.
Ananya 住在鄉下，離市區大約一小時車程。
down + in + location for remote places
Chidi was stuck down on a narrow dirt road when his van broke down.
Chidi 被困在一條偏遠的泥土路上，他的廂型車也拋錨了。
The cabin sits down deep in the forest where no phone signal reaches.
那座小木屋位於森林深處，完全收不到手機訊號。
Mei-Lin drove down to the lake for a weekend camping trip with friends.
Mei-Lin 開車到湖邊，和朋友們度過了一個露營週末。
Kenji's grandparents are down in Florida for the winter this year.
Kenji 的祖父母今年冬天住在佛羅里達州的偏遠地區。
- up
used for places closer to a centre or higher in altitude
文法句型
down + [preposition] + [location noun phrase]
用法筆記
This sense is most common with prepositions that emphasise remoteness: down in, down at, down by, down on, down off. The speaker is usually in or near a central location and describing somewhere far away.
7. in or toward the south; to a place that is further south
向南
往南方
in or toward the south; to a place that is further south
Every autumn the geese fly down to warmer wetlands for the winter.
每年秋天，雁群飛往南方的溫暖濕地過冬。
down + to for southward movement of animals
Elena moved down to Texas for a research position at the medical school.
Elena 搬到德州，在醫學院擔任研究職位。
The river flows down from the northern mountains all the way to the coast.
這條河從北部高山一路流向海岸。
Satoshi sailed down the coast, stopping at small fishing villages along the way.
Satoshi 沿著海岸航行，途中停留在幾個小漁村。
The storm is heading down the coast and should reach the port by midnight.
暴風雨正沿著海岸南下，預計午夜抵達港口。
文法句型
down + [direction/location]
down + [coast/river/road]
用法筆記
Frequently used with go, move, head, travel, fly, and flow. In some contexts (like down the coast or down the river) the direction may also imply following a route, not strictly south.
常見錯誤
8. passed through family lines from earlier generations to later ones, or preserved
傳承
從長輩或古代傳到現在
passed through family lines from earlier generations to later ones, or preserved from past eras into the present day
This bracelet has been passed down through four generations of Zara's family.
這條手環已經在 Zara 家傳承了四代。
pass down + through + [number] generations
Many traditional folk songs have come down to us from the medieval period.
許多傳統民謠從中古時期流傳到我們這個時代。
Omar's recipe was handed down from his grandfather who owned a bakery in Cairo.
Omar 的食譜是從他在開羅經營麵包店的祖父傳下來的。
Those customs have survived down to the present day with very few changes.
那些習俗流傳至今，幾乎沒有什麼改變。
Stories of the great flood have been passed down from one village elder to the next.
關於大洪水的故事，從一位部落長老傳給下一位。
文法句型
[verb] down + [from + person/time] + [to + person/time]
用法筆記
Most common with the verbs pass, hand, come, survive, and carry, often in passive or perfect constructions. The 'from…to…' frame makes the direction of transmission explicit.
9. into the stomach, used especially when talking about swallowing food, drink, or
吞下
進入胃裡（指吞嚥食物或藥）
into the stomach, used especially when talking about swallowing food, drink, or medicine
Aiko drank the warm soup quickly and felt it go down to her empty stomach.
Aiko 迅速喝下熱湯，感覺到湯進入空空的胃裡。
go down for swallowing sensation
The child ate a chocolate bar and washed it down with a glass of cold milk.
那個小孩吃了一條巧克力棒，再用一杯冷牛奶把它沖下去。
The medicine went down easily because it was mixed with orange juice.
因為摻了柳橙汁，那藥很容易就吞下去了。
Nadia could not keep any food down after the long boat trip across the lake.
Nadia 在湖上搭了很長時間的船後，什麼東西都無法在胃裡留住。
Olga swallowed the large vitamin pill and forced it down with a gulp of water.
Olga 吞下那顆很大的維他命，接著喝了一大口水硬嚥下去。
- inside
more general; down specifically describes the direction into the digestive tract
文法句型
[verb] + [object] + down
[verb] down + [noun phrase]
用法筆記
Commonly paired with go down (swallow easily), get down (manage to swallow), keep down (retain in the stomach without vomiting), and wash down (drink after eating). Subject is often food, drink, or medicine.
常見錯誤
10. as the first part of the total price, paid immediately when you agree to purchas
首付
購物時先付的頭期款
as the first part of the total price, paid immediately when you agree to purchase something, with the remaining amount to be paid in instalments
Mateo put five thousand dollars down on a used car and financed the rest.
Mateo 為一輛二手車付了五千美元頭期款，其餘辦理分期。
put + [amount] + down + on + [purchase]
You must pay ten percent down when you sign the contract for the house.
簽購屋合約時，你必須先付百分之十的頭期款。
Sofia put a large sum down on her first apartment last spring.
Sofia 去年春天為她的第一間公寓付了一大筆頭期款。
The buyer made a generous cash deposit down on the store that morning.
買方那天早上為那間店鋪付了一筆可觀的現金頭期款。
Priya decided to put more money down so her monthly payments would be lower.
Priya 決定多付一些頭期款，這樣每月的還款金額就會比較低。
- deposit
a more general term; down specifically emphasises the upfront portion of a larger purchase
文法句型
put + [amount] + down + on + [purchase]
用法筆記
Almost always used with put or pay followed by an amount. The object of on is the thing being bought (a house, car, business). This sense does not apply to services or rent payments.
常見錯誤
downing — 名詞
1. the small, soft feathers that cover young birds and are used as filling for warm
絨毛；細毛
鳥類幼羽或人體細軟汗毛
the small, soft feathers that cover young birds and are used as filling for warm coats, pillows, and quilts, or very fine, light-coloured hair that grows on a person's face or body
Theo's winter jacket is filled with goose down, so it keeps him warm in the snow.
Theo 的冬季外套填充了鵝絨，讓他在雪中保持溫暖。
down as filling material for clothing
Zara noticed the soft down on her baby's arms and smiled.
Zara 注意到寶寶手臂上的細軟絨毛，微笑了一下。
down as fine hair on skin
The hotel pillows were stuffed with pure down, making them very comfortable.
飯店的枕頭填充了純鵝絨，睡起來非常舒適。
Baby ducks are covered in yellow down before their adult feathers grow.
小鴨在長出成鳥羽毛前，身上覆蓋著黃色的絨毛。
A soft blonde down covered the boy's cheeks and upper lip.
男孩的臉頰和上唇長出了一層淡金色的細毛。
用法筆記
Bird-related uses (goose down, duck down, down-filled) are far more common than the body-hair sense, which usually describes a baby's or young person's facial hair.
常見錯誤
2. a strong feeling of not liking someone, often for a reason that is not fair or r
厭惡；偏見
對某人無來由的厭惡感
a strong feeling of not liking someone, often for a reason that is not fair or reasonable
Priya seems to have a down on her new boss for no clear reason.
Priya 對她的新老闆似乎有無來由的厭惡。
idiomatic: have a down on [someone]
Linnea could not understand why her teacher had such a down on her.
Linnea 不明白為什麼老師對她懷有這麼大的偏見。
Mika always felt her teammates had a down on her, though she never knew why.
Mika 一直覺得隊友對她帶有偏見，但她從不知道原因。
The visitors had a down on the whole neighbourhood after their car was stolen.
那組訪客對整個社區懷有偏見，因為他們的車被偷了。
用法筆記
Frequently appears in the fixed pattern 'have a down on [someone]'. Almost always informal and British in use.
常見錯誤
downing — 介系詞
1. used to show that someone or something moves from one point to another along or
沿著；順著
沿著道路、河流等空間移動
used to show that someone or something moves from one point to another along or through a continuous space such as a road, river, hallway, or path
The mail carrier walked slowly down the long driveway to deliver the package.
郵差沿著長長的車道慢慢走過去遞送包裹。
down + noun phrase (path/road): movement along a path
Tears ran down her cheeks as she listened to the sad story.
聽那個悲傷的故事時，淚水順著她的臉頰流下來。
down + body part: liquid flowing along a surface
A group of tourists walked down the narrow street taking photos of the old buildings.
一群遊客沿著狹窄的街道走著，一邊拍下老建築的照片。
The nurse pushed the wheelchair down the hospital corridor toward the exit.
護士推著輪椅沿著醫院走廊朝出口走去。
Fallen leaves floated gently down the stream after the autumn rain.
秋天的雨後，落葉輕輕地順著溪流漂下去。
- along
emphasises the length of the path rather than direction; 'walk along the beach' vs 'walk down the beach'
- through
suggests moving from one side or end of a space to the other; 'walk through the tunnel' implies entering and exiting
- across
implies crossing a space sideways rather than following its length; 'walk across the street' vs 'walk down the street'
- up
indicates movement toward a higher point; 'walk up the stairs' vs 'walk down the stairs'
文法句型
down + noun phrase (path/road/river/hallway)
常見錯誤
downing — 動詞
1. to force a person, animal, or aircraft down onto the ground from above, especial
擊落；打倒
使從高處掉落到地面
to force a person, animal, or aircraft down onto the ground from above, especially by hitting or shooting at them
The soldiers downed the enemy drone with a single well-aimed shot.
士兵們一發精準射擊就擊落了敵方無人機。
down + object (flying target) — military context
A strong linebacker downed the running back just inches from the goal line.
一名強壯的線衛在距離球門線僅幾吋的地方撲倒了跑衛。
The storm downed power lines across three neighbourhoods last night.
昨晚的暴風雨吹倒了三個社區的電線桿。
Binta downed the pheasant with a single shot from her grandfather's rifle.
Binta 用祖父的步槍一槍就打倒了那隻野雞。
- bring down
phrasal verb, same meaning
- shoot down
specifically by shooting
- fell
more formal, used for trees or large animals
- tackle
specifically in sports, grabbing to bring to ground
文法句型
down + object (person / animal / flying object)
用法筆記
Object is typically a person, animal, aircraft, or tree. Frequently used in news reports about military action, storms, or American football.
常見錯誤
2. to drink a beverage or eat a portion of food very rapidly, usually in a single a
灌下；快速吃喝
非常快速地喝或吃
to drink a beverage or eat a portion of food very rapidly, usually in a single action
After the long run, Wei downed a whole bottle of water in ten seconds.
長跑結束後，Wei 十秒鐘就灌下了一整瓶水。
down + object (beverage) — speed implied
The children downed their pizza slices and ran back outside to play.
孩子們快速吃完披薩片，又跑回外面玩耍。
Santiago downed his coffee and rushed out the door to catch the train.
Santiago 灌下咖啡就衝出門去趕火車。
Mika downed three aspirin tablets with a sip of water and lay down on the couch.
Mika 用一小口水吞下三顆阿斯匹靈，然後躺到沙發上。
文法句型
down + object (food/drink/medicine)
用法筆記
Often used for beverages or single-portion food items. Implies speed above all; the manner of eating or drinking is irrelevant. Cannot be used for a slow, leisurely meal.
常見錯誤
3. to beat an opposing player or team in a sports match or competition
擊敗；戰勝
在比賽中打敗對手
to beat an opposing player or team in a sports match or competition
The home team downed their rivals three goals to one in the final match.
主隊在決賽中以三比一擊敗了他們的對手。
down + object (opponent team) — sports context
Zara downed the defending champion in straight sets at the tennis tournament.
Zara 在網球錦標賽中以直落兩盤擊敗了衛冕冠軍。
The underdog boxer downed the title holder in the fifth round with a powerful punch.
那位不被看好的拳手在第五回合以一記重拳擊敗了衛冕者。
Kwame downed his chess opponent in just fifteen moves during the school competition.
Kwame 在學校比賽中僅用了十五步就擊敗了他的西洋棋對手。
- lose to
be defeated by an opponent
- surrender to
give up to the other side
文法句型
down + object (opponent/team)
用法筆記
Primarily used in sports journalism. More dramatic than simply saying 'beat' or 'defeat.' Distinguish from sense 1 (BRING DOWN): in sports 'down' does not mean literally falling to the ground — it is purely about winning.