downed
downed — 動詞
- downedpresent simple I / you / we / they
- downeds3rd person singular
- downeding-ing form
- downededpast simple
1. To force a person, animal, or object to the ground, typically by striking, shoot
擊倒
使（人或物）倒下倒地
To force a person, animal, or object to the ground, typically by striking, shooting, or pushing them.
The storm downed several large trees along River Road.
暴風雨吹倒了河濱路上的好幾棵大樹。
collocation: storm downed [trees / power lines]
A police officer downed the fleeing suspect with a single tackle.
一名警察一個擒抱就把逃跑的嫌犯撲倒在地。
Strong winds downed the neighbour's wooden fence during the night.
強風在夜裡吹倒了鄰居的木籬笆。
Diya downed the drone with a well-aimed rock.
Diya 用一顆瞄準精準的石頭擊落了那架無人機。
Mira downed the old garden shed using a sledgehammer.
Mira 用大錘砸倒了舊花園小屋。
- knock down
more focused on the act of hitting, less common for storms or gunfire
- bring down
slightly more formal; often used for aircraft or large animals
- fell
specifically used for cutting down trees; more formal
文法句型
down + noun phrase
用法筆記
Frequently used with natural forces (storms, winds) as the subject, or with objects like trees, fences, aircraft, or opponents.
常見錯誤
2. To swallow food or liquid rapidly, often in a single go, particularly when short
吞下；喝光
快速吃完或喝完
To swallow food or liquid rapidly, often in a single go, particularly when short on time.
Naoko downed her coffee and rushed out the door.
Naoko 一口氣喝完咖啡就衝出了門。
The children downed their juice in just a few seconds.
孩子們幾秒鐘就把果汁喝光了。
informal register; typically used for swift eating or drinking
After the long run, Tamás downed a whole bottle of water.
長跑結束後，Tamás 喝光了整瓶水。
Sofia downed three slices of pizza before the film started.
電影開演前，Sofia 狼吞虎嚥地吃了三片披薩。
The tired hikers downed their sandwiches and kept walking.
疲憊的登山客幾口吞下三明治後繼續趕路。
文法句型
down + noun phrase (food/drink)
用法筆記
Informal register. Common in everyday speech and casual writing. The object is usually a drink or a portion of food, not an ingredient or a meal type like 'soup' or 'dinner'.
常見錯誤
3. To defeat an opposing player or team in a competitive sport.
擊敗
在比賽中戰勝對手
To defeat an opposing player or team in a competitive sport.
The Eagles downed their rivals by three goals to one.
老鷹隊以三比一擊敗了宿敵。
sports context: downed [team name]
Amani downed the defending champion in the final match.
Amani 在決賽中擊敗了衛冕冠軍。
The underdogs downed the top-ranked team in a stunning upset.
弱勢隊伍以驚人的逆轉擊敗了排名第一的球隊。
Lisa downed her opponent in straight sets at the tennis tournament.
Lisa 在網球錦標賽中直落三盤擊敗對手。
Bilal downed the league leaders with a late winning goal.
Bilal 在比賽末段踢進致勝一球，擊敗了聯賽龍頭。
- lose to
to be defeated by an opponent
文法句型
down + noun phrase (opponent/team)
用法筆記
Informal register, common in sports journalism and casual conversation. The subject can be a player, a team, or a side.
常見錯誤
downed — 名詞
1. the soft, fine feathers that come from birds such as ducks and geese, used as a
羽絨
鳥類的細軟絨毛，用於填充寢具衣物
the soft, fine feathers that come from birds such as ducks and geese, used as a lightweight warm filling for pillows, jackets, and bedding.
Hugo bought a jacket filled with down for his winter trip to the mountains.
Hugo 買了一件羽絨外套，準備去山上過冬。
down-filled jacket — collocation
The baby's pillow felt very light because the inside was pure down.
寶寶的枕頭非常輕，因為裡面全是純羽絨。
pure down — collocation
Gita used a down comforter on her bed during the cold winter months.
Gita 在寒冷的冬天用羽絨被蓋在身上。
Down feathers keep you warmer than synthetic materials in freezing weather.
在寒冷的天氣裡，羽絨比人造纖維更能保暖。
The old sofa cushions still had original down inside them after twenty years.
那張舊沙發的靠墊用了二十年，裡面還是原來的羽絨。
文法句型
down + noun (down jacket / down pillow)
用法筆記
Uncountable; often used as a modifier in compounds: down jacket, down pillow, down comforter.
常見錯誤
2. very short, soft, fine hair that grows on some plants, fruits, or on parts of th
細毛
人體或植物表面的細軟短毛
very short, soft, fine hair that grows on some plants, fruits, or on parts of the human body.
The peach was covered in a thin layer of down that rubbed off easily.
那顆水蜜桃上有一層薄薄的細毛，輕輕一摸就掉了。
down on fruit — collocation
Kwame noticed the soft down on his arms as he rolled up his sleeves.
Kwame 捲起袖子，注意到手臂上細軟的寒毛。
down on [body part]
Newborn babies sometimes have a light down on their shoulders and back.
新生嬰兒的肩膀和背上有時會有一層淺淺的細毛。
The young leaves of the plant had a fine grey down covering their surface.
那種植物的嫩葉表面覆蓋了一層細小的灰色絨毛。
- fuzz
informal; can refer to short soft hair or fibres
- vellus hair
technical term for the fine short hair on the human body
文法句型
down on [body part / plant]
用法筆記
Uncountable; often occurs with 'on' to specify location (down on the arms, down on a leaf). Distinct from sense 1, which refers to bird feathers rather than body hair.
常見錯誤
3. a feeling of dislike or unfair negative opinion about someone, often held withou
厭惡
對某人無來由的厭惡或不滿
a feeling of dislike or unfair negative opinion about someone, often held without a clear reason.
The manager seems to have a down on anyone who arrives late to meetings.
那位經理似乎對任何開會遲到的人都有偏見。
have a down on [someone] — fixed phrase
Paloma could not explain why she had such a down on her new neighbour.
Paloma 說不上來為什麼自己對新鄰居這麼反感。
The teacher's down on the football team was obvious to everyone in the class.
老師對足球隊的厭惡，全班都看得出來。
People often have a down on somebody just because that person dresses differently.
人們常常只因別人穿著不同就對那個人抱有偏見。
- grudge
a long-held feeling of anger or dislike; stronger and more lasting
- resentment
more formal; implies feeling angry about unfair treatment
- liking
general positive feeling toward someone
文法句型
have a down on [someone]
用法筆記
Almost always used in the fixed phrase 'have a down on [someone]'. Rarely used outside this construction. Chiefly British English.
4. a county in south-eastern Northern Ireland that lies beside the Irish Sea coast.
唐郡
北愛爾蘭東南部一郡
a county in south-eastern Northern Ireland that lies beside the Irish Sea coast.
The Mourne Mountains in County Down are a popular hiking destination.
唐郡的莫恩山脈是很受歡迎的健行地點。
County Down — place name
Olivia spent her summer holiday visiting the coastal towns of County Down.
Olivia 暑假在唐郡的海邊小鎮度假。
The ferry from Scotland arrives at the port of Strangford in County Down.
從蘇格蘭來的渡輪抵達唐郡的斯特蘭福德港。
Many tourists visit County Down each year to see the historic castles along the coastline.
每年都有許多遊客到唐郡參觀海岸線上的歷史城堡。
用法筆記
Always capitalised as a proper noun, usually preceded by 'County'. Not to be confused with 'down' (soft feathers) or 'the Downs' (open highlands).
5. (in American football) each of up to four chances, taken one play at a time, tha
進攻回合
美式足球中每次推進十碼的進攻機會
(in American football) each of up to four chances, taken one play at a time, that a team gets to push the ball forward at least ten yards from the starting line.
The quarterback threw a long pass on first down, but it was incomplete.
四分衛在第一次進攻回合就嘗試長傳，但是球沒接到。
first / second / third / fourth down — series of downs
With one down left, the team ran the ball quickly to gain enough yards.
球隊只剩下最後一次進攻回合，必須趕快跑陣爭取碼數。
The crowd cheered when the running back gained eight yards on third down.
跑鋒在第三次進攻回合推進八碼，全場觀眾歡聲雷動。
The referee signalled a new set of downs after the team reached the ten-yard mark.
球隊成功推進十碼後，裁判示意進入新一輪的進攻回合。
文法句型
first / second / third / fourth down
down and distance
用法筆記
Countable noun; the game starts with 'first down', and each play uses one down. After four unsuccessful downs the team loses possession. Often used in phrases like 'it's third down and long'.
6. a wide area of high land without trees, covered in grass, especially in the sout
丘陵草原
英格蘭南部無樹的起伏高地
a wide area of high land without trees, covered in grass, especially in the south of England.
The hikers walked across the rolling downs, enjoying the wide open views of the countryside.
登山者走過起伏的丘陵草原，欣賞著開闊的鄉間景色。
the downs — usually plural
Sheep have been grazing on the South Downs for hundreds of years.
綿羊在南唐斯丘陵草原上吃草已經好幾百年了。
the South Downs — place name
From the top of the down you could see the sea in the distance.
從那片高地頂端可以看見遠方的大海。
The North Downs offer gentle walking paths through open grassland and small woods.
北唐斯丘陵草原有平緩的步道，穿過開闊的草地和小樹林。
文法句型
the downs
the South Downs
用法筆記
Usually used in the plural form 'the downs', often capitalised in place names like 'the South Downs' or 'the North Downs'. The singular form 'a down' is rare but occasionally used for one specific hill.
downed — 形容詞
- downedpositive
- downedercomparative
- downedestsuperlative
1. feeling sad, without the energy or wish to do things
沮喪的
感到難過、沒有動力
feeling sad, without the energy or wish to do things
Lien has been feeling down ever since she failed her driving test.
Lien 自從駕照沒考過之後就一直心情低落。
predicative: be + feeling down
The rainy weather made everyone in the office look down.
下雨天讓辦公室裡的每個人都看起來悶悶不樂。
Caio was really down after hearing that his grandmother was in hospital.
Caio 聽到祖母住院的消息後非常沮喪。
A short walk in the park helped Ziad feel less down about the bad news.
在公園散步一會兒就讓 Ziad 不再那麼難過了。
Noa looked down for weeks after losing her job at the bookstore.
Noa 失去書店的工作後，連續好幾個星期都情緒低落。
文法句型
be + down
用法筆記
Predicative only — you can say 'He feels down' but not 'a down person' in this sense. Frequently used with 'feel', 'look', or 'be'.
常見錯誤
2. not operating or available for use, especially about computers, websites, or pow
停機的
系統或機器暫時無法運作
not operating or available for use, especially about computers, websites, or power systems
The school's website has been down since the server crashed on Monday.
學校的網站從週一伺服器當機後就一直無法使用。
perfect tense: has been down
All the cash machines were down because of a power cut in the area.
由於區域停電，所有的提款機都無法運作。
Aarav could not finish his homework because the online library system was down.
Aarav 因為線上圖書館系統當機而無法完成作業。
The hospital's phone lines went down for nearly two hours last night.
醫院的電話線昨晚中斷了將近兩個小時。
When the payment system is down, customers have to pay with cash instead.
當付款系統無法使用時，顧客必須改付現金。
- offline
more specific to internet-connected systems
- out of order
used for physical machines like vending machines or toilets
- not working
general and neutral; less technical
- up
direct opposite; 'the system is up again'
- operational
formal; used in official contexts
文法句型
be + down
go + down
用法筆記
Predicative only. Commonly used for technology ('the computer is down'), but also for any service or system ('the elevator is down').
常見錯誤
3. located in a low place or moving toward a lower position
向下的
位於低處或朝下方移動
located in a low place or moving toward a lower position
Liam sat on a down slope where the grass was still wet from the rain.
Liam 坐在一個朝下的斜坡上，那裡的草因雨水仍然濕漉漉的。
attributive: down + noun
The branches hung down low, almost touching the surface of the river.
樹枝低垂下來，幾乎碰到了河水的水面。
Rohan pointed to the down escalator and said the shop was on the lower floor.
Rohan 指著向下的手扶梯說商店在較低樓層。
Press the down arrow to scroll to the rest of the page.
按下向下箭頭即可捲到頁面其餘部分。
A strong down current near the beach pulled the swimmers toward deeper water.
海灘附近一股強勁的向下水流把游泳者拉向更深的水域。
- lower
more common and neutral for position comparison
- descending
more formal; describes motion rather than state
文法句型
down + noun
be + down
4. having a lower price, value, or amount compared with an earlier time
下跌的
價格或價值低於先前水準
having a lower price, value, or amount compared with an earlier time
Petrol prices are down again this month, which is good news for drivers.
這個月的油價又下跌了，對開車的人來說是個好消息。
be + down for prices
The company's profits were down by twelve percent compared to last year.
公司利潤比去年下跌了百分之十二。
down + by + amount
Rent in this area is finally down after years of steady increases.
這個區域的租金在連續多年上漲後終於調降了。
Ayana checked the stock market and saw that her shares were down again.
Ayana 查看股市後發現她的股票又跌了。
The cost of imported fruit is down from last winter because of better weather.
因為天氣好轉，進口水果的價格比去年冬天下降了。
文法句型
be + down
down + from/by + amount
用法筆記
Predicative only. Commonly followed by 'by' (amount) or 'from' (previous level). Used for prices, profits, rates, and percentages.
常見錯誤
5. trailing an opponent by a certain number of points in a game or competition
落後的
在比賽或競爭中得分落後
trailing an opponent by a certain number of points in a game or competition
The home team was down by six points with only two minutes left to play.
主隊在比賽只剩兩分鐘時落後六分。
down + by + score difference
Anthony's chess club was down three games to one in the tournament.
Anthony 的西洋棋社在錦標賽中以三比一落後。
Even though they were down early in the match, the players never gave up.
雖然比賽一開始就落後，選手們從未放棄。
Sofie's basketball team is down ten points with a whole quarter left.
Sofie 的籃球隊落後十分，但還有一整節比賽。
The visitors went down by a single goal and lost the championship final.
客隊以一球之差落敗，輸掉了冠軍決賽。
文法句型
be + down
down + by + number
用法筆記
Predicative only. The number of points can follow directly ('down three points') or with 'by' ('down by three'). Also used in American football for a ball that is not in play.
常見錯誤
6. fully learned or practised so that you can do it without mistakes or hesitation
精通的
已完全學會且能熟練操作
fully learned or practised so that you can do it without mistakes or hesitation
After three months of daily practice, Liang finally has the piano piece down.
經過三個月的每日練習，Liang 終於把鋼琴曲練熟了。
have + something + down
Emre practised the dance steps until he had every move down perfectly.
Emre 不斷練習舞步，直到每一個動作都完美到位。
The new receptionist needs another week to get all the phone procedures down.
新來的接待員還需要一週才能熟悉所有電話流程。
Lien had the grammar rules down after studying them for only two evenings.
Lien 只花了兩個晚上就把文法規則都記熟了。
The comedian got his entire routine down before the first live show of the tour.
那位喜劇演員在巡迴首場現場演出前就把整套橋段練得滾瓜爛熟。
- unfamiliar with
not yet learned or practised
- rusty
informal; once known but now out of practice
文法句型
have + noun + down
get + noun + down
用法筆記
Always in the structure 'have/get + object + down'. The object is usually a skill, piece of knowledge, or performance. Not used in simple 'be + down' construction for this sense.
常見錯誤
downed — 副詞
1. moving from a higher place towards a lower one — for example, when you go, fall,
向下
從高處往低處移動
moving from a higher place towards a lower one — for example, when you go, fall, or look from above to below.
The cat climbed up the tree but was too scared to climb back down.
那隻貓爬上了樹，但嚇得不敢再爬下來。
phrasal verb: climb up / climb down
Yan bent down to pick up the keys that had fallen on the floor.
Yan 彎下腰撿起掉在地板上的鑰匙。
phrasal verb: bend down
Leo looked down from the bridge and watched the river flow far below.
Leo 從橋上往下看，望著遠遠流過的河水。
The old chair fell down when Lakan stood on it to reach the ceiling.
那張舊椅子在 Lakan 站上去摸天花板時倒了下來。
A heavy snow came down through the night and covered the streets by morning.
大雪下了一整夜，到早上街道都被蓋住了。
- downward
more formal; used especially for direction of movement rather than the act itself
- up
the opposite spatial direction
文法句型
verb + down (movement)
用法筆記
This is the most basic spatial sense of 'down'. It combines freely with everyday movement verbs like 'go', 'come', 'fall', 'climb', and 'look'.
常見錯誤
2. moving from above onto the ground, a floor, or another flat surface — often used
下來；落下
從上方落到地面或平面上
moving from above onto the ground, a floor, or another flat surface — often used with verbs like 'sit', 'lie', 'put', or 'lay'.
Talia sat down on the grass and opened her lunch box.
Talia 在草地上坐下來，打開了她的午餐盒。
phrasal verb: sit down
Imani put the bag down on the table near the window.
Imani 把袋子放在窗邊的桌子上。
phrasal verb: put down
The rain came down hard and everyone ran inside for cover.
大雨傾盆而下，大家都跑進屋裡避雨。
Jude laid the blanket down on the sand before sitting on it.
Jude 把毯子鋪在沙灘上，然後坐了上去。
A pile of leaves blew down from the roof onto the garden path.
一堆落葉從屋頂被吹到花園小徑上。
- onto
a preposition, not an adverb; emphasizes the surface as the destination
- up
the opposite direction, away from a surface
文法句型
verb + down (onto surface)
用法筆記
Frequently used with reflexive body-position verbs (sit, lie, kneel) and with verbs of depositing objects (put, lay, place).
常見錯誤
3. pressed, stuck, or fastened so that something stays where it is and does not mov
固定
壓緊或固定使不移動
pressed, stuck, or fastened so that something stays where it is and does not move, come off, or get loose.
Caio pressed the sticker down firmly onto the envelope.
Caio 把貼紙緊緊按在信封上。
collocation: press down firmly
Emily held the saucepan lid down while the potatoes boiled.
Emily 壓住鍋蓋，讓馬鈴薯繼續煮。
The strong wind kept the tent down with ropes tied to metal pegs.
強風靠著綁在金屬樁上的繩子把帳篷壓住。
Rodrigo nailed a board down over the broken window frame.
Rodrigo 在破掉的窗框上釘了一塊木板。
The sticky tape would not stay down on the wet cardboard box.
膠帶在濕紙箱上貼不牢。
文法句型
verb + down (secure in position)
常見錯誤
4. to a smaller amount, lower degree, or simpler state — for example, prices going
降低
數量、程度或價格減少
to a smaller amount, lower degree, or simpler state — for example, prices going down, someone calming down, or turning down the volume.
The price of rice has come down a lot this month.
這個月米的價格降了不少。
phrasal verb: come down (price/amount)
Arjun turned the music down so the baby could sleep.
Arjun 把音樂關小聲，好讓寶寶睡覺。
phrasal verb: turn down (reduce volume)
The teacher asked the students to calm down and listen carefully.
老師要求學生冷靜下來，仔細聽講。
Winter temperatures went down to freezing during the night.
冬天的氣溫在夜間降到零度以下。
The company cut down its spending after sales dropped sharply.
那間公司在銷售額大幅下滑後減少了開支。
- less
a determiner/adverb, not a particle; 'less' focuses on the quantity itself
- up
to a higher level or amount
文法句型
verb + down (reduction)
用法筆記
Common in metaphorical extensions: 'calm down' (emotions), 'slow down' (speed), 'break down' (complexity), 'narrow down' (options).
常見錯誤
5. used after verbs of force (for example, 'knock', 'cut', or 'blow') to mean that
倒；打倒
使倒下、受損或毀壞
used after verbs of force (for example, 'knock', 'cut', or 'blow') to mean that someone or something is made to drop from an upright position onto a lower surface, frequently becoming damaged or ruined.
The firefighter knocked the wooden door down with a heavy axe.
消防隊員用一把沉重的斧頭把木門砸倒。
phrasal verb: knock down
Yara cut the old tree down because its roots were cracking the path.
Yara 把那棵老樹砍倒了，因為它的樹根把路面撐裂了。
phrasal verb: cut down (tree)
During the storm, strong winds blew several power lines down.
暴風雨期間，強風吹倒了幾條電線。
The soldiers tore the wall down using ropes and iron tools.
士兵們用繩子和鐵工具把牆拆倒了。
Rodrigo pushed the shelves down, and all the boxes crashed to the floor.
Rodrigo 推倒了架子，所有箱子都砰的一聲摔到地上。
- to the ground
a prepositional phrase that explains the result more literally
- up
as in 'put up' or 'build up', the opposite of taking down
文法句型
verb (knock/cut/blow/tear) + something + down
用法筆記
This sense only appears in phrasal-verb structures where 'down' follows a verb of force or destruction. The thing affected is usually a physical object (tree, wall, door) and ends up on the ground.
常見錯誤
6. in written form, especially to keep a record of information such as a name, numb
寫下；記下
以書面形式記錄
in written form, especially to keep a record of information such as a name, number, or idea so that it is not forgotten.
Please write your name down on this form before you leave.
請在這張表格上寫下你的姓名，再離開。
phrasal verb: write down
Chiara wrote down every word the professor said during the lecture.
Chiara 把教授在課堂上說的每一句話都記了下來。
I copied down the phone number before the line went dead.
我在電話斷線前抄下了那個電話號碼。
The lawyer asked her client to put the agreement down in writing.
律師要求她的客戶以書面形式把協議寫下來。
Jot down any ideas that come to mind during the meeting.
會議期間想到什麼點子就隨手記下來。
- in writing
a prepositional phrase that replaces the particle; emphasizes the medium
文法句型
verb (write/copy/jot/put) + something + down
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (TO A LOWER POSITION): in this sense, 'down' does not indicate physical lowering at all — it marks the recording of information. Use this sense when the focus is on writing or noting something permanently.
常見錯誤
❌ 'I wrote down the numbers but I lost the paper.' ('write down' is correct; this sentence is fine.)
7. marks a place as lying at a noticeable distance from your current position or fr
遠方；遠處
強調地點距離說話者很遠
marks a place as lying at a noticeable distance from your current position or from a central point in a region; is commonly used with prepositions like 'to', 'in', or 'at'.
Owen went down to the village to buy groceries for the week.
Owen 下山到村裡去買一週的雜貨。
down + to + [place] for a distant location
The old farmhouse sits down near the river, about five miles from town.
那間老農舍坐落在河邊，距離小鎮約五英里。
down + near + [landmark] for distance from centre
Wei drove down to the market early on Saturday morning.
魏偉星期六早上開車到遠處的市場去。
Diya lives down in the valley where the air is much warmer.
Diya 住在山谷裡，那裡的空氣暖和得多。
Jabari walked three miles down to fetch drinking water from the well.
Jabari 走了三英里到遠處的水井去打飲用水。
- up
indicates movement toward a central, northern, or higher location
文法句型
down + at/in/to + [place]
down + preposition + [noun phrase]
用法筆記
Often paired with a second preposition (to, in, at, near) to specify the direction or location. The central reference point is usually the speaker's current position or the main city in a region.
常見錯誤
8. towards the south, or to a place that is located in a southern part of a country
向南
朝南方移動或位於南方
towards the south, or to a place that is located in a southern part of a country or region.
Every winter the birds fly down to warmer countries in the south.
每年冬天，鳥兒都飛往南方較溫暖的國家。
down + to + [southern place] for southward movement
Eleni moved down to Florida after retiring from her job in Chicago.
Eleni 從芝加哥退休後就搬到南方的佛羅里達州。
The train travels down from Taipei to Kaohsiung twice a day.
這班火車每天從臺北向南行駛到高雄兩次。
Sirin looked at the map and saw that the coast lay further down.
Sirin 看著地圖，發現海岸線還在更南邊。
- southwards
more formal and restricted to literal compass-direction movement
- up
indicates northward movement in the same geographical frame
文法句型
down + to + [southern place]
down + in + [southern region]
用法筆記
Common in geographical contexts where a country's map is conventionally oriented with north at the top. 'Down south' is a fixed phrase in this sense.
9. moving through time from earlier generations to later ones, so that objects, sto
傳承
從長輩傳給晚輩或從過去流傳下來
moving through time from earlier generations to later ones, so that objects, stories, customs, or knowledge are still present many years after they first appeared.
This watch was handed down from Adina's great-grandfather in 1920.
這只手錶是從 Adina 的曾祖父在1920年傳下來的。
hand + down + from [older person] — transmission across generations
The recipe for the cake has been passed down through four generations.
這個蛋糕的食譜已經傳了四代。
Many folk songs from that era have come down to us today.
那個時代的許多民謠流傳到了今天。
Stories about the village are passed down from parents to their children.
關於這個村莊的故事由父母傳給孩子。
- bequeathed
more formal and legal, used in wills and official documents
文法句型
hand/pass + down + to + [person]
pass + down + through + [generations]
come + down + to + [present time]
用法筆記
Frequently used with the verbs 'hand', 'pass', and 'come'. The object being transmitted is typically something of cultural, sentimental, or practical value — a tradition, a skill, an heirloom, or a story.
常見錯誤
10. into your stomach, especially when referring to eating, drinking, or successfull
下肚
進入或停留在胃裡
into your stomach, especially when referring to eating, drinking, or successfully keeping food or medicine in the body without vomiting.
Hamza was so nervous he could not keep his breakfast down.
Hamza 緊張得連早餐都無法留在胃裡。
keep + [food] + down — hold food in stomach without vomiting
After the long hike, Joaquín managed to get a whole sandwich down.
長途健行之後，Joaquín 設法把整個三明治吃下去。
The medicine went down easily when mixed with orange juice.
這藥和柳橙汁一起喝下去時很容易吞嚥。
Beatrix felt the cold water go down and settle in her stomach.
Beatrix 感覺到冷水流入胃裡。
- up
as in 'bring up' or 'throw up', meaning to vomit
文法句型
get + [food/drink] + down
keep + [food] + down
go + down
用法筆記
The verb 'keep down' in this sense is the negation of vomiting. 'Get down' focuses on the effort of swallowing. 'Go down' simply describes the act of being swallowed.
常見錯誤
11. at the moment of purchasing something, referring to the part of the total price
付訂金
購買時支付頭期款或訂金
at the moment of purchasing something, referring to the part of the total price that you pay immediately, with the rest to be paid later in instalments.
Owen put two hundred dollars down on the new leather sofa.
Owen 為那張新皮沙發付了兩百美元訂金。
put + [amount] + down + on + [item] — initial instalment
Stephanie paid ten percent down and agreed to pay the rest later.
Stephanie 付了百分之十的頭期款，並同意之後付清餘款。
pay + [percentage] + down
The car cost twelve thousand dollars with three thousand paid down.
這輛車售價一萬兩千美元，已先付三千美元訂金。
Heloísa placed a deposit down to reserve the wedding venue.
Heloísa 付了訂金以保留婚禮場地。
文法句型
pay/put + [amount] + down + on + [item]
[amount] + down
put + [amount] + down
用法筆記
The amount typically appears between the verb and 'down' (e.g. 'put $500 down'). In informal speech, the amount can follow 'down' in a reduced structure: '$500 down'.
常見錯誤
12. into a condition or state where something is less active, less noticeable, not o
停止活動
進入較不活躍或不運作的狀態
into a condition or state where something is less active, less noticeable, not operating, or no longer a cause of excitement or concern.
The factory was shut down after the safety inspection failed.
那間工廠在安全检查不合格後被關閉了。
shut + down — cease operation permanently or temporarily
The children finally quieted down when the storyteller began.
孩子們在說故事的人開始講時終於安靜下來。
Wei calmed down after taking a few deep and slow breaths.
魏偉做了幾次深長的呼吸後平靜了下來。
The computer system went down during the storm and took two hours to restart.
電腦系統在那場暴風雨期間當機了，花了兩個小時才重新啟動。
- up
as in 'heat up', 'stir up', 'wake up' — opposite direction of increased activity
文法句型
[verb] + down
calm/quiet/settle + down
shut/go + down
用法筆記
Pairs with a wide range of verbs to express reduction in activity: 'quiet down' (become less noisy), 'calm down' (become less emotional), 'shut down' (stop operating), 'go down' (stop functioning). Each verb has a specific subject — people can calm/quiet down, machines and systems can go/shut down.
常見錯誤
downed — 地名
1. An administrative area in the southeastern corner of Northern Ireland that lies
唐區
北愛爾蘭東南部的行政區
An administrative area in the southeastern corner of Northern Ireland that lies along the coast of the Irish Sea, covering about 250 square miles (650 square kilometres). This local government district was created in 1974.
The district of Down lies between Belfast and the border with the Republic of Ireland.
唐區位於貝爾法斯特與愛爾蘭共和國邊境之間。
Many visitors to Down enjoy walking along the shores of Strangford Lough.
許多造訪唐區的遊客喜歡沿著斯特蘭福德湖岸散步。
geographical name: Down / Down district
The population of Down district was recorded as nearly seventy thousand people.
唐區的人口紀錄顯示將近七萬人。
Farming and tourism are both important industries across Down district.
農業與觀光業都是唐區的重要產業。
用法筆記
This administrative district should not be confused with the larger traditional County Down, which covers a wider area and includes cities such as Belfast.
2. A historic county in the southeast of Northern Ireland, one of the six counties
歷史上的唐郡
北愛爾蘭東南部的歷史郡
A historic county in the southeast of Northern Ireland, one of the six counties that make up the region. County Down stretches from the shores of Belfast Lough in the north to Carlingford Lough in the south, and is known for the Mourne Mountains and its coastal scenery.
The Mourne Mountains in County Down are a popular destination for hikers and climbers.
唐郡的莫恩山脈是登山客與攀岩者的熱門去處。
County Down is sometimes called the 'land of song' because of its musical traditions.
唐郡因其音樂傳統而有「歌之鄉」之稱。
County Down: historic county in NI
Parts of County Down were an important centre of the Irish linen industry in the 1800s.
唐郡的部分地區在十九世紀曾是愛爾蘭亞麻產業的重要中心。
The southern coast of County Down has beautiful sandy beaches facing the Irish Sea.
唐郡南岸擁有美麗沙灘，面向愛爾蘭海。
用法筆記
County Down is a traditional or historic county and does not have its own modern government. Local government services are provided by several district councils including Down District Council.
downed — 介系詞
1. Used to describe movement from a higher position to a lower one, or movement alo
向下；沿
從高處往下，或沿路前進
Used to describe movement from a higher position to a lower one, or movement along the length of a path, road, river, hallway, or similar line.
Aarav carefully walked down the steep stairs holding the banister.
Aarav 扶著欄杆小心地走下陡峭的階梯。
down + noun phrase indicating a path (stairs)
The bakery is just down the road from the library, on the left.
那間麵包店就在圖書館沿路過去一點，左手邊。
location sense: be down the road / street
Tomás threw the paper airplane down the hallway and watched it land.
Tomás 將紙飛機丟向走廊另一頭，看著它落地。
Tears rolled down Zuri's cheeks as she listened to the speech.
Zuri 聽著那場演講，淚水順著臉頰滑落。
The children ran down the hill towards the waiting school bus.
孩子們跑下山坡，朝著正在等候的校車前進。
- up
the opposite direction — towards a higher position
文法句型
down + noun phrase (place / path / surface)
用法筆記
When 'down' means 'along' (e.g., 'walk down the street'), the path does not have to slope downward — the street may be completely flat. Only the 'down the hill' type examples involve actual height change. In British English, 'down' can also mean 'to' or 'at' a place: 'go down the pub', 'down the shops'.