fertilise
fertilise — 動詞
- fertilisepresent simple I / you / we / they
- fertilises3rd person singular
- fertilising-ing form
- fertilisedpast simple
1. to add natural or chemical nutrients to soil or land so that plants will grow be
施肥；使受精
加入養分或讓卵細胞發育
to add natural or chemical nutrients to soil or land so that plants will grow better; or, in biology, to cause a female egg or ovule to begin forming a new living thing after a male cell such as sperm or pollen joins with it.
Karim fertilises his vegetable patch every autumn with homemade compost to keep the soil rich.
Karim 每年秋天用自製堆肥為菜園施肥，讓土壤保持肥沃。
transitive: fertilise + noun phrase (land/soil)
In flowering plants, pollen grains must reach the stigma before they can fertilise the ovules.
在有花植物中，花粉粒必須到達柱頭，才能讓胚珠受精。
biological use: fertilise + ovules/eggs
Renata fertilises her houseplants once a month during the growing season to keep them thriving.
Renata 在生長季節每個月為她的室內植物施肥一次，讓它們長得茂盛。
The vet explained how a single sperm cell fertilises the egg during natural mating in dogs.
獸醫解釋了在狗狗自然交配中，一個精子如何讓卵子受精。
passive → active: fertilises the egg (transitive)
- fertilise the soil
- fertilise the land
- fertilise an egg
- fertilise a flower
- fertilise crops
- fertilise naturally
- fertilise artificially
- enrich
used about soil; sounds more general and less technical
- nourish
focuses on feeding rather than adding specific fertiliser
- impregnate
formal biological term for fertilising an egg; less common in everyday use
文法句型
fertilise + noun phrase
be fertilised by + noun phrase
用法筆記
When talking about soil or land, the object is typically a noun such as soil, land, garden, or field. When talking about biology, common objects are egg, ovule, or flower. This sense is frequently used in the passive — e.g. The egg was fertilised shortly after ovulation.
常見錯誤
fertilise — 名詞
1. the process by which soil, land, or a biological system naturally becomes able t
肥沃化
泛指達成肥沃的過程（不限方法）
the process by which soil, land, or a biological system naturally becomes able to produce more plants or new living things, without specifying the method.
The fertilisation of the desert soil took years of careful irrigation and composting.
沙漠土壤的肥沃化耗費了多年的細心灌溉和堆肥。
uncountable: the fertilisation of + noun phrase
Scientists studied the natural fertilisation of the island after the volcanic eruption brought fresh minerals.
科學家研究了火山爆發帶來新鮮礦物質後島嶼的自然肥沃化過程。
The fertilisation of abandoned farmland was the first step toward restoring the local ecosystem.
廢棄農田的肥沃化是恢復當地生態系統的第一步。
For centuries, farmers have achieved the fertilisation of crop fields simply by spreading animal manure.
數世紀以來，農民僅靠撒播動物糞肥就實現了農田的肥沃化。
passive framing: fertilisation of + noun achieved by + method
- soil fertilisation
- land fertilisation
- natural fertilisation
- artificial fertilisation
- fertilisation process
- enrichment
more general; works for soil but not for biological reproduction
- nourishment
focuses on feeding rather than enabling reproduction
文法句型
the fertilisation of + noun phrase
用法筆記
This is the broadest noun sense, describing the general process of becoming fertile without focusing on the specific method. For the physical act of applying fertiliser to soil, see sense 2 (APPLICATION OF FERTILISER). For the biological union of sex cells, see sense 3 (BIOLOGICAL UNION OF GAMETES).
2. the act of adding a substance such as manure, compost, or chemical nutrients to
施肥料
在土壤中添加養分
the act of adding a substance such as manure, compost, or chemical nutrients to soil in order to help plants grow more strongly.
Farmers schedule fertilisation just before the rainy season so nutrients soak into the ground.
農民們安排在雨季前施肥，讓養分滲入土壤中。
collocation: schedule fertilisation / time fertilisation
Over-fertilisation of lawns can pollute nearby streams when rain washes the chemicals away.
草坪過度施肥會在雨水沖刷化學物質時汙染附近的溪流。
compound: over-fertilisation
Élise bought a liquid fertiliser and finished the fertilisation of her tomato plants in twenty minutes.
Élise 買了液態肥料，在二十分鐘內就完成了番茄植株的施肥工作。
Proper fertilisation of rice paddies can double the harvest without damaging the natural environment.
稻田的適當施肥可以使收成翻倍，同時不破壞自然環境。
collocation: proper fertilisation of [crop]
- chemical fertilisation
- organic fertilisation
- spring fertilisation
- soil fertilisation
- crop fertilisation
- fertilisation schedule
文法句型
fertilisation with + noun phrase
fertilisation of + noun phrase
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (PROCESS OF MAKING FERTILE): this sense specifically names the physical act of spreading or applying fertiliser to soil, whereas sense 1 is the broader result or process. Distinguish from sense 3 (BIOLOGICAL FERTILISATION): this sense is about soil and plant nutrition, not about egg or ovule development.
常見錯誤
3. the process in which a male sex cell (sperm or pollen) and a female sex cell (eg
受精；受粉
雄性與雌性生殖細胞結合
the process in which a male sex cell (sperm or pollen) and a female sex cell (egg or ovule) fuse together, causing a new living thing such as a plant, animal, or human to begin forming.
In humans, fertilisation usually takes place in the fallopian tube within hours of ovulation.
人類的受精通常發生在輸卵管內，在排卵後數小時內完成。
collocation: fertilisation takes place / occurs
After fertilisation, the single-celled zygote begins to divide and travel towards the uterus.
受精之後，單細胞的受精卵開始分裂並朝子宮移動。
after fertilisation + outcome (zygote develops)
Anjali learned in biology class that fertilisation in frogs happens outside the female's body.
Anjali 在生物課上學到，青蛙的受精發生在雌性體外。
In many flowering plants, fertilisation occurs after a pollen tube grows down the style to reach the ovule.
在許多開花植物中，受精發生在花粉管沿花柱生長到達胚珠之後。
biological context: fertilisation occurs after + step
- in-vitro fertilisation
- human fertilisation
- external fertilisation
- internal fertilisation
- cross-fertilisation
- self-fertilisation
- fertilisation rate
- fertilisation process
- conception
specifically refers to the moment a human or animal egg is fertilised; more common in everyday and medical contexts
- fecundation
highly formal and technical synonym; very rare outside specialised biology texts
- pollination
only for plants; refers to the transfer of pollen, which is a step before fertilisation in flowering plants
文法句型
fertilisation of + noun phrase
fertilisation by + noun phrase
fertilisation takes place / occurs
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2 (APPLICATION OF FERTILISER): this sense is purely biological and involves sex cells, not soil nutrients. In botany, the term also covers pollination followed by the fusion of pollen with ovules. Frequently used in compound nouns such as in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) and self-fertilisation.
常見錯誤
同根字
- fertile形容詞B2
- fertility名詞B2
- fertilisation名詞B2
- fertiliser名詞B2
- infertile形容詞C1
- infertility名詞C1
常見搭配
常用片語
- in-vitro fertilisation
- the fertilisation process
- fertilisation rate
- cross-fertilisation
- self-fertilisation