immunisation

IPA/ˌɪmjuːnaɪzˈeɪʃən/
IPA/ˌɪmjuːnəzˈeɪʃən/

immunisation — 名詞

1. a medical procedure that protects a person or an animal from a particular infect

1.名詞B2
釋義

免疫接種

注射疫苗使身體產生抗體

a medical procedure that protects a person or an animal from a particular infectious disease, usually by putting a vaccine into the body so that it produces antibodies that fight the disease

例句

Before her trip to West Africa, Imani got a yellow fever immunisation at the clinic.

去西非之前，Imani 在診所接種了黃熱病疫苗。

immunisation against [disease]: yellow fever immunisation

The school nurse checked each child's immunisation record before the start of term.

護士在學期開始前檢查了每個孩子的疫苗接種記錄。

collocation: immunisation record

常見搭配
  • immunisation against
  • immunisation programme
  • immunisation campaign
  • childhood immunisation
  • routine immunisation
同義詞
  • vaccination

    more specific — refers to receiving a vaccine, whereas immunisation also covers the body's immune response

  • inoculation

    more formal or technical; often used historically for the smallpox vaccine

文法句型

immunisation against [disease]

immunisation programme / campaign / schedule

用法筆記

In British English this word is spelled with an 's' (immunisation), while in American English it is spelled with a 'z' (immunization). The verb 'immunise' follows the same pattern. This sense is the primary meaning; for legal or metaphorical protection, the word 'immunity' is more common.

常見錯誤

The doctor gave me an immunisation against flu.
The doctor gave me an immunisation against the flu.
Disease names typically require a definite article in this construction.

2. official protection from being affected by a law, a legal duty, or an unwanted s

2.名詞C1
釋義

豁免

免除法律責任或義務

official protection from being affected by a law, a legal duty, or an unwanted situation, especially in a formal context

例句

The charity claimed immunisation from local business rates because of its non-profit status.

該慈善機構因其非營利性質而聲明免繳地方營業稅。

A contract clause granted the builder immunisation against liability for weather-related delays.

合約中有一條款免除承包商因天氣延誤的賠償責任。

formal register: immunisation from / against [obligation]

常見搭配
  • immunisation from
  • immunisation against
同義詞
  • immunity

    the standard term for legal or official protection, far more common than 'immunisation' in this sense

  • exemption

    focuses on being free from an obligation rather than from legal liability

文法句型

immunisation from [obligation / liability]

用法筆記

This sense is much rarer than the medical sense. In most legal contexts the word 'immunity' is preferred over 'immunisation'.

同根字

常見搭配

名詞搭配

常用片語

  • course of immunisation
  • childhood immunisation
  • routine immunisation
  • mass immunisation

介系詞搭配