liege
/liːdʒ/ (bre, ipa) · [lˈidʒ] /liːdʒ/ (ame, ipa) · [lˈidʒ] /ˈlēj/ (ame, mw)
liege — 名詞
- liegesingular
- liegesplural
1. the feudal superior — a king or high-ranking noble — who receives loyalty and mi
領主
封建貴族統治者
the feudal superior — a king or high-ranking noble — who receives loyalty and military support from those living on the land under their control
When the castle came under attack, Lord Warwick sent a messenger to inform his liege.
城堡遭到攻擊時，Warwick 伯爵派人通知他的領主。
possessive determiner + liege for one's lord
At Dover Castle, fifteen knights swore a sacred oath of loyalty to the Earl of Kent as their liege.
在 Dover 城堡，十五位騎士向 Kent 伯爵宣誓效忠，認其為領主。
Baron Montfort reminded the villagers that King Henry was their liege and protector against the northern raiders.
Montfort 男爵提醒村民，Henry 國王是他們的領主和保護者，抵禦北方來犯者。
Lord Edmund, as their liege, provided food and firewood for his followers during the harsh winter of 1347.
Edmund 領主作為他們的領主，在 1347 年的嚴冬中為追隨者提供食物和柴火。
The queen, as their liege, expected each noble family to send soldiers to the border.
女王作為他們的領主，要求每個貴族家族派遣士兵到邊境。
- vassal
the person who owes service, not the one who receives it
文法句型
possessive determiner + liege
用法筆記
Almost always used with a possessive modifier (my liege, his liege, their liege). In modern English, 'my liege' appears mainly in fantasy fiction, historical novels, and films set in medieval times.
常見錯誤
2. a person who pledges loyalty and military aid to a noble landowner within a feud
封臣
效忠領主的附庸
a person who pledges loyalty and military aid to a noble landowner within a feudal system, gaining protection and land-use rights in return
Each liege of the baron had to supply at least ten soldiers for the royal army.
男爵的每位封臣都必須為皇家軍隊提供至少十名士兵。
liege of [lord] — vassal belonging to a lord
Baron Werner, the duke's most trusted liege, managed the estates around Cologne for twelve years.
Werner 男爵是公爵最信任的封臣，管理科隆周邊的莊園長達十二年。
When a liege failed to deliver the yearly harvest tax, the lord sent armed men to collect it.
當封臣未能繳納每年的收成稅時，領主便派武裝人員前去徵收。
Sir Henry proved himself a loyal liege by defending Ravensworth Castle against the Scottish invasion of 1346.
Henry 爵士以忠誠封臣的身分，在 1346 年蘇格蘭入侵時保衛 Ravensworth 城堡。
The treaty required every liege to publicly swear allegiance to the new monarch at the cathedral.
條約要求每位封臣在大教堂公開向新君主宣誓效忠。
- lord
the person who grants land and receives service
文法句型
liege of + noun
用法筆記
This sense (vassal) is less common than sense 1 (lord). Context usually clarifies which meaning is intended: if the liege serves someone else, it means vassal; if others serve the liege, it means lord.
常見錯誤
liege — 形容詞
- liegepositive
- liegercomparative
- liegestsuperlative
1. describing a lord or ruler who has the legal right to demand loyalty and militar
領主的
有權受封臣效忠的
describing a lord or ruler who has the legal right to demand loyalty and military service from people living on the land under their control
The liege lord held authority over every village and farm in the valley.
領主對山谷中的每個村莊和農場都擁有管轄權。
standard collocation: liege lord
As the liege ruler of the region, Count Baldwin could demand taxes and soldiers from his barons.
身為當地的領主統治者，Baldwin 伯爵有權向男爵們徵稅和調兵。
In the Kingdom of France, only the liege sovereign could grant the title of count to a loyal baron.
在法蘭西王國，只有領主君主有權將伯爵頭銜授予忠誠的男爵。
The peasants paid their annual rent directly to their liege superior, not to the distant king.
農民每年直接向他們的領主上級繳納地租，而不是給遠方的國王。
King Alfonso, as liege monarch, was expected to protect his subjects in Castile from Moorish raids.
Alfonso 國王身為領主君主，有責任保護 Castile 的臣民免受摩爾人的侵襲。
- feudal
broader term describing the system rather than the specific right
- seignorial
more technical term relating to the power of a feudal lord
文法句型
liege + noun
用法筆記
Nearly always appears before a noun such as 'lord', 'ruler', 'sovereign', 'monarch', or 'superior'. The adjective does not have comparative or superlative forms.
2. describing a person who is legally bound to give loyalty and military service to
臣屬的
有義務效忠領主的
describing a person who is legally bound to give loyalty and military service to a feudal lord
The baron's liege men gathered in the courtyard at dawn to begin the march north.
男爵的臣屬們拂曉時分在庭院集合，準備向北行軍。
standard collocation: liege men
Every liege vassal in the kingdom was required to attend the royal court once a year.
王國中的每位臣屬封臣每年都必須出席一次王室法庭。
Sir Godfrey had been a liege subject of the Duke of Burgundy for twenty-two years before the war.
Godfrey 爵士在戰爭前已擔任勃艮第公爵的臣屬二十二年。
The liege knight presented himself before the wooden throne of Lord Castellan and knelt to receive his marching orders.
這位臣屬騎士來到 Castellan 領主的木製王座前，跪下聽取行軍命令。
A liege soldier could not refuse his master's call to war without being branded a traitor.
臣屬士兵若拒絕主人的徵召參戰，就會被視為叛徒。
- sovereign
describes the ruler, not the one who serves
文法句型
liege + noun
用法筆記
Distinguish from adjective sense 1: sense 1 describes the lord who receives service (liege lord), while this sense describes the vassal who owes service (liege man, liege vassal). The noun that follows determines the meaning.
3. showing steady loyalty and devotion to a person, group, or cause; remaining true
忠誠的
忠實可靠的
showing steady loyalty and devotion to a person, group, or cause; remaining true and dependable
The old butler remained liege to the Montague family after they lost their London townhouse and fled to the countryside.
老管家在 Montague 家族失去倫敦宅邸、逃往鄉間後，仍然對他們忠誠不渝。
remain liege to — predicative use with 'to'
Chen's liege devotion to the school-building project never wavered through thirty years of official opposition and funding cuts.
Chen 對建校計畫的忠誠奉獻，在三十年的官方反對與經費削減中從未動搖。
attributive: liege devotion
Sir Gawain praised his liege followers for refusing to abandon the wounded knight on the battlefield.
Gawain 爵士讚揚他忠誠的追隨者們，因為他們拒絕在戰場上拋棄受傷的騎士。
Dahlia proved a liege friend to the exiled poet, writing to him every week for ten years.
Dahlia 是那位流亡詩人的忠誠友人，十年來每週寫信給他。
In the Arthurian tale, Gawain's liege follower saves his master during the Green Knight's challenge and refuses any reward.
在亞瑟王傳說中，Gawain 的忠誠追隨者在綠騎士挑戰中救了主人，且拒絕任何報酬。
- disloyal
the direct opposite
- treacherous
stronger negative term suggesting betrayal
文法句型
liege to + noun
remain liege
用法筆記
This sense is archaic in modern English, appearing mostly in literary or poetic contexts. The synonymous words 'loyal' or 'faithful' are more natural in everyday speech. When used predicatively (remain liege to), it sounds deliberately old-fashioned.