lumping
[lˈʌmpɪŋ] /ˈləmp How to pronounce lump (audio)/ (ame, mw)
lumping — 動詞
- lumpingpresent simple I / you / we / they
- lumpings3rd person singular
- lumpinging-ing form
- lumpingedpast simple
1. treating several different people, things, or ideas as if they were one kind, of
混為一談
不分差異地把不同對象歸為一類
treating several different people, things, or ideas as if they were one kind, often without paying attention to important differences between them
Christopher complained that journalists keep lumping all teenagers together as lazy and rude.
Christopher 抱怨記者老是把所有青少年一概而論，當作懶惰又沒禮貌。
pattern: lump + plural object + together
Talia warned the new manager against lumping junior staff with interns when handing out training budgets.
Talia 提醒新任主管，編列訓練預算時不要把資淺員工和實習生混為一談。
pattern: lump + group A + with + group B
The survey lumps every income above forty thousand pounds into a single bracket called 'high earners'.
這份調查把所有四萬英鎊以上的收入都歸成一類，統稱為「高收入族群」。
Don't lump my grandmother with the other patients on the ward; her condition is very different.
別把我外婆和病房裡其他病患混為一談，她的狀況非常不一樣。
History textbooks often lump several small wars together as one long conflict.
歷史課本常把幾場小規模的戰爭混為一談，當成一場長期衝突。
- distinguish
keep things mentally separate based on real differences
- separate
physically or logically split into groups
文法句型
lump + object + together
lump + object + with + other_group
lump + object + into + category
用法筆記
Frequently carries a negative tone: the speaker objects to the grouping because important distinctions are being ignored. Common subjects are media, surveys, classifications, or critics.
常見錯誤
2. becoming, or making something become, a soft mass with small thick pieces inside
結塊；起塊
液體或粉狀物結成小團，無法保持滑順
becoming, or making something become, a soft mass with small thick pieces inside instead of staying smooth
If you add cold milk too fast, the flour will start lumping at the bottom of the pan.
如果你太快倒入冷牛奶，麵粉就會在鍋底開始結成顆粒。
intransitive: subject + lumps
Kofi whisked the gravy hard so it would not finish lumping while the meat rested.
Kofi 用力打勻肉汁，免得在肉靜置時整鍋結塊。
continuous form for a slow change
The cocoa powder kept lumping up in the cold water, so Eve switched to warm milk.
可可粉在冷水裡一直結成小塊，於是 Eve 改用溫牛奶。
Rin's protein shake kept lumping no matter how long the blender ran.
Rin 的乳清飲品不論果汁機打多久，總還是會結塊。
- smooth
as a verb: make a mixture even with no thick bits
文法句型
lump + object
object + lumps + (up)
用法筆記
Often appears as a present-continuous warning about cooking, mixing, or baking failures. Distinguish from sense 1 (grouping different things) — here the subject is one substance, not a set of items.
3. moving with heavy, loud, awkward steps, as if dragging the feet, so that other p
笨重地走動
腳步沉重又吵雜地拖著步伐前進
moving with heavy, loud, awkward steps, as if dragging the feet, so that other people in the room can hear it
Niran's older brother kept lumping around the kitchen at six in the morning, waking the whole flat.
Niran 的哥哥早上六點就在廚房裡笨重地走來走去，把整層公寓的人都吵醒了。
lump + around + location
Anthony heard his neighbour lumping down the wooden stairs in heavy work boots.
Anthony 聽見鄰居穿著沉重的工作靴，在木造樓梯上一路笨重地走下去。
lump + down + stairs path
Stop lumping through my study; I'm trying to record a podcast.
不要再在我的書房裡笨重地走來走去了，我正在錄製 podcast。
Elena could hear the cattle lumping across the wet field at first light.
天剛亮，Elena 就聽見牛群在濕透的田裡笨重地走過。
- tiptoeing
moving quietly on the front of the feet
文法句型
lump + adverb of place
subject + lumps + around / down / through
用法筆記
Mostly American English and somewhat dated. Subject is typically a person, animal, or large group whose footsteps annoy or surprise a listener. Distinguish from sense 2 (forming lumps) — here lumping describes movement, not texture.
4. accepting something unpleasant because there is no real way to change it; used a
勉強忍受
因無法改變而被迫接受不愉快的事情
accepting something unpleasant because there is no real way to change it; used almost only in the fixed phrase 'like it or lump it'
Léa told her flatmates they could like it or lump it: the rent was going up on Monday.
Léa 告訴室友們，喜不喜歡都得接受：房租週一就要調漲。
fixed phrase: like it or lump it
The new school uniform is ugly, but the parents will have to lump it for another year.
新校服很醜，但家長還得再勉強忍受一年。
lump + it (forced acceptance)
Amani knew the early shift would be hard, so she decided to lump it and bring extra coffee.
Amani 知道早班會很辛苦，所以決定硬吞下這件事，多帶一些咖啡。
If you don't like the seat the airline gave you, you lump it; there is no refund.
如果你不滿意航空公司安排的座位，就只能勉強接受，因為不會退款。
- tolerate
neutral and formal; accept without complaining
- endure
stronger; usually for a hardship that lasts a long time
- put up with
everyday informal equivalent in any English variety
- reject
refuse to accept the situation
文法句型
like it or lump it
lump + it
用法筆記
Only sense that takes the pronoun 'it' as object. Most natural inside the set phrase 'like it or lump it', which means 'accept it whether you enjoy it or not'. Outside that frame the verb sounds very old-fashioned.
常見錯誤
lumping — 名詞
1. a soft chunk of something with no clear shape, such as cooked food, clay, or mod
小團塊
一坨沒有固定形狀的軟質東西
a soft chunk of something with no clear shape, such as cooked food, clay, or modelling material
Rafael dropped a small lumping of butter into the hot pan before adding the eggs.
Rafael 在熱鍋裡丟入一小團奶油後，才放入雞蛋。
a lumping of + food noun
The child squashed her lumping of red clay flat with both hands.
那個孩子用雙手把她那一團紅色黏土壓平。
named lumping of craft material
Shanti found a lumping of cold porridge stuck to the inside of the pot.
Shanti 在鍋子內側發現一團冷掉的粥黏在上面。
Kian rolled a lumping of dough between his palms before flattening it for the oven.
Kian 把一小團麵團在掌心裡搓圓，再壓扁準備送進烤箱。
文法句型
a lumping of + uncountable noun
用法筆記
Subject or object is usually a soft food or modelling material. Distinguish from sense 2 (an unwell swelling) by what the lumping is made of — cooking ingredients or clay here, body tissue there.
2. a bump that grows on or inside the body, which doctors check because it can some
腫塊；硬塊
出現在身體上或內部的鼓起部分
a bump that grows on or inside the body, which doctors check because it can sometimes be a sign of illness
Kasia booked an appointment after she found a small lumping under her left arm.
Kasia 在左腋下摸到一個小腫塊後，就去掛了號。
a lumping under + body part
The doctor said the lumping on Adaeze's neck was harmless but should still be watched.
醫生說 Adaeze 脖子上的硬塊沒什麼問題，但還是要持續觀察。
a lumping on + body part
Tamás first noticed the lumping in his throat while drinking cold water.
Tamás 是在喝冰水時第一次感覺到喉嚨裡的硬塊。
Most lumpings in the breast turn out to be harmless tissue rather than serious illness.
胸部裡的腫塊大多數其實只是良性組織，而不是嚴重疾病。
文法句型
a lumping on / under + body part
a lumping in + body part
用法筆記
Almost always used with a preposition naming a body part. Distinguish from sense 1 (soft kitchen mass) — the medical sense always sits on or inside the body, never on a plate.
常見錯誤
3. a single total number you get by adding up many separate amounts, used most ofte
總額；加總
把所有項目併計後的單一總數
a single total number you get by adding up many separate amounts, used most often in money reports or statistics
Xiu's report gave the lumping of all donations in one column at the top of the page.
Xiu 的報告把所有捐款的總額單獨列在頁面最上方一欄。
the lumping of + countable plural
The accountant asked for the lumping of last year's repairs, parts, and labour as a single line.
會計師要求把去年的維修、零件和人工費用全部加總列成一行。
lumping of + cost categories
Looking at the lumping of votes from every district, the opposition party still came second.
把各區的票數全部加總起來看，反對黨還是只拿到第二名。
The committee preferred to see the lumping of expenses, not a breakdown by team.
委員會希望看到開銷的總額，而不是各組分開的明細。
- breakdown
the same data shown split into separate parts
文法句型
the lumping of + plural noun
用法筆記
Subject is usually an institution, report, or accountant. Distinguish from sense 1 (kitchen blob) — here the lumping is an abstract total, not a physical object.
4. the largest share of something, leaving only a small amount for everything else
絕大部分
整體中最大的一份，僅留下少量
the largest share of something, leaving only a small amount for everything else
Yuna noticed that the lumping of her salary still went on rent every month.
Yuna 發現自己每個月薪水的絕大部分還是花在房租上。
the lumping of + income
The lumping of voters in this town support the same local party year after year.
鎮上大部分的選民年年都把票投給同一個地方政黨。
the lumping of + people as voters
By midnight, the lumping of the wedding cake had already disappeared from the table.
到了午夜，婚禮蛋糕的絕大部分已經從桌上消失了。
Half the office took the day off, but the lumping of staff came in as usual.
辦公室一半的人請假，但大部分員工還是照常上班。
- minority
the smaller part of a group
文法句型
the lumping of + plural / mass noun
用法筆記
Almost always introduced by 'the' and followed by 'of'. Distinguish from sense 3 (a total figure) — here we name the largest part of a whole, not the whole itself.
5. a slow, heavy person who looks awkward when they move and often seems a bit dull
笨重之人
動作笨拙、看起來有點遲鈍的人
a slow, heavy person who looks awkward when they move and often seems a bit dull-witted
His coach called him a great lumping who couldn't catch a ball if his life depended on it.
他的教練說他是個天大的笨重傢伙，連個球都接不到。
adjective + lumping (informal insult)
Don't be such a lumping at the front of the queue — step aside or order something.
別在隊伍前頭當個笨重傢伙，要嘛讓開，要嘛趕快點餐。
term of address: a lumping
Christopher's older cousin was a polite but clumsy lumping who broke two glasses at every dinner.
Christopher 的表哥是個有禮貌但動作笨重的傢伙，每次吃飯都會打破兩個杯子。
Anthony felt like a lumping in the gym next to the trained dancers.
Anthony 在健身房裡站在那些受過訓練的舞者旁邊，覺得自己像個笨重的傢伙。
文法句型
a + adjective + lumping
用法筆記
Marked informal and slightly rude. Distinguish from sense 4 (the larger share) — this sense refers to a single human, not a quantity. Usually carries a teasing or affectionate tone rather than a cruel one.
6. a series of hard hits given as punishment, especially in a fight, often leaving
一頓痛打
被打或被揍一頓作為處罰
a series of hard hits given as punishment, especially in a fight, often leaving marks or bruises on the body
Léa's brother came home with a lumping after the fight outside the pub.
Léa 的弟弟在酒吧外打完架後，挨了一頓痛打才回家。
get + a lumping (be beaten)
The bouncer threatened to give the rude customer a lumping he would never forget.
保鏢威脅說要把那位無禮的客人痛打一頓，讓他永遠忘不了。
give + somebody + a lumping
Rafael said the boxer had taken a real lumping in the final round but was still standing.
Rafael 說那位拳擊手在最後一回合被狠狠痛打了一頓，但仍然站著。
Older kids in that neighbourhood used to give the smaller ones a lumping for their pocket money.
以前那一帶比較年長的孩子，會把小朋友痛打一頓，搶走他們的零用錢。
文法句型
give + somebody + a lumping
get + a lumping
用法筆記
Mostly British informal. Subject of 'give' is the attacker; subject of 'get' or 'take' is the victim. Distinguish from sense 7 (losing a game) — here the beating is physical, not just metaphorical.
7. a clear and one-sided loss in a game, match, or vote, where one side scores much
慘敗；大輸
比賽或投票中一面倒地落敗
a clear and one-sided loss in a game, match, or vote, where one side scores much higher than the other
The home team got a lumping from the visiting side, losing six goals to nothing.
主隊被客隊狠狠擊潰，六比零慘敗。
get + a lumping (in sport)
Kofi predicted his party would give the other side a lumping in the council elections.
Kofi 預測他所屬的政黨會在這次議會選舉中把對手打得慘敗。
give + a lumping (in politics)
After the lumping in the regional final, the coach asked the players to train every Saturday.
在地區決賽慘敗之後，教練要求球員每個星期六都來訓練。
Nobody expected such a lumping in the school chess tournament.
沒有人料到校內西洋棋比賽會有這樣的慘敗。
- win
as a noun: a victory, the opposite outcome
文法句型
give + somebody + a lumping
get + a lumping
用法筆記
Common in sports reporting and informal political talk. Distinguish from sense 6 (physical beating) — here the loss is a score, not bruises. The 'winner' subject takes 'give'; the loser takes 'get' or 'take'.
lumping — 形容詞
- lumpingpositive
- more lumpingcomparative
- most lumpingsuperlative
1. given as one whole quantity instead of being shared out in smaller separate part
一次給付的
整筆一次給予，而非分期分批的
given as one whole quantity instead of being shared out in smaller separate parts
Talia received the prize as a lumping payment instead of small amounts each year.
Talia 一次領取了全部獎金，而不是每年分批給付。
a lumping + payment (one-shot total)
The charity asked donors for a lumping sum to cover the whole new roof at once.
慈善機構請捐款人一次提供整筆款項，好把新屋頂一次完工。
a lumping sum (single payment)
Niran's grandmother left her savings as a lumping gift to be split later by the family.
Niran 的祖母把存款以一次給付的方式留給家人，之後再由家裡分配。
The court ordered a lumping settlement of forty thousand dollars to be paid within thirty days.
法院判決必須在三十天內一次付清四萬美元的和解金。
- instalment
as a modifier: paid in repeated smaller parts
文法句型
a lumping + uncountable noun
the lumping + sum / total
用法筆記
Used only before a noun, never after 'be'. Most natural in legal, financial, or charity writing. Almost interchangeable with 'lump sum' as a fixed phrase; outside that pattern it sounds old-fashioned.