normalisation
normalisation — 名詞
1. The process of making something fit a fixed standard, rule, or pattern, especial
標準化
使符合標準或規範的程序
The process of making something fit a fixed standard, rule, or pattern, especially in industrial production, technology, or data management.
The normalisation of temperature readings across all labs helped Eri compare results from different experiments.
所有實驗室的溫度讀數經過標準化後，Eri 便能比較不同實驗的結果。
collocation: normalisation of [measurements/readings]
Database normalisation removes repeated data and makes queries run faster.
資料庫標準化可以去除重複的資料，並讓查詢執行得更快。
European Union safety rules require the normalisation of crash testing for every new vehicle model.
歐盟安全法規要求每款新車型都必須經過碰撞測試的標準化程序。
Chemical manufacturers agreed on the normalisation of labelling symbols to prevent confusion across borders.
化學製造商同意將標籤符號標準化，以防止跨國時產生混淆。
- standardisation
more common in manufacturing contexts; 'normalisation' also implies a baseline norm, not just any standard
- harmonisation
stresses making different systems work together smoothly, whereas normalisation focuses on conformity to a single norm
用法筆記
This is the core sense of the word; it often appears in technical and industrial contexts with the object being a process, measurement, or product.
常見錯誤
2. In mathematics and statistics, the process of transforming values measured on di
歸一化
將數值調整至共同尺度的運算
In mathematics and statistics, the process of transforming values measured on different scales so that they share a common scale and can be compared fairly.
Zola applied normalisation to the exam scores so that classes could be compared fairly.
Zola 對考試分數做了歸一化處理，讓不同班級的成績可以公平比較。
verb pattern: apply normalisation to [data]
Without normalisation, the model gives too much importance to variables with larger numerical ranges.
如果沒有歸一化，模型會過度重視數值範圍較大的變數。
Lisa performed normalisation on the survey data to remove the effect of different age-group sizes.
Lisa 對問卷資料進行了歸一化，以消除不同年齡層人數差異的影響。
The normalisation step converted all pixel values to a range between zero and one.
歸一化步驟將所有像素值轉換到零到一之間的範圍。
- scaling
broader term; normalisation is a specific type of scaling that uses a norm or standard
- standardisation
in statistics, standardisation adjusts by mean and standard deviation, while normalisation adjusts to a 0-1 range
用法筆記
Often appears with 'apply', 'perform', or 'carry out'. The preposition 'to' or 'on' follows (e.g., normalisation to a common scale, normalisation on the dataset).
常見錯誤
3. The process of bringing a situation, relationship, or condition back to its usua
恢復正常
使情況回復常態的過程
The process of bringing a situation, relationship, or condition back to its usual or healthy state after a period of disruption, conflict, or difficulty.
After the earthquake, the government worked on normalisation of daily life in affected towns.
地震過後，政府致力於受災城鎮日常生活的正常化。
collocation: normalisation of daily life
The peace agreement led to a slow normalisation of trade between the two countries.
這項和平協議使兩國之間的貿易逐步恢復正常。
Padma's weekly therapy helped in the normalisation of her sleep patterns after months of insomnia.
Padma 每週的治療幫助她的睡眠模式在長達數月的失眠後恢復正常。
Tourism returned as part of a wider normalisation of economic activity after the crisis.
觀光業的復甦是危機後經濟活動整體正常化的一部分。
- restoration
broader; normalisation implies returning to a previous ordinary state, while restoration can apply to buildings or objects
- recovery
focuses on return to health; normalisation is broader, covering social and political contexts
- deterioration
normalisation improves a situation; deterioration worsens it
用法筆記
Subject is typically a government, institution, or policy. The object is a collective situation (relations, life, activity), not an individual feeling.
常見錯誤
4. The gradual social process by which something once considered extreme, unaccepta
常態化
使極端事物被視為尋常的過程
The gradual social process by which something once considered extreme, unacceptable, or taboo becomes regarded as ordinary and unremarkable within a community or society.
The documentary examined the normalisation of hateful language in online political debates.
這部紀錄片探討了仇恨言論在線上政治辯論中如何被常態化。
collocation: normalisation of [behaviour/language]
Critics warn that screen violence leads to the normalisation of aggression among young viewers.
評論人士警告，螢幕暴力會導致年輕觀眾將攻擊行為常態化。
The normalisation of remote working during the pandemic shifted how companies view home offices.
疫情期間遠距工作的常態化改變了企業對居家辦公的看法。
Noa worried about the normalisation of data collection by companies without clear user consent.
Noa 擔心民間企業在未經使用者明確同意的情況下大規模收集資料已逐漸常態化。
- mainstreaming
often used in education and inclusion contexts; normalisation has a stronger focus on societal acceptance of what was once taboo
- acceptance
implies voluntary approval; normalisation can happen gradually without conscious approval
- stigmatisation
the process of marking something as shameful or unacceptable
- marginalisation
pushing something to the edges of society instead of integrating it
用法筆記
This sense carries a critical or evaluative tone. The speaker usually views the trend as concerning or undesirable. Distinguish from sense 3 (RESTORE NORMALCY), which is neutral or positive.