outlining
outlining — 動詞
- outliningpresent simple I / you / we / they
- outlinings3rd person singular
- outlininging-ing form
- outliningedpast simple
1. to draw the outer edge or shape of something, showing its form without filling i
描繪輪廓
畫出物體外緣形狀
to draw the outer edge or shape of something, showing its form without filling in internal details.
The art teacher asked the class to begin by outlining the vase on their paper.
美術老師要求全班先在紙上描繪花瓶的輪廓。
outline + object showing what is drawn
Before adding colour, the illustrator outlined the character's face with a black pen.
在加上顏色之前，插畫家用黑筆勾勒出角色的臉部輪廓。
outline + object + 'with [tool]'
Using a light pencil, the designer outlined the shape of the building on the blueprint.
設計師用淺色鉛筆在藍圖上畫出建築物的外形。
The children outlined their hands on coloured paper to make cards for their parents.
孩子們在色紙上描下自己的手形，用來為父母製作卡片。
The architect carefully outlined the floor plan before adding any interior walls.
建築師在添加室內牆壁之前，仔細地畫出了地板平面圖的輪廓。
adverb 'carefully' with outline
- outline a shape
- outline a figure
- outline a map
- outline with a pencil
文法句型
outline + object
常見錯誤
2. to describe the most important points or features of an idea, plan, document, or
概述；綱要
簡要說明重點或要點
to describe the most important points or features of an idea, plan, document, or situation, without giving every detail.
The team leader outlined the project schedule during the morning meeting.
團隊組長在晨會上概述了專案時程。
outline + object (project schedule)
In her opening speech, the director outlined three main goals for the coming year.
主任在開幕演講中扼要說明了未來一年的三大目標。
outline + quantity (three main goals)
The professor outlined the key arguments of the theory in the very first lecture.
教授在第一堂課就概述了該理論的關鍵論點。
Before the hike, the guide outlined the safety rules that everyone needed to follow.
登山前，嚮導扼要說明了每個人必須遵守的安全規則。
outline + object + relative clause
A report last week outlined the reasons for the drop in sales across the region.
上週一份報告概述了該地區銷售額下滑的原因。
- outline a plan
- outline a proposal
- outline a policy
- outline reasons
- outline arguments
- elaborate
to add more detail, the opposite of summarising key points
文法句型
outline + object
it is outlined that + clause
常見錯誤
outlining — 名詞
1. the border around something that shows only its general shape, with no details i
輪廓；外形
物體外緣的線條形狀
the border around something that shows only its general shape, with no details inside.
The outline of the mountain was clearly visible against the evening sky.
那座山的輪廓在傍晚的天空下清晰可見。
the outline of + [noun]
The artist drew the outline of the sleeping cat in quick pencil strokes.
畫家用快速的鉛筆筆觸畫出了那隻睡貓的輪廓。
Through the thick fog, the outline of the old lighthouse slowly appeared.
穿過濃霧，舊燈塔的輪廓逐漸浮現。
Lin could only see the dark outline of the trees against the night sky.
Lin 只能看到夜色中樹木的暗黑輪廓。
The outline of a key was traced on paper so the locksmith could copy it.
鑰匙的輪廓被描在紙上，好讓鎖匠複製。
the outline of + [noun] + passive 'was traced'
- outline of a mountain
- outline of a building
- outline of a face
- dark outline
- faint outline
- silhouette
specifically a dark shape against a lighter background, often referring to the whole form rather than just the edge line
- contour
more technical; often used for maps, bodies, or three-dimensional surfaces
- profile
side view of a face or object, not the full outer edge
文法句型
the outline of + noun
用法筆記
This sense is nearly always used with 'the', 'an', or a possessive determiner, and the object whose edge is described appears in a following 'of'-phrase.
2. a short description that gives only the most important facts or ideas about a to
概要；摘要
對既有內容的重點摘要
a short description that gives only the most important facts or ideas about a topic, book, plan, or event, without smaller details.
The student wrote a short outline of the chapter before the exam.
那名學生在考試前寫了一份簡短的章節摘要。
a + adjective + outline of + [topic]
The sales director asked for a one-page outline of the proposal before the meeting.
業務總監要求在會議之前提供一份一頁的提案概要。
an outline of + [document]
The newspaper published a brief outline of the government's new education policy.
報紙刊登了政府新教育政策的重點摘要。
Reading the outline of the story helped the students understand the main characters.
閱讀故事大綱幫助學生了解主要角色。
The marketing plan outline showed how the company would enter three new markets in Asia.
這份行銷計畫的概要顯示了公司將如何進軍亞洲的三個新市場。
- outline of a chapter
- outline of a speech
- outline of a policy
- brief outline
- short outline
- rough outline
- full account
a complete, detailed report rather than a summary
文法句型
an outline of + noun
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 3 (PRELIMINARY PLAN): a 'summary' outline describes something that already exists (a book, a speech, a policy), whereas a 'preliminary plan' outline is created before the full work begins.
常見錯誤
3. a first rough version of a plan, design, or written piece that shows the main st
草案；大綱
後續會再細化的初步版本
a first rough version of a plan, design, or written piece that shows the main structure and will be developed with more detail later.
The design team submitted an outline of the new website layout to the client.
設計團隊向客戶提交了新網站版面的初步大綱。
an outline of + [project] (preliminary version)
The teacher asked for an outline of the science project before the final report.
老師要求在期末報告之前繳交科學專題的計畫大綱。
The committee approved the outline of the festival programme at the first meeting.
委員會在第一次會議上批准了嘉年華節目的大綱。
The architect presented a rough outline of the house design to the clients.
建築師向客戶展示了房屋設計的粗略構想。
rough outline of + [design]
The outline for the documentary included interviews with four experts about the topic.
這部紀錄片的大綱包括訪談四位相關主題的專家。
outline for + [creative work]
- outline of a project
- outline of an essay
- outline for a documentary
- rough outline
- preliminary outline
- submit an outline
- approve an outline
文法句型
an outline of + noun
an outline for + noun
用法筆記
Unlike sense 2 (SUMMARY), this sense refers to work that is still in progress. You create a plan outline before you write the full document or build the full project.