carry-over
/ˈker-ē-ˌō-vər How to pronounce carryover (audio) ˈka-rē-/ (ame, mw)
carry-over — 慣用語
1. to take an event, task, or allowance that was meant for one period and reschedul
順延；推遲
將原定安排移往較晚的時間
to take an event, task, or allowance that was meant for one period and reschedule or save it for a later one — for example, carrying over unused holiday leave into next year, or carrying over an item on a meeting agenda to the following week.
Amina carried over five unused holiday days from last year to this summer.
Amina 把去年未用的五天假期順延到了今年夏天。
carry over + [leave/days] into a later period
The team carried over their Tuesday strategy meeting to Thursday because of the typhoon.
由於颱風來襲，團隊把週二的策略會議推遲到了週四。
Diego asked the chairperson to carry over his proposal to the next board session.
Diego 請求主席將他的提案順延至下一次董事會議。
The parish council carried over the unspent flood-relief grant of £15,000 into the next budget cycle.
教區議會將未動用的 £15,000 防洪補助金順延至下一個預算週期。
Siti's bookshop carried over its winter clearance into March, with half-price travel guides still piled in the window.
Siti 的書店將冬季清倉延續到了三月，櫥窗裡仍堆著半價旅遊指南。
- bring forward
to move a planned event to an earlier time or date
用法筆記
Common in British English for talking about holiday allowance and meeting agendas. In American English, 'roll over' is more frequent for leave and budget contexts.
常見錯誤
2. When a feeling, mood, or tension from one area of your life carries over into an
蔓延；延續
情緒或緊張關係從一處擴散至另一領域
When a feeling, mood, or tension from one area of your life carries over into another, it does not stay contained — it spreads and has a real effect there, like workplace stress showing up in your behaviour at home, or excitement from a morning success lifting your whole day.
Chioma's anger after the phone call carried over into her dinner with friends.
Chioma 通話後的怒氣蔓延到了她和朋友的晚餐聚會上。
[feeling] carried over into [different context]
The frosty silence between Mateo and his brother carried over into Sunday lunch at their grandmother's kitchen table.
Mateo 和弟弟之間的冰冷沉默延續到了週日在外婆家廚房餐桌上的午餐。
Ingrid found that her worries about the exam carried over into her weekend plans.
Ingrid 發現自己對考試的擔憂延續到了她的週末計劃中。
After the bonus was scrapped, low morale in the sales team carried over into the warehouse, doubling packing errors.
獎金取消後，銷售團隊的低落士氣蔓延到了倉庫，包裝錯誤隨之倍增。
Hiroshi's good mood from the promotion news carried over into the whole week.
Hiroshi 因升職消息帶來的好心情延續了整整一週。
- spill over
nearly a synonym; slightly more vivid with the image of liquid overflowing
- bleed into
stronger, more negative — suggests harm or unwanted mixing
- seep into
slow, gradual, often unnoticed spread of feelings or attitudes
- compartmentalise
to keep different parts of your life strictly separate
用法筆記
The subject is almost always an emotion, attitude, or interpersonal dynamic — not a physical object. Distinguish from phrasal verb sense 1 (CONTINUE INTO), which is about qualities or states simply existing across settings, not actively affecting them.
常見錯誤
carry-over — 片語動詞
- carry-overbase form
- carry-overs3rd person singular
- carry-overing-ing form
- carry-overedpast simple
1. When a quality, pattern, or way of doing things carries over from one setting to
延續；保留
特質或模式在不同情境中繼續存在
When a quality, pattern, or way of doing things carries over from one setting to another, it stays present rather than stopping at the boundary — like a design idea from an older model appearing in the new one, or a classroom rule that also applies in the playground.
The warm, friendly tone of the small clinic carried over into the new larger hospital.
小診所溫暖友善的氣氛延續到了新的較大醫院。
[quality] carried over into [new setting]
The curved glass edge and the slim aluminium frame from last year's tablet carried over into the newest model.
去年平板電腦的曲面玻璃邊框和纖薄鋁合金機身保留在了最新型號中。
The paper-lantern festival from the old riverside village carried over into life among the city tower blocks.
舊河畔村落的紙燈籠節慶延續到了城市高樓之間的生活中。
Coach Ndlovu wanted the back line's tight marking to carry over into the second half under the floodlights.
Ndlovu 教練希望後防線的緊密盯人能延續到燈光下的下半場。
Nora noticed that her son's tidy habits from school carried over into his bedroom at home.
Nora 發現兒子在學校養成的整潔習慣也延續到了家裡的臥室。
- stop at
to end at a boundary and not go further
文法句型
carry over into + [new situation]
用法筆記
Intransitive. The subject is the quality or feature that continues — you do not 'carry over something' in this sense. For the transitive counterpart (you deliberately move something to a new context), see sense 2 (REUSE ELSEWHERE).
常見錯誤
2. to take a skill, method, resource, or piece of knowledge that you gained in one
沿用；轉移
將技能或資源從一處帶到另一處使用
to take a skill, method, resource, or piece of knowledge that you gained in one situation and deliberately put it to use somewhere else — like carrying over cooking techniques you learned at home into a restaurant kitchen, or carrying over leftover materials from one project to the next.
Fatima carried over her teaching methods from primary school into the adult classes.
Fatima 將她在小學的教學方法沿用到了成人課程中。
carry over + [skill/method] into [new context]
The builder carried over leftover timber from the first house to the second project.
建築工人把第一棟房子剩餘的木料轉移到了第二個建案使用。
Kai carried over the spreadsheet skills he learned in finance to his new marketing role.
Kai 把在金融部門學到的試算表技能沿用到了新的行銷職位。
The chef carried over several sauce recipes from her previous restaurant.
這位主廚將她先前餐廳的幾份醬汁配方沿用了下來。
Anya carried over all her contacts, Wi-Fi passwords, and photo albums to the new handset.
Anya 將所有的聯絡人、Wi-Fi 密碼和相簿轉移到了新手機上。
- transfer
more formal and general; common in professional and educational language
- apply
focuses on putting something to use, not necessarily moving it between settings
- bring across
less formal; suggests physically or metaphorically moving something with you
- leave behind
to abandon or not take something when moving to a new situation
文法句型
carry over + [something]
carry [something] over
用法筆記
Always transitive — you need an object (what you are carrying over). The object can be physical (materials, goods) or abstract (skills, knowledge, data). Can be separated: 'carry the skills over'.
常見錯誤
3. to move a planned event, task, or deadline to a later date — usually because som
推遲；延期
將已安排的活動或任務延至較晚日期
to move a planned event, task, or deadline to a later date — usually because something prevented it from happening on time, or because more preparation is needed — like carrying over an agenda item to next week's meeting.
The organisers carried over three outdoor events to the following weekend because of heavy rain.
主辦單位因大雨將三場戶外活動推遲到了下一個週末。
carry over + [event] to [later date]
Amir carried over his unfinished report to Monday after the power cut on Friday.
Amir 因為週五停電，將未完成的報告推遲到了週一。
The town council voted to carry the bridge-strengthening work over to the next financial year after the summer floods.
鎮議會表決將橋樑加固工程延期至下一個財政年度，因夏季洪水導致延誤。
Zuri asked to carry over her presentation slot to the afternoon because she felt unwell.
Zuri 因為身體不適，請求將她的簡報時段推遲到下午。
The school's budget committee carried over the unspent music-department grant of £3,000 until the new term.
學校的預算委員會將未動用的 £3,000 音樂科補助金延期至新學期使用。
- bring forward
to reschedule something to an earlier date
文法句型
carry over + [event/task]
carry [event] over
用法筆記
Transitive. The object is the thing being postponed (meeting, task, budget). More formal than 'put off' and often used in administrative or business English, especially in British contexts.
常見錯誤
4. In bookkeeping or accounting, to take the final sum shown at the foot of a page
結轉；過次頁
將帳目總額移至下一欄或次頁頂端
In bookkeeping or accounting, to take the final sum shown at the foot of a page or column and place it at the head of the next one, so the record continues without interruption.
The clerk carried over the day's total from page five to the top of page six.
辦事員將第五頁的當日總額結轉至第六頁的頂端。
carry over + [total] from [page] to [next page]
Deepa forgot to carry over the subtotal, so the final balance did not match.
Deepa 忘了結轉小計，導致最終餘額對不上。
The accountant carried the running balance over to a fresh ledger at the start of the month.
會計師在月初將累計餘額結轉到新的分類帳。
The senior clerk told Priya to carry over each column total before turning to the next ledger page.
資深辦事員叮囑 Priya 在翻到下一頁分類帳之前，仔細結轉每一欄總額。
The faded ledger from the 1920s showed how the village shopkeeper carried daily totals over by hand in blue ink.
那本 1920 年代的褪色帳簿展示了鄉村店主如何用藍墨水手工結轉每日總額。
- carry forward
near-identical meaning in accounting; often used interchangeably
- post
formal accounting term for transferring entries between ledgers
- carry back
in tax accounting, to apply a current loss to a previous year's income
文法句型
carry over + [amount/total]
carry [amount] over
用法筆記
Domain-specific to accounting and bookkeeping. The object is always a number or sum. Not used in everyday conversation unless talking about accounts.
常見錯誤
carry-over — 名詞
1. the action of moving something — money, leave, a habit, a total — from one time
轉移；延續
將事物從一時期移至下一時期的行為
the action of moving something — money, leave, a habit, a total — from one time period or situation into the next, so that it continues rather than ending at the original cut-off point.
The hospital trust allows a carry-over of up to ten unused holiday days each year for its nursing staff.
醫院信託基金允許護理人員每年最多將十天未休的年假延續至下一年度。
carry-over of [leave/days]
The carry-over of the school's £25,000 surplus from last year helped fund the new science lab equipment.
學校去年 £25,000 盈餘的轉移幫助資助了新的科學實驗室設備。
carry-over of [budget/funds]
Olu was relieved that the carry-over of his engineering credits from the polytechnic went through without any modules lost.
Olu 鬆了一口氣，他從理工學院轉移過來的工程學分順利轉換，沒有遺漏任何科目。
A carry-over of bread-making traditions from the old Anatolian village shaped the community's autumn harvest festival.
來自安納托利亞舊村落的麵包製作傳統延續下來，塑造了社區的秋季豐收節慶。
- transfer
broader; works for any movement of something between places or people, not only across time
- continuation
focuses on the fact something keeps going, not the act of moving it
- cut-off
a point where something ends and does not continue into the next period
用法筆記
Often used with 'of' to specify what is being carried over (a carry-over of funds / leave / traditions). More abstract than sense 2 (which names the thing itself rather than the action).
常見錯誤
2. a thing that stays present from an earlier time — like leftover stock from the p
留存物；殘餘
從先前時期保留下來的事物
a thing that stays present from an earlier time — like leftover stock from the previous season still sitting on the shelf, or an old rule that remains in force even after the policy was revised.
The shop had several carry-overs from the autumn collection still on the racks in spring.
春天時店裡還有幾件秋季系列的留存商品掛在衣架上。
carry-over = leftover stock
That old rule about wearing hats indoors is a carry-over from the school's founding days.
那條關於室內戴帽子的舊規定是學校創校時期的殘餘。
carry-over from [earlier period]
Elena spotted three carry-overs from the 2019 edition in the updated biology textbook, including an outdated population graph.
Elena 在更新版的生物教科書中發現了三處 2019 年版的留存內容，包括一張過時的人口圖表。
A few carry-overs of Victorian architecture still stand among the modern office blocks.
幾棟維多利亞時期的留存建築仍矗立在現代辦公大樓之間。
用法筆記
Plural 'carry-overs' is common when referring to multiple leftover items. This sense names the thing itself — not the action (which is sense 1).
3. in tax law, a part of a deduction, credit, or net operating loss that was too la
稅損結轉
當年未用完、可延至未來扣抵的稅額
in tax law, a part of a deduction, credit, or net operating loss that was too large to be fully used in one year and is therefore applied to reduce the tax owed in a future year.
The bakery chain applied a carry-over of the previous year's £180,000 operating loss to cut its corporation tax bill.
該麵包連鎖店用上一年 £180,000 的營業虧損結轉來削減公司稅。
carry-over of [loss] reduces tax
Talia's accountant explained that the unused charitable deduction could be taken as a carry-over.
Talia 的會計師解釋說，未使用的慈善捐贈扣除額可作為結轉項目。
[deduction] as a carry-over
The textile factory reported a tax carry-over of nearly two million ringgit on its annual filing.
該紡織廠在其年度申報中列報了近兩百萬令吉的稅損結轉。
Mei-Lin's accountant said her capital loss carry-over from the closed restaurant could offset rental income for up to eight years.
Mei-Lin 的會計師說，她從已關閉餐廳而來的資本虧損結轉，最多可抵銷長達八年的租金收入。
- carryforward
alternative one-word spelling used in some accounting standards
- tax loss carry-forward
full formal term used in tax legislation
- carryback
applying a current loss to reduce a previous year's taxable income
用法筆記
Strictly a technical tax term. Learners are unlikely to need this sense unless reading financial documents or tax legislation. Compare 'carryback', which applies a loss to a previous year instead.
常見錯誤
carry-over — 動詞
- carry-overpresent simple I / you / we / they
- carry-overs3rd person singular
- carry-overing-ing form
- carry-overedpast simple
1. in bookkeeping, to take a number or sum from the bottom of one column or page an
結轉；過帳
將數字從一欄或一頁移至下一處
in bookkeeping, to take a number or sum from the bottom of one column or page and place it at the top of the next one within the same account record.
The junior clerk carried over the debit column total from page twelve to page thirteen of the warehouse ledger.
初級辦事員將倉庫分類帳第十二頁的借方欄總額結轉到了第十三頁。
carry over + [total] from [page] to [next page]
Kwame carefully carried the closing balance over to the top of the new ledger sheet.
Kwame 小心翼翼地將期末餘額過帳到新分類帳頁面的頂端。
separable: carry [balance] over
Haruki forgot to carry over the subtotal on page seven, and the year-end reconciliation came out £4,300 short.
Haruki 忘了結轉第七頁的小計，年底對帳少了 £4,300。
The frayed cashbook from 1958 showed how the mill's bookkeeper carried figures over by hand in faded violet ink.
那本 1958 年的破舊現金簿展示了工廠記帳員如何用褪色的紫色墨水手工結轉數字。
- carry forward
identical meaning; more common in modern accounting software labelling
- post
formal term for recording an entry in a ledger
文法句型
carry over + [amount/figure]
carry [amount] over
用法筆記
Domain-specific to accounting. The object is always numeric. Essentially synonymous with phrasal verb sense 4 (FORWARD TOTAL) — the verb entry treats 'carry over' as a single verb lemma, while the phrasal verb entry treats it as a multi-word verb.
2. when a shop or trader keeps unsold goods from one season and offers them for sal
留存
將商品保留至下一季再銷售
when a shop or trader keeps unsold goods from one season and offers them for sale again in a later season rather than clearing them out.
The boutique carried over its summer dresses and put them on the racks again in spring.
這家精品店將夏季洋裝留存下來，在春天重新上架販售。
carry over + [goods] for another season
Maeve decided to carry over the unsold winter coats instead of discounting them heavily.
Maeve 決定將未售出的冬季大衣留存，而不是大幅降價出清。
The bookshop on Canal Street carried over last year's bestselling cookbook into the spring, stacking copies beside the till.
運河街上的書店將去年的暢銷食譜留存到了春天，在收銀台旁堆滿了一疊。
Noor carried over three crates of unsold mangoes from the Thursday market to the Saturday stall.
Noor 將三箱未售出的芒果從週四市集留存到了週六攤位。
- clear out
to sell off all remaining stock, usually at a discount, at the end of a season
文法句型
carry over + [goods/stock]
用法筆記
Specific to retail and commerce. The object is always stock or goods. Rare in everyday conversation — 'keep for next season' or 'hold over' are more common alternatives.
3. in tax accounting, to use a financial loss or unused credit from one year to red
遞延扣抵
將虧損用於抵減未來年度的應稅所得
in tax accounting, to use a financial loss or unused credit from one year to reduce the amount of income on which tax must be paid in a following year.
Rafael's accountant carried over the seafood restaurant's £47,000 operating loss to offset next year's profits from the new delivery service.
Rafael 的會計師將海鮮餐廳 £47,000 的營業虧損遞延扣抵，以抵銷明年外送服務的利潤。
carry over + [loss] to reduce future tax
Anja's accountant advised her to carry over the unused charitable credit into the next filing period.
Anja 的會計師建議她將未使用的慈善捐贈抵免額遞延至下一個申報期。
Yara's accountant explained she could carry over the firm's capital losses from the closed warehouse for up to five years.
Yara 的會計師解釋說，她可將公司因關閉倉庫而來的資本虧損遞延扣抵長達五年。
Sanjay bought a refrigerated van for his catering business and carried over the excess allowance to the following year.
Sanjay 為他的餐飲生意買了一輛冷藏貨車，並將超額免稅額遞延扣抵至下一年度。
- carry forward
identical in tax contexts; preferred in UK and international accounting
- defer
broader term for postponing any tax liability to a later period
- carry back
to apply a current loss to reduce a previous year's taxable income
文法句型
carry over + [loss/credit/deduction]
用法筆記
Technical tax term. The object is a loss, credit, or deduction — never an asset or income. Compare noun sense 3, which names the carry-over itself rather than the action of applying it.
常見錯誤
4. when a problem, feeling, or pattern carries over from one chapter of life or pha
殘留；延續
問題或感受跨越階段持續存在
when a problem, feeling, or pattern carries over from one chapter of life or phase of a process into the next without being dealt with or resolved in between — like distrust from a past relationship carrying over into a new one.
Budi's fear of failure carried over from his school days into his adult career.
Budi 對失敗的恐懼從學生時代殘留到了他的職業生涯中。
[fear] carried over from [earlier stage] into [later stage]
Resentment from the sacked supervisor's harsh regime carried over into the new manager's first months on the factory floor.
被解僱主管嚴苛管理留下的怨氣延續到了新經理在廠房上任的頭幾個月。
Several glitches from the booking app trial carried over into the launch, frustrating users on the first morning.
訂房應用程式試運行的幾個故障殘留到了正式發布，讓用戶在首日早上感到困擾。
Tom noticed that his daughter's shyness carried over from primary school into secondary.
Tom 注意到女兒的害羞從小學延續到了中學。
- resolve
to deal with a problem so it no longer continues
文法句型
carry over into + [next stage]
用法筆記
Intransitive. The subject is what persists (a feeling, problem, or pattern). More focused on temporal stages than idiom sense 2 (SPILL OVER), which is about crossing between different life domains (work → home) rather than time periods.