conducting
[kəndˈʌktɪŋ] /kən-ˈdəkt also ˈkän-ˌdəkt/ (ame, mw) · /kənˈdʌkt/ (bre, ipa) · [kəndˈʌktɪŋ] /kənˈdʌkt/ (ame, ipa)
conducting — 名詞
1. the way a person acts, especially when judged by rules of right and wrong
行為
個人行為，尤指道德層面
the way a person acts, especially when judged by rules of right and wrong
The school has a strict code of conduct that all students must follow.
學校訂有嚴格的學生行為規範，所有學生都必須遵守。
code of conduct — a set of rules about behaviour
Manuela received an award for her professional conduct at the hospital.
Manuela 因在醫院的專業行為而獲得表揚。
professional conduct — behaviour at work
Lucas was suspended from the team because of his violent conduct during the match.
Lucas 因為在比賽中的暴力行為而被球隊停賽。
A police officer's conduct is expected to be honest and fair at all times.
警員的行為應時刻誠實公正。
The committee will investigate whether her conduct violated any rules.
委員會將調查她的行為是否違反了任何規定。
用法筆記
Frequently paired with adjectives that judge behaviour: good conduct, bad conduct, professional conduct, criminal conduct.
常見錯誤
2. the process of planning, organizing, and carrying out an activity or business op
管理
活動或業務的組織與執行
the process of planning, organizing, and carrying out an activity or business operation
The conduct of the election was praised by international observers.
這次選舉的進行方式受到國際觀察員的讚揚。
the conduct of + noun — formal collocation for how something is managed
Imran was responsible for the conduct of daily sales operations at the store.
Imran 負責店內日常銷售業務的管理。
Poor conduct of the project led to delays and higher costs.
專案管理不善導致延誤和成本增加。
The board reviewed the conduct of the company's financial audits.
董事會審查了公司財務審計的進行情況。
New rules were introduced to improve the conduct of clinical trials.
為了改善臨床試驗的執行方式，當局引入了新規定。
- management
More concrete and everyday; 'conduct' sounds more formal and process-focused.
- running
Informal alternative; 'the running of the office' vs. 'the conduct of operations'.
- administration
Emphasises the systems and rules side of management.
用法筆記
Common in formal written English, especially describing how a process is organized. The phrase 'the conduct of [something]' is the main structure.
常見錯誤
3. the act of leading or guiding someone from one place to another
引導
引領某人至某處的行為
the act of leading or guiding someone from one place to another
The safe conduct of the refugees across the border was handled by the Red Cross.
紅十字會負責難民安全通行越過邊境。
safe conduct — a formal term for protected passage
The sergeant was responsible for the conduct of the wounded soldiers from the battlefield to the field hospital.
中士負責將傷兵從戰場護送到野戰醫院。
conduct + from [place] to [place] — physical escorting/guiding
The police arranged the safe conduct of the diplomat to the airport.
警方安排外交官安全通行至機場。
The nurse was praised for her calm conduct of the elderly patients from the burning wing to the evacuation point.
這位護理人員因冷靜地將年長病患從失火的病房護送到疏散地點而受到表揚。
用法筆記
This sense is quite formal and often appears in set phrases like 'safe conduct' (guaranteed protection during a journey). For everyday guiding, use 'guide' or 'escort'.
conducting — 動詞
- conductingpresent simple I / you / we / they
- conductings3rd person singular
- conductinging-ing form
- conductingedpast simple
1. to organize the steps needed to do something, for example running a scientific t
進行；實施
組織並執行某項活動
to organize the steps needed to do something, for example running a scientific test, an interview, or a study
The university is conducting a study on how sleep affects memory.
該大學正在進行一項關於睡眠如何影響記憶的研究。
conduct + a study / research / an experiment
Nurses conducted a quick health check for every child at the summer camp.
護理人員為夏令營的每個孩子進行了快速健康檢查。
The police are conducting an investigation into the bank robbery.
警方正在對銀行搶案進行調查。
An independent expert was brought in to conduct a safety review of the factory.
一位獨立專家受聘對工廠進行安全審查。
The two companies will conduct a joint survey of customer satisfaction.
這兩家公司將共同進行一項客戶滿意度調查。
文法句型
conduct + noun phrase
用法筆記
Common objects include: a study, research, an experiment, a survey, an interview, an investigation, a review, a test. The sentence is often in the passive: 'The experiment was conducted by...'
常見錯誤
2. to choose how you act in front of other people, especially in settings where rul
表現
以某種方式行事（尤指公開場合）
to choose how you act in front of other people, especially in settings where rules or expectations apply to your manners
Caleb conducted himself with great dignity during the difficult meeting.
Caleb 在那場困難的會議中表現得非常莊重。
conduct oneself + with + noun phrase — formal behaviour description
The students were told to conduct themselves respectfully at the ceremony.
學生們被告知在典禮上要表現得恭敬有禮。
Iker conducted himself like a true professional throughout the job interview.
Iker 在整個求職面試中表現得儼然一位真正的專業人士。
Children often learn how to conduct themselves by watching their parents.
孩子們通常是觀察父母來學習如何表現自己。
It was clear that the young lawyer knew how to conduct himself in court.
很明顯，那位年輕律師知道在法庭上該如何表現。
- behave
More common and less formal; 'behave' doesn't need a reflexive pronoun ('He behaved well').
- comport oneself
Very formal; rarely used in everyday English.
- act
Simple and everyday; 'act' can describe any action, not just behaviour.
- misbehave
The direct opposite — to act badly.
文法句型
conduct oneself + adverb
用法筆記
Almost always used reflexively ('conduct oneself') followed by an adverb or prepositional phrase describing the manner of behaviour. This is a formal alternative to 'behave'.
常見錯誤
3. to lead or guide someone to a place, often with a sense of formality or purpose
帶領
引領某人至某處
to lead or guide someone to a place, often with a sense of formality or purpose
The butler conducted the guests into the grand dining room.
管家將客人帶領至華麗的餐廳。
conduct + someone + into/to + place
A security guard conducted the visitors out of the building during the fire alarm.
火災警報響起時，一名警衛將訪客帶離了大樓。
Obi conducted the elderly woman to a seat near the front of the bus.
Obi 將那位老太太引領到公車前排的座位。
The head teacher conducted the parents around the new school building.
校長帶領家長們參觀了新建的校舍。
文法句型
conduct + noun + prepositional phrase
用法筆記
More formal than 'take' or 'lead'. Often used in service contexts (waiters, ushers, guides) or formal escorting.
4. to take someone around a building, city, or area while explaining it to them
導覽
帶領參觀並解說
to take someone around a building, city, or area while explaining it to them
An archivist conducted us through the library's rare book collection.
一位檔案管理員帶領我們參觀了圖書館的珍本收藏。
conduct + someone + through + place — showing and explaining
Beatriz conducted the new employees around the factory floor on their first day.
Beatriz 在新員工入職第一天帶領他們參觀了工廠。
The museum offers guided tours where staff conduct visitors through each gallery.
博物館提供導覽服務，工作人員會帶領訪客參觀每個展廳。
Ilan conducted his relatives around his hometown during their holiday visit.
Ilan 在親戚來度假時帶他們參觀了自己的家鄉。
A student volunteer conducted the visitors around the university campus.
一位學生志工帶領訪客參觀了大學校園。
- show around
Much more informal and common in everyday speech.
- guide
The most natural word for this meaning; 'guide' focuses on explaining the place.
文法句型
conduct + someone + around/through + place
用法筆記
Closely related to sense 3 (LEAD), but the focus here is on showing and explaining a place, not just leading someone there. 'Conduct a tour' is a common fixed phrase.
5. to lead an orchestra, choir, or band by using hand gestures and a baton to shape
指揮
指揮樂團或合唱團演出
to lead an orchestra, choir, or band by using hand gestures and a baton to shape the way the group plays a musical work
Kian has always dreamed of conducting a famous symphony orchestra.
Kian 一直夢想著指揮一支著名的交響樂團。
conduct + orchestra / choir / band / ensemble
The choir was conducted by a young musician from Vienna.
這個合唱團由一位來自維也納的年輕音樂家指揮。
Dario conducted Beethoven's Ninth Symphony at the concert hall last Saturday.
Dario 上週六在音樂廳指揮了貝多芬的第九號交響曲。
Mei raised her baton and began to conduct the orchestra with great energy.
Mei 舉起指揮棒，滿懷活力地開始指揮樂團。
The school's music teacher conducts the student band every Friday afternoon.
學校的音樂老師每週五下午指揮學生樂團。
文法句型
conduct + orchestra / choir / piece
用法筆記
The person who does this is a 'conductor'. The tools of the work include a baton (a thin stick) and hand gestures. Can be used with or without a direct object: 'He conducts beautifully.'
常見錯誤
6. to allow heat, electricity, sound, or light to travel through a substance
傳導
讓電、熱或聲音通過
to allow heat, electricity, sound, or light to travel through a substance
Copper is commonly used in wiring because it conducts electricity very well.
銅常用於電線，因為它的導電性很好。
metal + conducts + electricity/heat — scientific property
Wood does not conduct heat the way metal does.
木頭不像金屬那樣導熱。
The human body can conduct electricity, which is why electric shocks are dangerous.
人體可以導電，這就是為什麼觸電很危險。
Aluminium is a light metal that conducts heat quickly, making it useful for cooking pots.
鋁是一種輕金屬，導熱快，因此很適合用來做鍋具。
Some materials conduct sound better than others, which affects how rooms are built.
有些材料比其他材料更導聲，這會影響房間的建造方式。
- insulate
To block or prevent heat, electricity, or sound from passing through.
文法句型
conduct + heat/electricity + through + noun
用法筆記
The opposite is 'insulate' — to prevent heat or electricity from passing through. The noun form is 'conductor' for materials that allow transmission, and 'insulator' for those that block it.